Macassar Strait: lub tshuab ntawm nws txoj kev tsim, nws qhov tseem ceeb hauv keeb kwm

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:47

Nruab nrab ntawm cov Islands tuaj ntawm Borneo (Kalimantan) thiab Sulawesi hauv Indonesia yog Strait of Makassar, qhov chaw muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv nkoj hauv xyoo 1942. Nyob rau sab qaum teb nws txuas nrog Celebes Hiav Txwv, thiab nyob rau sab qab teb - mus rau Java Hiav Txwv. Tus dej Mahakam ntws los ntawm Borneo thiab ntws mus rau hauv strait. Nrog nws yog cov chaw nres nkoj ntawm Balikpapan, Makassar thiab Palu. Lub nroog Samarinda nyob 48 km (30 mais) txog Mahakam. Txoj kev hla dej hiav txwv yog ib txoj kev thauj mus los rau cov nkoj hla hiav txwv loj dhau mus hla Strait of Malacca.

Txoj kev ua haujlwm

Qhov chaw ntawm Makassar Strait nyob rau hauv "av av ntawm ib txhiab Islands tuaj" tseem yog ib qho kev sib cav loj. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau tawm tswv yim ntau qhov kev xav los piav qhia nws qhov kev hloov pauv. Tsuas yog kev pom zoo ntawm cov kev xav no yog tias ob lub Islands tuaj ib zaug nyob ze rau ib leeg, thiab nws yog lawvkev sib cais yog txuam nrog qhov tshwm sim ntawm Makassar Strait. Txawm li cas los xij, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txav mus los thiab hnub nyoog ntawm cov txheej txheem no tseem tsis to taub.

Nyob rau sab hnub poob, lub strait cais qhov ruaj khov ntawm Eurasian Phaj los ntawm thaj chaw muaj zog heev ntawm kev sib tshuam ntawm peb daim phiaj loj nyob rau sab hnub tuaj. Qhov dav yog kwv yees li 100-300 km, thiab qhov ntev yog 710 km. Lub cheeb tsam yog conditionally muab faib mus rau sab qaum teb thiab Southern Makassar bass, sib cais los ntawm ib tug geological txhaum. Cov keeb kwm ntawm cov khoom siv thaj chaw no tau kawm siv computer reconstruction ntawm seismic txheej txheem thiab cov qauv ntawm cov phaj txav, nrog rau kev sau cov ntaub ntawv geological. Lub phiab tau paub tias muaj cov txheej txheem ua tiav loj ntawm cov khoom qub Neogene thiab tej zaum Paleogene deposits.

Tus qauv ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov strait vim kev sib cais kuj tau tham txog. Cov kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no qhia tau hais tias Makassar Strait tau tsim los ntawm txoj kab ntsug ntawm cov dej hiav txwv dej hiav txwv sab hnub tuaj ntawm sab hnub poob Sulawesi. Qhov kev poob qis no tau tsav los ntawm kev nthuav dav thiab tawg ntawm sab av loj saum toj ntawm thaj chaw subduction ntawm qhov chaw cuam tshuam dhau los, uas ua rau nws tshwm sim.

Lub zog thiab ciam teb

Lub koom haum International Hydrographic (IHO) txhais lub Makassar Strait li dag nyob rau hauv East Indian archipelagic dej. Cov kev txwv ntawm lub strait yog hu ua channel ntawm sab hnub poob ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Sulawesi, yav tas los hu ua Celebes, thiab sab hnub tuaj ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Borneo. Nyob rau sab qaum teb, ciam teb khiav raws txoj kab txuas ntawm Tanjong Mangkalihat (TanjungMangkalihat) thiab Cape River, tseem hu ua Stroomen Kaap, hauv Celebes. Lub strait yog bounded los ntawm ib txoj kab zoo sib xws nyob rau sab qab teb.

Meaning in history

Lub Strait ntawm Makassar nkag mus rau keeb kwm nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua puv 19, thaum Wallace (1864) tso Wallace Line raws tus ntug dej hiav txwv. Qhov tshwj xeeb no yog thaj tsam ntawm biodiversity ntawm Asian fauna nyob rau sab hnub poob thiab Australian fauna nyob rau sab hnub tuaj thiab sab qab teb.

Lub Makassar Strait yog txoj kev dej tob uas nyob nruab nrab ntawm ntau cov Islands tuaj, suav nrog Sebuku thiab Lauth. Balikpapan yog qhov chaw loj tshaj plaws nyob rau ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Borneo, thiab cov kob ntawm Makassar, tseem hu ua Ujungpandang, yog qhov loj tshaj plaws pom nyob rau ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv Celebes.

Nyob rau xyoo 1942, nyob rau hauv dej ntawm lub phiab, ib tug Japanese naval ntoj ke mus kawm tau tawm tsam cov tub rog ua ke ntawm Tebchaws Meskas thiab Dutch cov tub rog. Kev tsov rog txuas ntxiv rau tsib hnub, tab sis cov phoojywg tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv Nyij Pooj tsaws ntawm Balikpapan.

Sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Flores Hiav txwv

Kev Sib Tw ntawm Makassar Strait tau tshwm sim thaum Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog II. Nws yog lub npe hu los ntawm lwm lub npe: Kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Flores Hiav Txwv lossis kev ua ntawm Madura Strait. Thaum kawg ntawm Lub Ib Hlis Ntuj xyoo 1942, cov tub rog Nyij Pooj tau tuav tswj hwm thaj tsam sab hnub poob thiab sab qaum teb ntawm Borneo thiab thaj chaw loj ntawm Muluku. Nyob rau sab hnub tuaj ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Borneo, cov tub rog tub rog nyob hauv cov chaw nres nkoj thiab cov chaw roj ntawm Tarakan thiab Balikpapan; nyob rau sab ntawm Celebes, lub nroog Kendari thiab Menado raug ntes. Txawm li cas los xij, rau kev tswj hwm tag nrho ntawm Makassar Strait, lub nroog ntawm Benjarmasin thiab Makassar tseem nyob.

Lub Ob Hlis 1, 1942, cov tub rog sib tw tau txais cov lus hais tias lub dav hlau tshawb nrhiav Nyij Pooj tau nkag mus rau Balikpapan. Cov neeg Nyij Pooj muaj peb lub nkoj nkoj, 10 lub nkoj tua hluav taws thiab 20 lub nkoj thauj khoom npaj caij nkoj. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Tebchaws Meskas thiab nws cov phoojywg (Holland) nrog cov yeeb ncuab yog kev tawm tsam ntawm kev tawm tsam. Cov neeg Nyij Pooj tau tuav tswj hwm ntawm Makassar Strait, yog li txhawb lawv txoj haujlwm nyob rau thaj tsam sab hnub poob ntawm Dutch East Indies.