Russian heroic epic

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:51

Yog hais tias myths xwb yog kev paub dawb ceev, ces tus heroic epic ntawm cov neeg ntawm lub ntiaj teb no yog ib qho tseem ceeb thiab txhim khu kev qha cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev loj hlob ntawm cov neeg, qhia nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm poetic kos duab. Thiab txawm hais tias epic tsim los ntawm myths xwb, nws tsis yog ib txwm dawb ceev, vim hais tias ntawm txoj kev, kev hloov pauv tshwm sim hauv cov ntsiab lus thiab cov qauv ntawm cov lus piav qhia. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm qhov no yog cov yeeb yaj kiab ntawm Cov Hnub Nyoog Nrab Hnub nyoog lossis cov epics ntawm Ancient Russia, qhia cov tswv yim ntawm kev ncaj ncees hauv zej zog, qhuas cov tub rog Lavxias uas tiv thaiv tib neeg, thiab qhuas cov neeg zoo thiab cov xwm txheej zoo cuam tshuam nrog lawv.

Qhov tseeb, Lavxias teb sab heroic epic pib hu ua epics nkaus xwb nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 19th, thiab txog thaum ntawd lawv yog pej xeem "lub sij hawm qub" - poetic nkauj uas qhuas txog lub neej ntawm cov neeg Lavxias teb sab. Qee cov kws tshawb fawb ntaus nqi lub sijhawm ntawm lawv tsim rau X-XI centuries - lub sij hawm ntawm Kievan Rus. Lwm tus ntseeg tias qhov no yog ib hom kev kos duab tom qab ntawm pej xeem thiab nws yog nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawm lub xeev Muscovite.

Lavxias tus heroic epic embodies lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ua siab loj thiab mob siab rau tus phab ej tawm tsam cov yeeb ncuab hordes. Mythological qhov chaw suav nrog tom qab epics piav txog cov phab ej xws li Magus, Svyatogor thiab Danube. Tom qab ntawd, peb tus phab ej tau tshwm sim - nto moo thiab nyiam tiv thaiv ntawm Fatherland.

Qhov no yog Dobrynya Nikitich, Ilya Muromets, Alyosha Popovich, uas sawv cev rau tus heroic epic ntawm Kievan lub sij hawm ntawm Rus txoj kev loj hlob. Cov khoom qub qub no qhia txog keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim lub nroog nws tus kheej thiab kev kav ntawm Vladimir, uas cov phab ej tau mus ua haujlwm. Tsis zoo li lawv, Novgorod epics ntawm lub sijhawm no tau mob siab rau cov kws ntaus hlau thiab cov guslars, princes thiab cov neeg ua liaj ua teb zoo. Lawv cov cim yog qhov ntxim nyiam. Lawv muaj lub siab muaj peev xwm. Cov no yog Sadko, Mikula, uas sawv cev rau lub ntiaj teb ci ntsa iab thiab tshav ntuj. Ntawm nws qhov kev tiv thaiv, Ilya Muromets sawv ntawm nws qhov chaw tshaj tawm thiab coj nws txoj kev mus ncig ze ntawm roob siab thiab hav zoov tsaus. Nws tawm tsam cov phem phem rau qhov zoo ntawm Lavxias teb sab av.

Txhua tus phab ej muaj nws tus cwj pwm zoo. Yog hais tias tus heroic epic muab Ilya Muromets zoo kawg li lub zog, zoo li Svyatogor, ces Dobrynya Nikitich, ntxiv rau lub zog thiab tsis ntshai, yog ib tug zoo diplomat muaj peev xwm kov yeej ib tug ntse nab. Tias yog vim li cas Tub Vaj Ntxwv Vladimir tso siab rau nws nrog kev tshaj tawm txoj moo zoo. Tsis zoo li lawv, Alyosha Popovich yog cunning thiab savvy. Nyob qhov twg nws tsis muaj hwj chim, nyob ntawd nws muab cunning rau hauv kev ua. Tau kawg, cov duab ntawm tus phab ej no yog dav dav.

Epics muaj lub koom haum zoo sib xws, thiab lawv cov lus yog suab nrov thiab ua siab ntev. Raws li artistic txhais tau tias, muaj epithets, sib piv. Cov yeeb ncuab tau nthuav tawm ua dab tuag, thiab Lavxias tus phab ej tau nthuav tawm ua qhov loj thiab zoo tshaj.

Nkauj Hmoob tsis muaj ib lo lus. Lawv tau kis ntawm qhov ncauj, yog li lawv sib txawv. Txhua epic muaj ntau txoj kev xaiv, xav txog cov phiaj xwm tshwj xeeb thiab cov qauv ntawm thaj chaw. Tab sis tej txuj ci tseem ceeb, cim thiab lawv cov thawj coj nyob rau hauv txawv versions yog khaws cia. Cov ntsiab lus zoo heev, werewolves, cov neeg sawv hauv qhov tuag rov qab los tau kis los ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub tswv yim keeb kwm ntawm cov neeg txog lub ntiaj teb nyob ib puag ncig lawv. Nws yog tseeb hais tias tag nrho cov epics tau sau thaum lub sij hawm kev ywj pheej thiab lub hwj chim ntawm Russia, yog li lub era ntawm antiquity muaj ib tug conditional lub sij hawm ntawm no.