Grey alder: piav qhia, daim ntawv thov hauv tshuaj

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:51

Alder grey yog qhov tseeb harbinger ntawm caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Nws pib tawg thaum tseem muaj daus nyob ib puag ncig. Nplooj tshwm ntau tom qab. Tsob ntoo belongs rau tsev neeg Birch.

Alder grey: piav qhia

Nyob ntawm thaj chaw nyob, nws tuaj yeem zoo li tsob ntoo deciduous mus txog 25 meters siab lossis raws li ib tsob ntoo loj nrog lub cev mus txog 50 cm. Alder yog hom loj hlob sai, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog pom hauv thawj zaug. 15 xyoo lub neej. Tom qab ntawd, cov txheej txheem qeeb. Nws yog Frost-resistant thiab ntxoov ntxoo-tiv taus, tab sis tib lub sij hawm nws yog photophilous heev.

Hnub nyoog nruab nrab yog 40-60 xyoo, tab sis muaj cov nroj tsuag paub tias tau mus txog 100 xyoo.

Alder grey (los yog dawb, raws li nws tseem hu ua) muaj cov hauv paus hniav sab nrauv. Nws yog tob tob li ntawm 20 cm. Nodule loj hlob thiab stump loj hlob nyob rau hauv cov hauv paus hniav.

Alder muaj lub cev sib luag nrog lub teeb grey tawv tawv. Nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas tua, nws pib muaj ib tug ntsuab tinge, tom qab los ua xim av. Ib qho tsis muaj zog uas tsis nplaum nplaum yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj tawm, uas ploj mus tom qab ib ntus.

Oval-puab nplooj, dav thiab me ntsis taw rau saum. Loj hlob mus txog 10 cm, thaum lub sab sauv yog cintsuab, qis - sib dua. Cov nplooj ntawm ceg tau muab faib ua peb kab.

Txog 30 hom ntawm cov nroj tsuag no paub, tab sis tsuas yog ob feem ntau pom nyob rau thaj chaw ntawm Russia: grey alder, dub alder. Qhov thib ob kuj hu ua nplaum.

Thawj pob ntseg tshwm sim thaum Lub Peb Hlis lossis Plaub Hlis. Txiv neej thiab poj niam nyob rau hauv tsos txawv ntawm ib leeg. Thawj inflorescences yog ntev thiab feem ntau sau 3-5 pieces ua ke. Pob ntseg "poj niam" oval, ntawm ob txhais ceg luv, txog li 1.5 cm ntev, lawv tau sau rau hauv 8-9 daim. pollination tshwm sim nrog kev pab los ntawm cua.

Thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg, cov poj niam buds ua kom khov thiab zoo li lub khob me me.

Tib lub sijhawm, cov noob siav txhua xyoo thiab nyob twj ywm rau 2 xyoos. Lawv zoo li txiv ntseej 1.5 cm ntev nrog membranous tis.

Alder grey propagated los ntawm noob, cov xeeb ntxwv ntawm cov hauv paus hniav thiab txiav. Yuav tsim cov tsiaj qus loj hlob sai heev.

Kev faib tawm

Cov ntoo loj hlob ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Russia, feem ntau nyob rau sab qaum teb, nws kuj muaj nyob hauv Siberia, mus txog Kamchatka. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv North America, Asia Minor, Transcaucasia, Serbia, Ltalis, Fabkis, thiab tseem nyob rau hauv yuav luag tag nrho cov teb chaws Europe.

Grey alder nyiam loj hlob hauv thaj chaw hav zoov, tab sis nws kuj pom muaj nyob hauv hav zoov-steppe thiab hav zoov-tundra zones. Hauv North America, tsob ntoo ua rau muaj kev hem thawj rau cov nroj tsuag hauv zos.

Vim kev cog qoob loo zoonoob sai sai ua thickets. Tsis zoo li dub alder, nws yooj yim yoog rau cov av ntub dej. Vim yog cov cuab yeej no, cov nroj tsuag feem ntau siv los ntxiv dag zog rau cov ntug dej ntawm cov dej ntws, qhov chaw siab ntawm cov ravines, thiab tsim cov hav zoov reclamation toj roob hauv pes.

Loj hlob hauv cov av moist calcareous, uas nws enriches nrog nitrogen. Tsis zam drought zoo. Nws lub xub ntiag ntawm lub tiaj qhia tias muaj dej hauv av.

Alder grey: cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig thiab daim ntawv thov

Ntoo muaj ib tug mos tab sis tuab ntoo nrog ib tug reddish tint. Alder grey yog siv nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov tig thiab joinery. Nws yog rot resistant. Nrov hauv kev tsim cov rooj tog zaum, cov khoom sib tw thiab ntawv kuj yog tsim los ntawm nws.

Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm qhov av noo tas mus li, nws tau txais lub zog muaj zog, yog li nws yog siv rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm cov qauv hauv qab dej, cov thoob, cav cabins ntawm qhov dej, kho ncej. Shavings ua ib lub ntim zoo rau txiv hmab txiv ntoo.

Grey alder firewood tsis nrov heev, nws kub hnyiab, tab sis tsis ua kom sov. Yav tas los, lawv tau siv los hlawv tawm ntawm qhov cub.

Cov tawv ntoo yog xim zoo nkauj, siv tau los muab xim liab, dub thiab daj rau cov ntaub, tawv thiab ntaub plaub.

Cov neeg ua teb siv alder twigs los tua kab tsuag xws li nas thiab dais. Tsuas yog muab tso rau ntawm txaj thiab ze ntawm tsob ntoo txiv ntoo xwb.

Alder grey yog nrov heev ntawm beekeepers, paj ntoos yog tsim ntawm tua thiab cov nplooj me ua ntej flowering.

Ua tau zoo hauv daim ntawvhniav nyiaj hniav kub, tab sis qhov no yuav tsum tau txiav tas li.

daim ntawv thov kho mob

Rau tshuaj kho mob, cov tawv ntoo, nplooj ntawm tsob ntoo thiab cones yog siv. Kev npaj, uas suav nrog grey alder, muaj hemostatic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, astringent nyhuv. Lawv yog cov nrov nyob rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob ntawm lub plab zom mov. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom no ntawm alder yog siv rau cov mob khaub thuas thiab mob rheumatism, yog ib feem ntawm cov tshuaj thiab tsim nyog rau decoctions.

Cov nplooj tshiab muaj cov nyhuv diaphoretic zoo, lawv muaj phenolcarboxylic acids, provitamin A, ascorbic acid, vitamin C.

Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm grey alder cones suav nrog alkaloids, aliphatic alcohols, fatty oils, steroids, triterpenoids, tannins. Ob yam tshuaj kawg no kuj pom muaj nyob hauv cov nplooj ntoo.