Bird corncrake (dergach): piav qhia, duab

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Bird corncrake (dergach): piav qhia, duab
Bird corncrake (dergach): piav qhia, duab

Video: Bird corncrake (dergach): piav qhia, duab

Video: Bird corncrake (dergach): piav qhia, duab
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Anonim

Nrog ntau lub tebchaws noog muaj ntau hom tsiaj uas ntxim nyiam, uas cov neeg sawv cev txawv ntawm lawv qhov tsis nyiam ya. Qhov no yog qhov xav tsis thoob, vim cov noog tau tsim rau saum ntuj. Xwm muab nqi zog rau lawv nrog tis, tab sis tus noog no feathered xyaum tsis sawv saum huab cua. Lub npe ntawm tus noog yog pob kws (saib daim duab hauv qab no), nws tseem hu ua dergach.

noog corncrake
noog corncrake

Hnub yav tsaus ntuj, cov suab nrov txawv txawv tau hnov los ntawm cov nyom, lawv qee qhov zoo ib yam li cov qav. Xws li ib qho tawg yog tawm los ntawm jerks, vim lawv ntshai nws nyuaj rau pom lawv, tab sis nws yooj yim rau hnov lawv. Hais txog yuav ua li cas cov pob kws zoo li, nws nyob qhov twg, nws ciaj sia nyob rau hauv cov qus, yuav tau tham nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no.

Kev piav qhia

Hais txog qhov loj, pob kws, daim duab uas koj twb pom lawm, zoo ib yam li ib tug me me, tsuas yog fledged qaib hnyav 125-155 g. Tsuas yog cov laus, rog rog hnyav dua. Lub cev ntawm tus noog pom zoo li flattened los ntawm ob sab, tus Tsov tus tw yog luv luv, tis ntev yog 14-16 cm, lub beak yog luv (2-2.2 cm), dav ntawm lub hauv paus.

corncrake suab
corncrake suab

Topcov xim ntawm cov plaub yog variegated, reddish-xim av. Qhov nruab nrab ntawm tus cwj mem yog dub, qhov kawg yog greyish. Sab thiab plab yog buffy-dawb, nrog reddish kab txaij. Lub hauv siab, goiter thiab caj dab yog xim grey. Lub iris yog liab-xim av los yog hazel. Nyob rau hauv ib lo lus, corncrake noog, aka lub dergach, zoo nkaus li coj tus thiab tsis sawv nrog lub brightness ntawm nws plumage.

Area

Tergachi yug hauv Eurasia, los ntawm Fabkis thiab Britain nyob rau sab hnub poob mus rau South Yakutia nyob rau sab hnub tuaj, los ntawm sab qaum teb taiga thaj av mus rau ib nrab-deserts. Qhov ntau ntawm cov noog no ntes cov Caucasian foothills. Rau lub caij ntuj no, cov pob kws mus rau thaj tsam sov ntawm South Africa.

Dergachi nyiam nyob hauv toj siab thiab dej nyab meadows, ntawm cov nyom txhua xyoo, hauv cov vaj tsis tau cog qoob loo, hauv hav zoov clearings, nyob rau hauv ib nrab qhuav ntawm swamps. Lub vaj thiab cov teb nplej kuj tsim nyog rau cov noog nyob. Lawv nyiam muaj lub cev dej nyob ze, tab sis cov noog no tsis tuaj yeem sawv cov av noo ntau hauv lawv thaj chaw.

Crake: suab, qw

Hais txog tus noog crake, nws tsim nyog sau cia tias nws lub npe qub Lavxias teb sab "dergach" los ntawm jerking, sai sai ntawm cov noog no. Lub suab ntawm corncrake noog nyob rau hauv qhov chaw qhib tuaj yeem hnov txog ib mais deb. Cov txiv neej tshwj xeeb tshwj xeeb hauv kev hu nkauj nrov nrov, cov poj niam coj tus cwj pwm coj zoo dua.

qub qub
qub qub

Crake, uas nws lub suab feem ntau hnov thaum hmo ntuj, thaum tsaus ntuj lossis thaum kaj ntug, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub caij sib tw. Nrog nws lub suab nrov, zoo li lub suab quaj ntawm "geek-geek, geek-geek, geek-geek … ", tus txiv neej sim nyiam cov poj niam thiab tib lub sijhawm cuam tshuam.sib tw rau cov neeg sib tw.

