Lavxias teb sab sturgeon: piav qhia thiab kev qhia yug me nyuam. Sturgeon Siberian thiab Amur

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:50

Nws muaj kev nyab xeeb hais tias kev lag luam khoom noj, nrog rau txoj hauv kev zoo, yuav luag ib txwm coj tau txiaj ntsig zoo. Cov neeg ua lag luam uas txiav txim siab pib lawv tus kheej ua lag luam hauv kev lag luam no khwv tau ntau heev. Piv txwv li, Lavxias teb sab sturgeon yog ib qho kim heev thiab cua ntses uas tsuas yog bred hauv tsev. Wb tham txog lub ntsiab lus no kom ntxaws ntxiv thiab hais txog txhua lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb.

Sturgeon tsev neeg: cov lus qhia dav dav

Qhov chaw nyob ntawm hom ntses no dav dav: los ntawm sab qaum teb hemisphere ntawm Europe mus rau sab qaum teb Asia thiab America. Tam sim no, 4 genera yog txawv: sturgeon, sterlet, beluga, thiab lwm yam ntses zoo sib xws. Yog li, kev loj hlob ntawm tus neeg laus tshwm sim ntawm 8-15 xyoo, rau cov poj niam - ntawm 8-30 xyoo. Qhov nruab nrab fecundity ntawm ib tug sturgeon yog hais txog 700,000 qe rau ib tug spawn. Fry hatch nyob rau hauv ib lub lim tiam. Los ntawm qhov no nws tuaj yeem xaus tiasLavxias sturgeon yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog xav tias nws tuaj yeem nyob txog 50 xyoo. Cov neeg loj tshaj plaws hnyav txog 25 kilograms, thaum lub cev nruab nrab yog li 15-20 kg. Nws yog tsim nyog them sai sai rau qhov tseeb hais tias sturgeon yug me nyuam tau tshwm sim txog 70 xyoo dhau los. Txij thaum ntawd los, qhov haujlwm no tsis tau poob nws qhov cuam tshuam.

Qee yam ntawm kev lag luam

Ua ntej pib koj tus kheej ua lag luam, nws raug nquahu kom koj paub koj tus kheej nrog tag nrho nws cov yam ntxwv. Kev yug me nyuam sturgeon yog qhov zoo vim tias cov khoom siv ntses yog qhov xav tau zoo thiab koj yuav tsis muaj teeb meem nrhiav qhov muag. Cov no tuaj yeem yog cov khw noj mov hauv nroog, khw muag tsiaj thiab khw muag ntses. Lwm lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yog tias txawm hais tias qhov kev sib tw ntawm no tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav, tseem tsis muaj overabundance ntawm cov khoom no. Qhov tseeb, koj tuaj yeem muag sturgeon ua liaj ua teb yam tsis muaj teeb meem.

Tsis tas yuav nqis peev ntau npaum li koj tsis tas pib nrog ntses ntau. Nws tuaj yeem yog ib puas lossis ob puas tus neeg. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis txhob yuav kib. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias nyob rau hauv no txoj kev koj yuav tau tos txog 5-6 xyoo kom txog rau thaum cov poj niam pib spatula. Yog li ntawd, kev yug me nyuam sturgeon yuav tsum pib nrog kev yuav khoom ntawm cov neeg laus los ntawm 8 xyoo. Vim tias hom ntses no tsis xav tau tshwj xeeb rau kev pub mis thiab tu, yuav tsum tsis muaj teeb meem.

Xaiv chav

Thaum thawj theem, koj yuav tsum xaiv qhov chaw uas koj yuav yug sturgeon. Nws tuaj yeem yog chav tsev nrog thaj tsam ntawm 30 squares. Cov qhov ntev no yog vim qhov tseeb tias koj xav taunruab ib lub pas dej ua ke. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua kom muaj teeb pom kev zoo, cua sov, nruab ib lub kav dej thiab muab dej. Yog tias tag nrho cov no twb muaj lawm, ces koj tsis muaj teeb meem dab tsi.

