Tsev khaws puav pheej Bulgakov "Bad apartment": chaw nyob, qhib sijhawm, nthuav tawm, tshuaj xyuas

Cov txheej txheem:

Tsev khaws puav pheej Bulgakov "Bad apartment": chaw nyob, qhib sijhawm, nthuav tawm, tshuaj xyuas
Tsev khaws puav pheej Bulgakov "Bad apartment": chaw nyob, qhib sijhawm, nthuav tawm, tshuaj xyuas
Anonim

Ua ntej piav txog Bulgakov's Tsev khaws puav pheej "Zoo Apartment", cia peb dhia mus rau hauv cov duab keeb kwm thiab keeb kwm ntawm lub neej ntawm tus tswv ntawm cov ntawv nyeem Mikhail Afanasyevich Bulgakov, uas tau nthuav tawm nws cov txuj ci ntau yam hauv ntau hom kev sau ntawv - lyrical, ua yeeb yam. thiab epic. Kev kawm zoo kawg nkaus, tus kws sau ntawv trowel muaj peev xwm tsim cov duab zoo kawg nkaus uas tsis nco qab, thiab yog li nws txoj haujlwm yuav raug kawm, nws yuav txaus siab rau txhua tiam neeg. Muaj ob peb lub tsev khaws puav pheej Bulgakov, tab sis cia peb tsom mus rau ib qho ntawm lawv.

Lub tsev khaws puav pheej no tau qhib tsis raug cai ntev dhau los, rov qab rau xyoo 70s, tab sis nws tsuas yog tsim nyob rau xyoo 2007. Nyob rau hauv lub tsev ntawm Sadovaya Street, tus kws sau ntawv Mikhail Afanasyevich nyob thiab ua haujlwm rau cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sau ntawv los ntawm 1921 txog 1924.

Kyiv. Bulgakov Tsev khaws puav pheej
Kyiv. Bulgakov Tsev khaws puav pheej

Bulgakov luv luv biography

Tus kws sau ntawv yug hauv Kyiv xyoo 1891, lub Tsib Hlis 15th. Nws txiv - Afanasy Ivanovich Bulgakov - yog ib tug xib fwb ntawm lub Kyiv Theological Seminary. Thiab kuv niam - Varvara Mikhailovna - tau koom nrog kev yug me nyuam,txij li thaum nws muaj xya ntawm lawv (peb tus tub thiab plaub tug ntxhais).

Mikhail nws tus kheej tau hais txog nws cov hluas uas tsis muaj kev txhawj xeeb ua qhov chaw kaj hauv nws lub neej. Nws nyob hauv lub nroog ntsuab zoo nkauj ntawm qhov chaw siab tshaj ntawm Dnieper, nws lub tsev nyob ntawm lub npe Andreevsky qhovntsej thiaj tsis mob ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm tib lub npe, uas lawv txhua tus mus pehawm nrog tag nrho tsev neeg. Tom qab ntawd nws xav txog lub zeem muag ntawm lub neej dawb thiab zoo.

Young Writer
Young Writer

kev saib xyuas niam txiv

Txiv leej txiv txhawb nqa nws cov menyuam kom mob siab thiab hlub kev kawm. Tus niam muaj tus cwj pwm muaj zog thiab rau siab ntso qhia lawv paub qhov zoo ntawm qhov phem. Hauv lawv tsev neeg, txoj cai tseem ceeb yog kev paub thiab ua tiav kev saib tsis taus.

Thaum Mikhail muaj 16 xyoo, nws txiv tuag vim mob raum. Pom tau tias yog vim li cas tus kws sau ntawv yav tom ntej txiav txim siab los ua tus kws kho mob thiab nkag mus hauv Kyiv University hauv chav kho mob. Tom qab ob xyoos, tawm tsam nws niam lub siab nyiam, nws tau yuav ib tug tub ntxhais kawm theem siab Tatiana Lappa.

Tub rog xyaum

Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis tas yuav kawm tiav. Thawj Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb pib, xyoo 1916 nws tau ua haujlwm pub dawb thiab ua haujlwm hauv tsev kho mob tub rog. Nyob ntawd nws tau txais kev kho mob zoo, thiab tom qab ntawd raug xa mus rau lub tsev kho mob Zemstvo ntawm lub xeev Smolensk.