Thaum nws mating "suab nkauj" pob kws tau zoo siab heev uas nws yuav tsis hnov yog tias koj mus ze rau nws. Nws tsuas yog tsim nyog los nqis tes thaum lub sij hawm "verses ntawm zaj nkauj" thaum tus noog hu. Nyob rau lub sijhawm zoo li no, nws tsuas yog lag ntseg nrog nws tus kheej lub suab. Thaum lub suab qw, tus jerk txhawb nqa nws lub caj dab mus rau pem hauv ntej, thaum tig mus rau lwm qhov kev taw qhia.

Yog tus noog ntshai lossis hnov mob txaus ntshai, lub suab nrov txawv txawv thiab ntse yuav los ntawm nws caj pas, zoo li lub suab nrov ntawm magpie. Tsis tas li ntawd, corncrake tuaj yeem ua rau peb xav tsis thoob nrog lwm lub suab, rov hais dua "Kuv". Nws yog nrog nws cov lus txawv txawv uas cov noog pob kws txawv ntawm lwm cov noog, cov lus piav qhia ntawm nws cov suab nrov yog pov thawj ntawm qhov no.

Kev ua neej

Dergach (noog) nyiam xaiv cov nyom ntub nrog cov nyom siab ua qhov chaw nyob. Feem ntau, cov noog no tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv teb sown nrog cereals.

noog corncrake description
noog corncrake description

Crake yog ib tug neeg nyob ib leeg nocturnal. Huab cua tso cai, cov noog tsis muaj zog, ua rau muaj kev ua neej nyob txhua hmo thiab tsuas yog thaum sawv ntxov, thaum sawv ntxov, lawv mus so.

Nws nyuaj heev kom pom ib tsob ntoo hauv cov nyom, nws nce mus rau saum huab cua thaum tsim nyog kiag li. Yog li no tus noog no yooj yim dua rau hnov dua li pom. Cov noog khiav, khoov pem hauv ntej ntawm lub cev thiab lub taub hau mus rau hauv av kom tus Tsov tus tw siab dua. Thaum lub sijhawm txav mus los, tus noog nods nws lub taub hau txhua lub sijhawm los saib ib ncig, nws qee zaum ncaj thiab ncab nws caj dab mus rau nws qhov ntev. Thaum twgmuaj ib tug luv luv soj ntsuam, lub dergach hais ib tug tshwj xeeb quaj, zoo li nws zoo siab rau nws tus kheej thiab ntseeg hais tias tsis muaj kev phom sij.

Yog tias kev phom sij tsis tuaj yeem zam tau, tus noog crake ua ntej txhua tus sim khiav. Tus khiav los ntawm tus feathered no yog unsurpassed, nws nqaim lub cev pab mus ceev ceev nyob rau hauv high ntom nyom. Thaum khiav tsis tau, tus noog yuav tsum tawm mus. Nws ua qhov no me ntsis clumsily thiab maj mam. Hauv kev ya davhlau, nws ob txhais ceg tau qis qis, qhov kev ua tsis tau ntev, tom qab ob peb meters lub twitch zaum hauv cov nyom thiab tseem khiav tawm hauv txoj kev yooj yim dua hauv av.

Reproduction

Tus txiv neej jerk tuaj yeem raug hu ua tus kws tshaj lij thiab tus txiv neej paub txog. Txawm hais tias nws yog qhov ncaj ncees hais tias thaum nws tu ib tug poj niam, nws tsis nkim sij hawm rau lwm tus. Los ntawm cov saum toj no, nws tau pom tseeb tias cov pob kws pob kws yog cov polygamous tsis tu ncua.

corncrake yees duab
corncrake yees duab

Lub caij sib yuav pib txij lub Plaub Hlis mus txog Lub Xya Hli. Raws li tau hais ua ntej, thaum lub caij ua tshoob noog, txiv neej ua suab nrov heev. Ntxiv nrog rau "cov nkauj", lawv kuj kov yeej lub siab ntawm cov poj niam nrog kev seev cev. Thaum ib tug poj niam nkag mus rau hauv qhov kev pom ntawm tus txiv neej, nws pib ua kev sib tw seev cev, thaum lub sijhawm cov pob liab liab ntawm lub tis saib zoo. Tab sis qhov no tsis yog qhov txwv ntawm kev siv zog ntawm "cavalier", nyob rau hauv qhov kub ntawm kev mob siab rau nws tuaj yeem muab nws cov feathered xaiv "ntxim hlub" khoom plig nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm qwj thiab worms. Yog tias tus txiv neej tsis ua siab dawb siab zoo, tus poj niam nws tus kheej tuaj yeem thov kev kho mob ntawm nws.