Thaum muaj hluav taws xob tawm, koj yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg ib lub tshuab hluav taws xob khiav. Lwm qhov kev nthuav dav tseem ceeb yog tias Siberian sturgeon tsis zam kev ntxhov siab zoo, thiab tseem yog cov ntses txaj muag, yog li xyuas kom tsis txhob muaj suab nrov nyob ze, xws li txoj kev lossis cov chaw pej xeem. Interestingly, tsev neeg sturgeon tsis xav tau teeb pom kev zoo, ntxiv rau, ntau lub teeb muaj qhov cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau cov ntses feem ntau.

Yuav ua li cas xaiv cov thawv

Ntawm no koj muaj ob txoj kev xaiv: cog ntses hauv pas dej lossis pas dej. Qhov twg xaiv yog nyob ntawm koj. Tab sis cia peb tham txog txhua yam hauv kev nthuav dav ntxiv. Nyob rau hauv thawj ob peb, nws yog advisable mus yug me nyuam sturgeon nyob rau hauv lub pas dej ua ke. Ib lub thawv yas nrog txoj kab uas hla ntawm 2 meters thiab qhov tob ntawm 80 centimeters yog haum. Txog li ib tuj ntawm sturgeon tuaj yeem ntes tau los ntawm lub pas dej li no hauv ib xyoos. Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias koj muaj sijhawm thiab xav tau, koj tuaj yeem tsim lub thawv koj tus kheej. Tab sis muaj qee qhov me me nuances ntawm no. Piv txwv li, ntses ntawm qhov hnyav sib txawv yuav tsum nyob hauv cov pas dej sib txawv. Kev faib tawm yog raws li hauv qab no:

• tus neeg txog li 300 grams - pas dej 1.5 metres hauv txoj kab uas hla, 80 cm tob;
• sturgeons los ntawm 300 grams mus rau 2 kg - ib lub pas dej nrog txoj kab uas hla ntawm 2.2 meters, qhov tob ntawm 100-120 cm;
• cais ntim rau larvae hnyav txog li 5 grams. Nws raug nquahu kom siv cov tais diav nrog qhov tob ntawm 0.5 metersthiab ntev 2.2 meters.

Tab sis txij li cov neeg Lavxias teb sab sturgeon tsis yog ntau dhau ntawm cov xwm txheej ntawm kev raug kaw, kev sib txawv me ntsis ntawm cov qauv raug tso cai. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tswj hwm kev huv, nrog rau qhov zoo ntawm qhov kub ntawm +2 txog +27, tsuas yog tsim nyog. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib hlis ib zaug koj yuav tsum mob siab rau ib hnub rau kev txheeb cov ntses. Yuav ua li cas, koj yuav pom me ntsis tom qab.

Txoj kev khaws cia hauv lub pas dej

Yog tias koj, ua ib tus neeg ua lag luam tshiab, muaj sijhawm los khaws ntses hauv lub pas dej, ces nws zoo dua ua li ntawd. Koj tuaj yeem txuag ntawm cov khoom siv thiab muab cov ntses nrog cov kev mob zoo. Tab sis ua ntej tso lub sturgeon, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav cov dej, ntxuav hauv qab thiab npog nws nrog txiv qaub. Tom qab ntawd cov txiv qaub yog ntxuav tawm thiab lub pas dej puv nrog dej huv. Tom qab ntawd lub Lavxias teb sab sturgeon tuaj yeem raug tso tawm. Ntses yuav tsum nrhiav zaub mov, yog li cog hauv qab nrog algae, shellfish, worms, thiab lwm yam. Tag nrho cov no yuav tsum tau ua tam sim ntawd tom qab ntxuav lub reservoir.

Cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo tso cov ntses li 2 lub hlis tom qab koj sau lub pas dej huv. Lub sijhawm no, algae yuav muaj sijhawm loj hlob, thiab mollusks yuav loj dua. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tso cov ntses nyob rau lub sijhawm sov, nws tuaj yeem yog lub caij nplooj zeeg lig lossis thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Los ntawm txoj kev, qee zaum (thaum lub caij ntuj no hnyav) qhov teeb meem ntawm lub caij ntuj no yog mob hnyav. Thaum lub caij ntuj sov, kom cov ntses tsis corny khov, sim hloov mus rau hauv pas dej.

