Kant Tsev khaws puav pheej hauv Kaliningrad: chaw nyob, sijhawm qhib, nthuav tawm

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Kant Tsev khaws puav pheej hauv Kaliningrad: chaw nyob, sijhawm qhib, nthuav tawm
Kant Tsev khaws puav pheej hauv Kaliningrad: chaw nyob, sijhawm qhib, nthuav tawm

Video: Kant Tsev khaws puav pheej hauv Kaliningrad: chaw nyob, sijhawm qhib, nthuav tawm

Video: Kant Tsev khaws puav pheej hauv Kaliningrad: chaw nyob, sijhawm qhib, nthuav tawm
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Nyob hauv plawv nroog, ntawm cov kob ntawm Kant, hauv Cathedral yog ib qho chaw nto moo tshaj plaws. Nyob hauv nroog thiab tsis mus xyuas nws yog qhov yuam kev loj. Peb tab tom tham txog Kant Tsev khaws puav pheej hauv Kaliningrad. Nrog lub npe ntawm German philosopher, uas yug, nyob thiab tuag nyob rau hauv lub qub Koenigsberg, ntau yog txuas nrog rau cov chaw no. Tom qab rov qab kho cov tsev uas raug puas tsuaj los ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog, Kaliningraders tau tswj xyuas qhov peculiarity thiab originality ntawm cov khoom keeb kwm cuam tshuam nrog lub npe no.

Nyob hauv nco txog Kant

Tus kws tshawb fawb zoo Koenigsberg, uas tsim kev tshawb fawb niaj hnub no, tau tswj hwm "qhib qhov muag" ntawm lub ntiaj teb, piav qhia tus neeg xav li cas. Nws tau ua pov thawj rau tag nrho lub ntiaj teb kev tshawb fawb tias kev paub thiab yog vim li cas ua lub luag haujlwm tshwj xeeb thiab tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem no. Vim qhov tseeb tias tib neeg kev nco qab yog txwv, nws tsis tuaj yeem cais qhov tseeb ntawm cov ntawv tseeb, thiab yog li kev tshawb fawb yuav tsum yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tau txais. Qhov no yogtau los ua lub cav ntawm ntau qhov kev tshawb pom.

Image
Image

Rau cov kws tshawb fawb, keeb kwm, xav txog cov neeg ntiaj teb, lub npe Kant txhais tau hais tias ntau hauv ntiaj teb kev tshawb fawb, thiab rau Kaliningraders, tus kws tshawb fawb zoo tau dhau los ua neeg ntseeg thiab muaj kev txaus siab. Muaj ob lub tsev khaws puav pheej rau cov kws tshawb fawb hauv nroog: ntawm cov kob uas muaj npe tom qab nws thiab ntawm B altic University of Kaliningrad (yav tas los "Albertina"). Tsis ntev los no, lwm lub tsev khaws puav pheej tau qhib hauv lub zos Veselovka. Lub tsev kawm ntawv dais lub npe ntawm Kant, nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub monument rau tus kws tshawb fawb tau tsim. Ntawm lub ntxa ntawm tus neeg txawj ntse, ze ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub Cathedral, cov paj tshiab dag.

Kant Island

Lub sijhawm nws keeb kwm, cov kob ntawm tus Dej Pregel tau hloov nws lub npe, qhov tsos thiab lub hom phiaj ob peb zaug. Xyoo 1327, nws tau txais cov xwm txheej ntawm lub nroog, dhau los ua ib qho ntawm peb qhov uas tsim Koenigsberg. Nws qhov chaw tau yooj yim heev rau kev txhim kho kev lag luam, vim muaj ob qho tib si kev thauj mus los hauv dej thiab thaj av. Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm cov kob yeej ib txwm muaj ntau lub choj txuas nrog av.

Kant Island
Kant Island

Hnub no muaj ib lub tiaj ua si zoo nkauj heev, ib qho uas tau mus xyuas tshaj plaws hauv nroog. Ntau tshaj li ib txhiab hom ntoo, tsob ntoo thiab paj tau cog rau ntawm nws txoj kev.

Kanta Island Sculpture Park

Txij thaum xyoo 1984, lub tiaj ua si sculpture tau nyob rau sab hnub poob ntawm cov kob. Hais txog peb caug sau, busts thiab monuments rau cov duab zoo ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kos duab raug ntsia ntawm no. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov kob yog lub tsev loj tshaj plaws ntawm Cathedral, uas, ntawm lwm yam khoom nthuav, yog tsev Kant Tsev khaws puav pheej hauv Kaliningrad.