Nyob hauv ib lub caij, ib tug txiv neej tuaj yeem ua 2-3 tus poj niam,qhov nruab nrab, muaj ob tug ntxhais rau ib tug tub. Nws lub luag haujlwm tsis suav nrog kev tsim lub zes, hatching qe thiab tu cov me nyuam. Thaum tus poj niam pib nteg qe, tus txiv neej mus nrhiav lwm tus darling.

Ntawm yav tom ntej niam feathered npaj nws zes ntawm cov ntoo me me lossis cov nyom tuab. Ua ntej, nws khawb ib lub qhov ntiav, ces kab hauv qab nrog moss, sedge stalks thiab nyom. Hauv ib lub clutch muaj los ntawm 7 mus rau 12 qe. Poj niam incubates lawv tus kheej, tsis muaj kev pab los ntawm ib tug negligible txiv.

Dergach (noog) zaum ntawm qe rau peb lub lis piam, tom qab ntawd me nyuam qaib yug los ntawm lawv. Lawv npog nrog xim av-dub fluff. Koj tsis tuaj yeem hu cov menyuam mos uas tsis muaj kev pab kiag li, vim tias yuav luag tam sim ntawd tom qab cov fluff qhuav, cov menyuam qaib ua siab tawv tawm hauv lub zes thiab nrog lawv niam.

noog corncrake aka dergach
noog corncrake aka dergach

Thawj 3-4 hnub ntawm lub neej, pob kws pub nws cov tub ntxhais hluas los ntawm nws cov beak. Thaum cov me nyuam muaj 2 lub lis piam, lawv ua ywj siab, lawv tuaj yeem tau txais lawv cov khoom noj. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog ib hlis, cov menyuam yaus pib ua thawj zaug thiab tawm ntawm lawv niam txoj kev saib xyuas.

Dergach cov poj niam nyob hauv Tebchaws Europe sab hnub poob tuaj yeem tso ob lub qe qe thiab tua ob tus menyuam qaib thaum lub caij ntuj sov, thaum cov neeg nyob hauv thaj tsam sab hnub tuaj, vim muaj huab cua hnyav dua, ua rau ob lub clutch tsis tshua muaj.

Kev noj haus

Crake noog tsis yog neeg tsis noj nqaij, nws nyiam noj cov nroj tsuag thiab zaub movtsiaj keeb kwm. Muab qhov tseeb tias dergach nyiam nyob hauv thaj chaw fertile, nws tsis muaj teeb meem nrog kev tshem tawm cov zaub mov. Piv txwv li, nyob ib sab ntawm ib daim teb, ib tug noog tuaj yeem tau txais cov nplej thiab kab txaus txaus.

Kev noj zaub mov ntawm pob kws suav nrog cov noob, cov tub ntxhais hluas tua ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Cov ntawv qhia zaub mov ntxiv los ntawm cov kab me me, centipedes, qwj me me, cov kab hauv av.

Pabneeg

Crake yog ib tug noog uas zais zais thiab ceev faj heev uas nkaum ntawm tib neeg lub qhov muag. Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov nyuaj heev los txiav txim siab cov pej xeem loj ntawm dergach. Ib tug tsuas tuaj yeem xav tias vim tias muaj ntau qhov chaw ua liaj ua teb ib puag ncig, cov noog no tsis tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau cov tsiaj uas muaj kev puas tsuaj.

suab noog corncrake
suab noog corncrake

Nws yog, tau kawg, tsim nyog sau cia tias piv rau xyoo dhau los, tus lej ntawm cov crake poob qis. Cov nyom ntub dej maj mam tab sis muaj tseeb ploj ntawm toj roob hauv pes, vim li ntawd, cov pej xeem ntawm dergachs, uas feem ntau nyob hauv cov cheeb tsam no, yog tsawg zuj zus.

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