Siberian sturgeon: nta ntawm kev pub thiab kev saib xyuas

hom ntses no xav tau zoo nyob hauvdej txias (hauv qab 13 degrees). Qhov no me ntsis simplifies nws yug me nyuam. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias sturgeons tsis picky txog zaub mov. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv yuav tsum tau noj kom zoo thiab raws sijhawm. Periodicity plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Yog li, tus neeg laus ntses yuav tsum tau muab zaub mov 4 zaug hauv ib hnub ntawm ib ntus, uas yog, txhua 6 teev. Fry yuav tsum tau pub txhua plaub teev. Hom no yuav tshem tawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ntxhov siab hauv cov ntses thiab tsis kam noj. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, koj yuav tsum nkag siab tias sturgeon kib yuav tsum tsis txhob noj tib yam li cov neeg laus. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom noj yuav tsum muaj qhov hnyav hnyav thiab poob rau hauv qab. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias cov sturgeon nyob rau hauv qus noj los ntawm lub hauv qab.

Thaum yuav khoom noj, koj muaj ntau txoj kev xaiv. Ib tug ntawm lawv yog siv cov khoom txawv teb chaws, uas txawv nyob rau hauv uas lawv muaj ib tug high feed coefficient. Tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov analogues hauv tsev uas tsis tshua kim, txawm li cas los xij, lawv QC qis dua. Zoo, koj tuaj yeem ua rau koj tus kheej noj. Tib lub sijhawm, tsuas yog koj tswj hwm QC. Tsis txhob hnov qab tias tus nqi ntawm qhov hnyav nce, nrog rau cov xwm txheej ntawm cov ntses tag nrho, nyob ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus zoo. Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj xav kom Siberian sturgeon loj hlob sai thiab muab cov xeeb ntxwv zoo, koj yuav tsum ua kom zoo noj. Cov protein ntau yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 50%, thiab cov roj crude yuav tsum tsawg kawg yog 20%.

Yuav ua li cas tu cov kib?

Yuav kom cov neeg tuag nyob rau hauv qhov kev lees paub, nws yuav tsum tau saib xyuas cov ntses kom zoo. Raws li tau hais los saum no, Lavxias sturgeon -cov ntses yog picky, tab sis qhov no tsis txhais tau tias koj tsis tas yuav hloov cov dej hauv pas dej. Yog tias cov dej los ntawm tus kais dej, nruab ib lub lim dej kom tshem cov chlorine. Kwv yees li 2 zaug hauv ib lub lis piam, tshem tawm 15% ntawm cov dej.

Cov ntses yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas txhua lub hlis. Yog li ntawd, cov neeg loj yuav tsum tau cog rau hauv ib lub pas dej sib cais, thiab kib yuav tsum tau tso tseg kom loj hlob. Kev txheeb xyuas raws sijhawm yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Yog tias koj tsis tso cov ntses hauv lub sijhawm, cov neeg loj yuav pib noj me me. Txhawm rau kom cov lag luam tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm thawj lub hlis, nws raug nquahu kom yuav kib hauv khw tshwj xeeb. Txoj kev no koj tuaj yeem zam ntau yam teeb meem. Ntau tus neeg ua lag luam txo qis kev tuag ntawm cov ntses los ntawm kev hla (hybrids). Ib qho piv txwv zoo yog Lavxias-Lena sturgeon.

Yuav ua li cas muaj txiaj ntsig yog sturgeon yug me nyuam

Thawj yam uas nyiam cov neeg ua lag luam pib yog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev lag luam thiab nws lub sijhawm them rov qab. Cia peb suav tag nrho cov ntsiab lus hauv kev txiav txim. Raws li kev txheeb cais, nrog 1,500-2,000 kib, koj tuaj yeem tau txais ib tuj ntawm sturgeon muag. Qhov nruab nrab, ib qho kib yuav raug nqi 12-13 rubles, yog li ntawd, peb yuav siv li 20,000 rubles rau kev yuav khoom.