Cathedral

Nws paub tias lub tsev ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj Lutheran hauv zos, raws li nws tau npaj los ua, tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 1333 thiab siv sijhawm 80 xyoo los tsim. Ua ntej lub Koom Txoos Reformation, nws yog lub Koom Txoos Catholic tseem ceeb hauv nroog, thiab kuj yog lub tsev teev ntuj Lutheran ntawm Prussia.

Kev puas tsuaj loj heev los ntawm kev foob pob xyoo 1945, nws tau sawv hauv qhov puas tsuaj tau ntev. Nws kev kho dua tshiab tau pib thaum xyoo 90s ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem.

Cathedral
Cathedral

Lub Cathedral niaj hnub no zoo nkauj thiab majestic. Cov tsos ntawm lub tsev yog inextricably txuas nrog lub nroog nws tus kheej, raws li nws cov duab yog feem ntau luam tawm nyob rau hauv cov phau ntawv, phau ntawv qhia, cov ntawv xov xwm, ua rau nws ib tug cim ntawm Kaliningrad. Cov neeg kho vaj tse tau khaws cia B altic Gothic style ntawm lub tsev, uas txawv nws ntawm lwm yam khoom hauv nroog.

Hnub no nws yog ib lub chaw muaj ntau yam kab lis kev cai. Muaj ob lub tsev hais plaub nrog cov kabmob, Orthodox thiab Evangelical chapels, nrog rau Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Immanuel Kant thiab Cathedral hauv Kaliningrad.

German Philosopher

Tag nrho lub neej ntawm Immanuel Kant tau siv hauv Koenigsberg. Ntawm no nws tau yug los rau hauv ib tsev neeg txom nyem ntawm ib tug kws kos duab, kawm nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm lub tsev kho mob ntawm St. George, kawm tiav los ntawm lub prestigious Friedrich-Collegium gymnasium, nkag mus hauv tsev kawm ntawv. Leej txiv qhia tus me nyuam ua lub neej, thiab leej niam, muab kev noj qab haus huv ntawm nws tus tub, sim ua kom nws tau txais kev kawm zoo.

Bust ntawm Kant
Bust ntawm Kant

Lub sijhawm ntawd, lub tsev kawm ntawv muaj plaub lub tsev kawm ntawv. Nws tsis paub tias leej twg ntawm lawv yav tom ntej zoo philosopher nkag mus, dab tsi science nws nyiam mus kawm nyob rau theem ntawm nws txoj kev ua neej. Tab sis tsis muaj leej twgtawm tsam qhov tseeb hais tias nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv ib tug ntawm Kant tus kws qhia ntawv yog Martin Knutzen, tus txiv neej uas sawv nyob rau hauv nws cov tub ntxhais kawm muaj kev txaus siab rau lub tswv yim. Lub sijhawm no, nws tau lees paub sau nws thawj txoj haujlwm loj. Tab sis nws yuav tsum tau so ntawm nws txoj kev kawm: nws niam nws txiv tuag, thiab nws yuav tsum tau khwv tau nyiaj. Nws tau so los ntawm kev kawm rau 10 xyoo, dhau los ua tus kws qhia hauv tsev, tsiv mus rau Yudshen (Veselovka), qhov twg hnub no muaj lwm lub tsev Kant tsev-tsev cia puav pheej hauv Kaliningrad tau qhib.

Tiv thaiv kev tshaj tawm, tau txais daim ntawv kawm tiav qib siab thiab muaj cai qhia hauv tsev kawm qib siab poob rau xyoo 1755. Nyob rau xyoo tom ntej, nws tau sau cov kev xav zoo uas ua rau nws lub npe nrov thoob plaws ntiaj teb.

Cathedral Museum

Ib qho qub kauv staircase ua rau cov neeg tuaj saib mus rau hauv pem teb thib ob ntawm Cathedral, los ntawm qhov chaw kuaj mob rau Koenigsberg pib. Cov khoom pov thawj qhia txog keeb kwm ntawm Kneiphof Island (Kant Island), cov tub rog tuaj ntawm Knights ntawm Teutonic Order, kev tsim ntawm Konigsberg fortress los ntawm peb lub nroog ze. Cov qauv ntawm Prussian vaj tse, cov khoom siv hauv tsev thiab, thaum kawg, tus qauv loj ntawm lub nroog tau tsim nrog kev txawj ntse, cov kws tshaj lij ua haujlwm rau lawv.