Ib zaug, thiaj li yuav cawm tau ib tug me nyuam mob hnyav, nws yuav tsum tau nqus cov kab mob diphtheria ntawm nws caj pas, thiab lawv poob rau hauv tus kws kho mob lub qhov ncauj. Michael tig dawb. Nws yuav tsum tau txhaj tshuaj morphine. Nws txoj kev noj qab haus huv tau zoo dua, tab sis nws tau koom nrog cov tshuaj no. Tab sis thawj tus poj niam - Lappa - muaj peev xwm rub nws tawm ntawm qhov nokev quav yeeb quav tshuaj.

Michael Bulgakov
Michael Bulgakov

Start

Thiab tom qab ntawd ua raws li xyoo dhau los ntawm kev hloov pauv lub sijhawm thiab Tsov Rog Tsov Rog. Nws tawm tsam thiab ua haujlwm ua tub rog kws kho mob hauv ntau pab tub rog.

Ces tus sau ntawv poob mob typhus. Tom qab nws rov qab los, nws tsis xav ua cov tshuaj, vim hais tias los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd nws txaus siab rau kev sau ntawv. Thaum lub sij hawm no, nws sau "Lub Plawv ntawm aub", "Lub qe tuag", "Notes on the Cuffs", etc.

Nws tawg nrog nws thawj tus poj niam. Nyob rau hauv 1924 nws yuav ob lub sij hawm rau Lyubov Belozerskaya. Tom qab ntawd muaj kev sib yuav thib peb nrog Elena Sergeevna Shilovskaya, uas nws tau mob siab rau qhov tshiab "Tus Xib Hwb thiab Margarita" thiab leej twg kom txog thaum nws ua pa kawg tau nyob ze nws lub txaj.

Lub sijhawm muaj tswv yim ntsiag to

Tom qab ntawd los stagnation thiab txaj muag, nws tsis tuaj yeem ua yeeb yam thiab tsis tau tshaj tawm. Bulgakov tau sau ib tsab ntawv rau Stalin kom nws tso cai rau nws tawm hauv lub tebchaws los yog muab sijhawm rau nws ua haujlwm kom tsis txhob tshaib plab. Nws kuj tseem paub tias nws tau liam tias muaj kev sib tham nrog Stalin, tom qab ntawd Bulgakov pib ua haujlwm ntawm Moscow Art Theatre thiab Bolshoi Theatre.

Tom qab ntawd nws sau ua si txog Stalin "Batum". Nws tau pom zoo los ntawm tus thawj coj, tab sis tsis tso cai rau theem.

Kev vam meej

Bulgakov txoj kev noj qab haus huv tau poob qis rau txhua xyoo dashing no. Nws poob mob nrog ntshav siab nephrosclerosis thiab rov zaum ntawm morphine txhawm rau txo qhov mob.

Xyoo 1940, tus kws sau ntawv xyaum tsis sawv, nws cov txheeb ze thiab cov phooj ywg tau ua haujlwm nyob ze nws lub txaj. Lub Peb Hlis 10 ntawm tib lub xyoo, nws tuag.

Tom qab kev tuag ntawm tus kws sau ntawv hauv Moscowmuaj ib tug nthwv dej ntawm cov lus xaiv hais tias nws mob tshwm sim rau nws vim nws occult hobbies. Allegedly, raug coj mus deb heev los ntawm tej dab phem, nws them nrog nws noj qab haus huv. Thiab kev tuag ntxov yog pov thawj ntawm qhov ntawd.

Txawm li cas los xij, muaj lwm qhov kev xav, raws li tus tswv rov qab siv tshuaj, uas ua rau nws tuag ntxov ntxov. Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb yog hypertensive nephrosclerosis.

Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 11, nws lub cev raug coj tawm ntawm lub tsev ntawm Cov Neeg Sau Ntawv Soviet. Bulgakov tau faus rau ntawm lub toj ntxas Novodevichy. Raws li qhov kev thov ntawm nws tus poj niam, ib lub pob zeb tau tsa rau ntawm nws lub ntxa, lub npe hu ua "Golgotha" vim nws zoo li lub roob. Ua ntej ntawd, nws pw saum lub ntxa ntawm Gogol, nyiam los ntawm tus kws sau ntawv, thiab ces muab pov rau hauv lub toj ntxas.

tus tswv lub ntxa
tus tswv lub ntxa

Qhib

Cov lus piav qhia ntawm lub Tsev khaws puav pheej Bulgakov "Bad Apartment" yuav tsum pib nrog qhov tseeb tias qhov chaw no yeej ib txwm yog hom hlau nplaum uas nyiam cov qhua xav paub hauv nroog thiab Muscovites lawv tus kheej, leej twg rau qee lub sijhawm muaj lub sijhawm rau Yuav tsum txaus siab nrog tsuas yog nkag, txij li ib feem ntawm lub tsev koom nrog lub tuam tsev ntawm lub koom haum "Giprotekhmontazh", thiab lwm yam - rau cov neeg nyob. B. Sokolov's "Bulgakov Encyclopedia" hais tias chav tsev phem hauv "Master thiab Margarita" tau dhau los ua qauv ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej nto moo.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias qee qhov zoo ib yam ntawm lub tsev cia puav pheej tseem muaj, raws li cov kws ua haujlwm ua tib zoo khaws tag nrho cov khoom pov thawj.