Dhau li ntawm no, yuav tsum muab ntses nrog zaub mov. Nws raug nquahu kom ua kev yuav khoom rau tag nrho lub sijhawm loj hlob, uas yuav raug nqi txog 70 txhiab rubles. Tus nqi hluav taws xob siv yuav txawv, raws li txoj cai, koj yuav tsum siv tsis pub ntau tshaj 15 txhiab rubles rau tag nrho lub sijhawm. Yog li, peb cov nuj nqis yog 105 txhiab rubles. Raws li qhov no, peb tau txais tus nqi,kwv yees li ntawm 105 rubles. Piv txwv li, Amur sturgeon yog zoo heev muag rau cov khw nojmov rau 500 rubles ib kilogram. Yog li peb muaj cov nyiaj tau los ntawm 395 rubles. Yog li, hauv ib xyoos koj tuaj yeem khwv tau txog 400,000 rubles. Tab sis nco ntsoov tias koj yuav tau siv nyiaj tas li rau zaub mov, hluav taws xob, dej, khoom siv ntxiv, thiab lwm yam.

Ib tug tseem ceeb heev rau tus neeg ua lag luam

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias qee zaum poj niam cev xeeb tub sai dua li koj tuaj yeem nthuav thaj tsam ntawm koj lub pas dej. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lo lus nug ntawm qhov twg yuav muab lub caviar yog mob. Tau kawg, feem ntau yuav muag nws, thiab yog li ntawd. Qhov ntawd yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau koj ua. Tab sis koj yuav tsum nkag siab tias tus poj niam sturgeon tuag tom qab yug me nyuam. Yog li ntawd, cov pej xeem ntawm cov neeg laus hauv koj lub pas dej yuav poob qis heev. Tab sis tsis ntev dhau los, kev tshawb fawb tau ua tiav uas ua rau nws tuaj yeem tso cov ntses kom tsaug zog, ua ib qho me me ntawm lub plab thiab nyem tawm cov qe. Tom qab ntawd ib qho me me suture tau thov, raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm ib tug poj niam coj qe ntau tshaj 10 zaug. Koj tuaj yeem siv txoj hauv kev no thiab. Nco ntsoov tias ib tug sturgeon nyob muaj nqis ntau dua tus tuag.

Ib co lus nthuav dav

Ib tus dej nplua nuj tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws Russia yog Urals. Lavxias teb sab sturgeon muaj nyob rau hauv ntau ntawm no. Txawm li cas los xij, kev txwv tsis pub nuv ntses tsis raug cai. Tab sis nws tsis yog nyuaj heev los xaus daim ntawv tso cai rau ib tuj ntawm cov neeg laus ntses. Ntseeg kuv, cov nyiaj tau nqis peev yuav them nrog paj, vim hais tias muaj li ntawm 10 tus poj niam koj yuav tau txais ntau tshaj qhov koj siv. Tau kawg nws yuav tsis tshwm sim tam sim ntawd.yog li koj yuav tau tos.

Dab tsi ntxiv uas tsim nyog hais yog cov ntses nyiam mob. Feem ntau qhov ua rau yog dej tsis huv. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob nce kev tuag, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog uas Lavxias sturgeon, daim duab uas koj tuaj yeem pom hauv kab lus no, raug cais tawm ntawm lwm hom.

Zoo kawg

Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, kev yug me nyuam sturgeon yog ib qho kev nthuav qhia zoo rau kev pib koj tus kheej ua lag luam. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj yuav kib, cov nqi yuav tsis them tam sim ntawd. Ntawm chav kawm, ntau nyob ntawm cov xwm txheej ntawm kev khaws cov ntses, tab sis txawm tias qhov no, sturgeons loj hlob qeeb heev, nco ntsoov qhov no. Cov neeg laus uas tau txais Lavxias teb sab sturgeon, daim duab uas txawv ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas, yuav them sai dua, tab sis cov nqi hauv qhov no yuav siab dua. Ntawm no, hauv paus ntsiab lus, thiab tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm lub ncauj lus no. Kev yug me nyuam sturgeon yog ib qho yooj yim thiab pheej yig. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog los tsim cov kev mob tsim nyog thiab tsuas yog tos, mob siab rau tsis pub ntau tshaj 3 teev hauv ib hnub los saib xyuas lub pas dej thiab ntses. Thiab ib hlis ib zaug, mob siab rau ib hnub los txheeb cov ntses.