Organ Kant
Organ Kant

Lub fortifications ntawm Koenigsberg kuj tau ua tib zoo ua, uas muaj kev saib xyuas ntau, txij li lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lub nroog tsim yog fortress tiv thaiv los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab.

Kev kho dua tshiab ntawm Cathedral los ntawm cov ruins tom qab Tsov Rog Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb yog qhov nthuav thiab tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev nthuav tawm. Ob peb lub tsev nyobpuas los ntawm kev foob pob. Niaj hnub nimno Kaliningrad yog ib lub nroog yuav luag rov tsim dua tom qab tsov rog.

Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm cov kob

Chav tsev thib peb thiab plaub yog mob siab rau lub neej thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb, uas tau sau tseg rau nws qhov tsis tshua muaj kev qhuab qhia thiab cov sijhawm ua haujlwm nruj. Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej Kant hauv Kaliningrad muaj cov khoom pov thawj tsawg uas lees paub qhov no.

Ntawm no cov qhua yuav hnov cov lus piav qhia txog cov kws tshawb fawb tsev neeg, kev txom nyem uas nws tau tawm tsam, tus tub hluas txoj kev xav paub thiab cov niam txiv txoj kev mob siab rau kev kawm zoo rau tus menyuam. Koj tuaj yeem kawm tau ntau yam nthuav dav txog tus neeg laus Kant: yuav ua li cas nws tsim kev sib raug zoo nrog cov tub ntxhais kawm thiab cov npoj yaig, qhov nws suav tias yog qhov tseem ceeb, tus cwj pwm thiab qhov tsis zoo uas nws muaj.

Chav nyob
Chav nyob

Tus kws tshawb fawb zoo siab rau cov neeg sib tham zoo thiab hwm cov neeg txawj ntse. Tau dhau los ua tus tswv ntawm lub tsev, nws tau qhia txog kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Kantian noj hmo, qhov chaw uas nws tau caw cov qhua los ntawm nws qhov kev xav. Nws, nco txog lub sijhawm nyuaj rau nws tus kheej, nrog kev txaus siab sib npaug tau ua rau lawv noj mov yooj yim thiab zoo siab thiab coj kev sib tham philosophical. Qhov no yog pov thawj los ntawm ib qho ntawm cov duab ntawm Kant Tsev khaws puav pheej hauv Kaliningrad, ib daim duab uas tau nthuav tawm hauv tsab xov xwm. Ntau cov khoom pov thawj tau mob siab rau "Albertina". Qhov twg nws kawm tiav ces qhia mus tas nws lub neej.

Noj hmo ntawm Kant's
Noj hmo ntawm Kant's

Lub qhov rais ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov iav qhov rai uas piav txog cov cim Masonic, cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej tau mloog zoo rau cov kev lis kev cai ntawm Masonic cov koom haum ntawm 18th-19th centuries. Lub memorial Hall ua tiav qhov kev ncig xyuas ntawm lub tsev cia puav pheej. Lub npog ntsej muag tuag yog khaws cia hauv chav no.tus kws tshawb fawb zoo heev.

Lub ntxa ntawm Immanuel Kant

Kant, tus kws tshawb fawb nto moo thoob ntiaj teb, yeej tsis tau ncaim nws lub nroog mus. Nws raug faus rau ntawm cov kob ntawm Kant, nyob ze ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub Cathedral, uas rau qee lub sij hawm yog lub nroog loj faus qhov chaw rau cov nom tswv hauv zos. Lub ntees tuag ntawm Immanuel Kant ua tiav txoj haujlwm ntawm nws.

Kant lub ntxa
Kant lub ntxa

Rau qhov ntxa ntawm tus tsim ntawm German classical philosophy, cov neeg qhuas ntawm nws cov haujlwm tseem mus. Lawv muab cov tshauv ntawm lawv tus xib hwb ua lub thaj neeb, ua ib yam kev mus ua kev mus rau qhov chaw nws faus.