Nyob rau xyoo 80s, ib feem ntawm cov neeg tseem ceeb ntawm kev coj noj coj ua tau tawm tsam los qhia rau cov pej xeem thiab cov tub ceev xwm tias tsim "Tsev Vaj Huam Sib Luag" hauvMoscow tsuas xav tau.

Sau ntawv lub rooj
Sau ntawv lub rooj

Apartment No. 50

Txoj kev hauv qab daus, hauv qab nthab thiab ntaiv ntawm Bulgakov lub tsev tau pleev xim rau thiab pleev xim rau, lawv tau dhau los ua ib qho chaw rau cov neeg muaj tswv yim, nrog rau cov neeg tuaj yeem pom cov kws ntaus suab paj nruag, ua yeeb yam thiab hippies.

Ua tsaug rau Bulgakov Foundation, uas tau teeb tsa hauv 2004, txhua yam kev nthuav qhia, kev sib tham, kev hais kwv txhiaj tau pib muaj nyob hauv chav tsev 50.

Qhov chaw no tau dhau los ua ib lub tsev khaws puav pheej pej xeem. Cov neeg ntawm ntau tiam neeg thiab cov hnub nyoog sib sau ua ke hauv lub tsev no, txawm tias nws tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb kiag li, txij li cov ntoo qub qub tau rotted thiab tuaj yeem tawg tau txhua lub sijhawm. Tus kws sau ntawv muaj cov kiv cua txaus, thiab cov neeg tuaj ntawm no txhua hnub.

Kev nkag ntawm lub tsev
Kev nkag ntawm lub tsev

Exhibits

Tom qab qee lub sijhawm, lub tsev tau kho dua tshiab, qhov xwm txheej tau hloov pauv, cov khoom siv pej xeem tau daws teeb meem, thiab cov neeg xauj tsev ntxiv, tau txiav txim siab tshem tawm cov neeg tuaj saib tsis tu ncua, pleev xim rau cov xim tsaus nti ntawm qhov kawg ntawm ib lub sijhawm..

Nyob rau xyoo 2007, tus kws sau ntawv cov xeeb ntxwv, Varvara Svetlaeva thiab Elena Zemskaya, tau pub cov khoom pov thawj tshwj xeeb rau Bulgakov lub tsev cia puav pheej "Bad Apartment" - cov ntawv sau thiab cov khoom uas Bulgakov txhais tes tau ntsib nrog hauv nws cov ntawv sau thiab ua yeeb yam.

Lub tsev nyob hauv Nashchekinsky Txoj Kev
Lub tsev nyob hauv Nashchekinsky Txoj Kev

Tsev khaws puav pheej Bulgakov "Bad apartment". Exposure

Yog li, peb xyoos tom qab, cov khoom ntawm nws lub tsev zaum kawg tau tshwm sim hauv lub tsev cia puav pheej, nyob ntawm 3/5 Nashchekinsky Lane, hauv lub tshav puam uasOb tug bronze sculptures ntawm tus phab ej ntawm lub tshiab "Tus Xib Hwb thiab Margarita" - cov tswv cuab ntawm lub retinue ntawm Woland, Koroviev thiab Behemoth (naughty rog miv) tau tsa. Ntawm phab ntsa ntawm qhov nkag koj tuaj yeem pom cov duab kos duab ntawm tus phab ej ntawm cov haujlwm nto moo.

Thaum pib, mus rau hauv chav hnav khaub ncaws ntawm Bulgakov Tsev khaws puav pheej "Bad Apartment", koj tuaj yeem ntog rau ntawm cov khoom qub qub los ntawm ntau lub sijhawm. Ib zaug ntawm lawv dai lub tsho loj thiab lub kaus mom ntawm tus kws sau ntawv zoo.