Creation of Kant's txee-museum ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv

Nyob rau hauv kev ua koob tsheej nco txog 250th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm kev yug me nyuam ntawm tus kws txawj ntse, cov kws qhia ntawv ntawm Kaliningrad University tau thov kom tsim ib qho kev kawm-tsev cia puav pheej ntawm lawv lub teb chaws nto moo ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv. Xyoo 1974, nws tau txais kev txhawb nqa ntawm lub rooj sib tham ntawm Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Kawm, cov neeg ua haujlwm raug xaiv, thiab tom qab ntawd Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas ntawm lub koom haum raug xaiv. Rau qhov yooj yim ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm nyob rau hauv nws cov phab ntsa, cov sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm Kant Tsev khaws puav pheej tau pom zoo. Chaw nyob hauv Kaliningrad: A. Nevsky txoj kev, 14a. Koj tuaj yeem tuaj xyuas nws txhua hnub thaum 10 teev sawv ntxov txog 6 teev tsaus ntuj, hnub so poob rau thawj hnub ntawm txhua xyoo.

Kev kawm-tsev cia puav pheej uas pib nws txoj haujlwm tau teeb tsa nws tus kheej cov haujlwm hauv qab no:

  1. kawm thiab txhawb nqa tej hauj lwm ntawm Immanuel Kant;
  2. Tshawb nrhiav, kawm, yuav cov khoom pov thawj tshiab cuam tshuam nrog lub npe ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb;
  3. pej xeem nyeem ntawm nws txoj haujlwm.

Ua kev zoo siab rau hnub tseem ceeb ntawm tsev kawm ntawv, tus qauv ntawm lub txee-tsev cia puav pheej tau nthuav dav, cov khoom pov thawj tshiab tau yuav,tshiab, tsev cia puav pheej ntawm Kant hauv Kaliningrad. Hauv nws phab ntsa, cov tub ntxhais kawm tau txais kev cob qhia ua haujlwm, koom nrog kev coj noj coj ua ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv, thiab txhais cov haujlwm los ntawm lwm yam lus.

Lub tsev ntawm cov neeg muaj koob meej hauv Veselovka

Nyob rau hauv 2018, nyob rau hauv lub zos ntawm Veselovka, tsis deb ntawm Kaliningrad, lub Kant Tsev-Tsev Tsev khaws puav pheej, uas nws cov duab tau npog nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov nto moo magazine, qhib nws lub qhov rooj tom qab ib tug dav renovation. Lub ruins nyob rau hauv lub dhau los no tsis ntev los no, uas hem yuav vau kiag li, tau hais los ntawm cov ruins thiab tig mus rau hauv ib lub tsev uas adorned lub zos. Thawj kauj ruam los txhim kho keeb kwm monument tau txhawb nqa los ntawm Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm Lavxias V. V. Putin.

tsev tsev cia puav pheej
tsev tsev cia puav pheej

Cov kws tshaj lij hais tias nws tsim nyog dua rau lub tsev haujlwm tshiab hu ua qhov chaw ua haujlwm ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb. Ntawm no Immanuel Kant nyob los ntawm kev quab yuam txij li xyoo 1747 tau peb xyoos, qhia peb tus me nyuam ntawm tus pov thawj hauv zos. Kuv tsis muaj nyiaj txaus rau kuv txoj kev kawm. Tab sis nws nyob hauv cov phab ntsa no uas nws muaj sijhawm los kawm ntau yam kev tshawb fawb thiab sau nws thawj zaug, ua haujlwm loj.

Kev kho dua tshiab tau pib xyoo 2017. Lub facade ntawm lub tsev, vov tsev thiab kab teeb tau hloov tag nrho. Cov tshiab tau muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub qab nthab. Cov txwj laus tau khaws cia sab hauv lub tsev, uas yog cov ntaiv, qhov cub, qhov rooj. Lub tsev haus luam yeeb tau rov qab los lawm.

Cov khoom pov thawj hauv tsev cia puav pheej tshiab tuaj tsis yog los ntawm Kaliningrad nkaus xwb. Cov npoj yaig ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv tsev cia puav pheej los ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees tau koom tes hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kev nthuav tawm tshiab, hloov cov ntawv los ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb los ntawm Berlin, Munich thiab Frankfurt mus rau lawv cov khoom sau.

Yuav ua li cas kom tau los ntawm Kaliningrad mus rau Kant Tsev khaws puav pheej hauv Veselovka? Zosyog nyob txog ib puas kilometers ntawm lub nroog. Lub tsheb thauj mus los yuav siv li ob teev xwb.

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