Tag nrho qhov nthuav tawm ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej nyob hauv ntau chav. Nyob rau hauv dav dav, thawj chav tsev ntawm tus xov tooj 50 yog ib tug sib koom chav tsev, qhov twg yim tsev neeg nyob, uas tau los ua tus prototypes ntawm Bulgakov tus artistic heroes. Nws nyob hauv ib chav uas tus kws sau ntawv tau nrog nws tus poj niam.

Kev teeb tsa hauv chav ua noj
Kev teeb tsa hauv chav ua noj

Ntaus

Tam sim no chav tsev yog Bulgakov tag nrho. Koj tuaj yeem mus rau nws lub chaw ua haujlwm xiav, rov tsim dua los ntawm cov duab thiab cov cim ntawm nws lub sijhawm, thiab ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas cov chav uas muaj cov rooj tog zaum tiag, nrog rau cov xov tooj cua uas yog Mikhail Afanasyevich, uas nws nyiam mloog cov suab paj nruag classic. Ntawm lub desktop koj tuaj yeem pom nws cov phau ntawv nyiam - cov ntawv tshiab los ntawm Apuleius "Lub Pob Ntseg Golden", cov phiaj xwm uas nws kuj siv qee zaum hauv nws cov haujlwm. Ntawm no koj tuaj yeem paub nrog Bulgakov lub tsev qiv ntawv nplua nuj thiab pom lub txee nrog Egyptian sphinxes. Tab sis qhov khoom pov thawj tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog cov ntawv sau ntawm kev ua si "Molière" kos npe los ntawm tus sau.

Los ntawm cov chav ntawm Bulgakov Tsev khaws puav pheej "Bad Apartment" zoo kawg nkaus saib ntawm lub nroog qhib, toj roob hauv pes uas zoo li tus tswv, nwspiav ntau dua ib zaug hauv nws tej hauj lwm.

Ib zaug hauv chav ua noj hauv zej zog, koj tuaj yeem pom peb nplooj ntawv qub ntawm 30s thiab ib daim duab ntawm tus squabbler thiab brawler - tus neeg ua haujlwm hauv zej zog Annushka-Chuma. Judging los ntawm cov memoirs ntawm nws thawj tus poj niam, Lappa Tatyana Nikolaevna, nws yog tus neeg qaug cawv, grouchy phauj uas tau los ua tus qauv ntawm Annushka, uas nchuav roj, uas Berlioz ntog thiab poob, vim hais tias ntawm lub tram txiav nws lub taub hau.

Cultural Center

Chav tsev nyob yog muab nrog cov rooj tog ua ntej kev hloov pauv nrog lub xyoo pua 19th. Nws feem ntau hosts concerts, sau ntawv sau thiab ua yeeb yam. Lwm chav, hu ua "White Hall", feem ntau yog tuav exhibitions.

Yog tias ib tus neeg muaj lub siab xav mus xyuas "chav tsev tsis zoo", nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias lub tsev no tseem muaj lub chaw kev coj noj coj ua thiab kev kawm hu ua "Bulgakov's House" (nws tsis muaj dab tsi ua rau lub tsev cia puav pheej), tab sis leej twg hosts cov xwm txheej cuam tshuam nrog lub npe ntawm tus tsim cov ntaub ntawv zoo.

Chaw nyob ntawm Bulgakov Tsev khaws puav pheej "Bad Apartment", qhib sijhawm, pib nqi

Chaw Nyob: Moscow, st. Bolshaya Sadovaya, tsev 302-bis, apt. 50, nkag 6, pem teb 4.

Hnub tuaj ntsib: Hnub Tuesday txog Hnub Sunday thaum 12.00 txog 19.00. Hnub Monday yog ib hnub so. Hnub Thursday, cov neeg tuaj xyuas hauv tsev cia puav pheej tau txais los ntawm 14.00 txog 21.00. Txhua hnub Sunday thib peb ntawm lub hli nkag yog pub dawb.

Image
Image

Tshuaj xyuas Bulgakov Tsev khaws puav pheej "Cov tsev tsis zoo" yuav luag ib txwm tau txais qhov zoo thiab zoo kawg. Ntau tus hais tias tus phab ej ntawm nws tej hauj lwm tseem nyob ntawd - xws li ib tug txawv txawv yog tsimkev xav.

Tus nqi ntawm daim pib tag nrho yog 150 rubles, daim pib txo (cov nyiaj laus thiab cov menyuam kawm ntawv) yog 50 rubles, pub dawb rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv puv sijhawm, cov menyuam kawm ntawv hauv Moscow thiab cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 7.

Pom zoo: