Anti-aircraft missile system "Cube": keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim, piav qhia, yam ntxwv

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Anti-aircraft missile system "Cube": keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim, piav qhia, yam ntxwv
Anti-aircraft missile system "Cube": keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim, piav qhia, yam ntxwv

Video: Anti-aircraft missile system "Cube": keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim, piav qhia, yam ntxwv

Video: Anti-aircraft missile system
Video: How to make an Anti Aircraft Missile Launcher 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
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Nyob rau hauv txhua lub xeev, tshwj xeeb anti-aircraft missile systems (SAM) yog muab los tiv thaiv huab cua ntxeem tau. Thaum Lub Xya Hli 18, 1958, raws li tsab cai lij choj ntawm Central Committee ntawm CPSU, kev tsim kho ntawm Kub huab cua tiv thaiv kab ke pib ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Instrument Engineering. Lub tshuab foob pob hluav taws xob tiv thaiv dav hlau tau tsim los tiv thaiv cov tub rog hauv av thiab cov tub rog sib cais los ntawm kev tawm tsam huab cua los ntawm kev rhuav tshem cov yeeb ncuab lub hom phiaj ntawm qhov nruab nrab thiab qhov siab qis.

anti-aircraft missile system cube
anti-aircraft missile system cube

Dab tsi yog Soviet huab cua tiv thaiv kab mob?

"Cube" - ib qho kev tiv thaiv dav hlau cuaj luaj, muaj cov khoom siv tub rog:

  • 3M9 tiv thaiv dav hlau coj missile.
  • Tus kheej-propelled unit ua kev soj ntsuam thiab kev taw qhia (1C91).
  • Tus kheej-propelled launcher 2P25.

Leej twg tau koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov tshuab tiv thaiv huab cua hauv USSR?

Txhua yam khoom siv tub rog,suav nrog nyob rau hauv anti-aircraft missile system "Cube", tau tsim nyias. Txhua qhov chaw tau muab nws tus kheej tus qauv tsim, tus thawj coj ua lub luag haujlwm rau qhov tshwm sim. 1S91 rab phom self-propelled tau tsim nyob rau hauv kev coj noj coj ua ntawm A. A. Rastov. Lub semi-active radar taub hau 2P25, uas ua lub hom phiaj ntawm lub missile, yog tsim los ntawm tus thawj designer Yu. N. Vekhov mus txog rau thaum 1960. Nws tus neeg ua tiav hauv txoj haujlwm no xyoo 1960 yog I. G. Hakobyan. Lub taub hau ntawm OKB-15 V. V. Tikhomirov tau los ua lub luag haujlwm rau tag nrho Kub tiv thaiv lub dav hlau missile system thiab nws tus tsim.

Tsim thiab ua haujlwm ntawm lub launcher

Lub launcher tus kheej tau muab tso rau ntawm GM-578 chassis, ntawm cov tsheb tshwj xeeb uas muaj cov lus qhia rau cov cuaj luaj. 2P25 muaj lub zog hluav taws xob tsav, cov khoom siv navigation. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub tshuab nws tus kheej tau nruab nrog lub tshuab xam zauv, lub tshuab hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob thiab txhais tau tias rau thaj chaw thaj chaw, kev sib txuas lus hauv xov tooj thiab kev tswj xyuas ua ntej ntawm lub tsev. Ob lub connectors tau siv los ntsaws lub foob pob hluav taws nrog lub launcher. Lawv nyob hauv lub foob pob hluav taws. Cov txheej txheem rau nws qhov kev taw qhia ua ntej pib tau ua tiav siv cov tsheb thauj khoom, uas ua haujlwm tawm cov ntaub ntawv tau txais los ntawm 1C91. Cov xov tooj cua xov tooj cua sib txuas lus tau muab 2P25 nrog cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog. Cov neeg sib ntaus sib tua ntawm lub installation yog peb tus neeg. Nyhav 2P25 mus txog 19.5 tons.

cube anti-aircraft missile system
cube anti-aircraft missile system

Rocket device

Lub Kub tiv thaiv dav hlau missile system tau nruab nrog 3M9 missile, ua raws li "rotary"tis". Nws txawv ntawm nws cov analogue 3M8 nyob rau hauv muaj cov rudders ntxiv. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm lawv cov kev siv, cov neeg tsim qauv tau tswj kom txo qhov ntev ntawm lub tis tis. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub kauj tsheb tsis xav tau lub zog siab. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob tau raug hloov nrog lub zog pneumatic tsav.

Lub hom phiaj raug ntes los ntawm qhov pib thiab ua raws li Doppler zaus los ntawm tus kheej-qhib ib nrab radar taub hau 1SB4, nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm lub missile uas muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke. Qhov hnyav ntawm lub siab tawg tawg tawg rog yog 57 kg. Lub autodiode ob-channel xov tooj cua fuse muab cov lus txib kom detonate nws. Qhov loj ntawm lub foob pob hluav taws yog 5.8 meters, txoj kab uas hla - 33 cm. Lub foob pob hluav taws sib dhos tau thauj hauv cov thawv tshwj xeeb, uas tau tsim los ntawm folding stabilizer consoles.

Lub foob pob hluav taws tom qab ua haujlwm li cas?

Tus nqi ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob roj, tom qab nws qhov hluav taws xob, nkag los ntawm huab cua nkag mus rau hauv chav tom qab hlawv, uas qhov kawg combustion ntawm cov roj tau ua tiav. Tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv roj nws tus kheej yog 172-kilogram checker nrog txoj kab uas hla ntawm 29 cm thiab ntev ntawm 1.7 meters. Rau nws kev tsim khoom, roj ballistic tau siv. Cov cua nkag tau tsim los rau kev ua haujlwm supersonic. Thaum lub foob pob hluav taws, tag nrho cov cua nkag tau qhib kaw nruj nreem kaw nrog fiberglass plugs. Lub foob pob hluav taws tau ua tiav ntawm qhov chaw tso tawm, ua ntej lub cav tseem ceeb tau qhib.

cube anti-aircraft missile system yees duab
cube anti-aircraft missile system yees duab

Pib tau ntev txog 5 vib nas this. Sab hauvib feem ntawm lub foob pob hluav taws nozzle, uas tau tuav los ntawm fiberglass grating, tom qab 5-6 vib nas this raug tua rov qab, thiab cov theem ntawm kev ua hauj lwm ntawm lub marching seem pib.

Kev sib sau thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm 1C91

Kev tshawb nrhiav tus kheej thiab kev taw qhia muaj xws li:

  • Ib lub chaw radar siv los ntes thiab taug qab lub hom phiaj huab cua.
  • Ilumination 1S31. Nrog kev pab los ntawm cov cuab yeej no, lub hom phiaj paub, navigation, qhov chaw nyob, xov tooj cua thiab xov tooj sib txuas lus nrog tag nrho Kub system yog ua tiav. Lub foob pob hluav taws tiv thaiv dav hlau (duab hauv qab no) tau nruab nrog ob lub radar kav hlau txais xov: 1S11 thiab 1S31.
anti-aircraft missile system cube m1
anti-aircraft missile system cube m1

Lawv tau ua qhov kev tshawb fawb ncig ntawm qhov nrawm ntawm 15 kiv puag ncig ib feeb. Cov kav hlau txais xov muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov cab kuj zaus. Cov kev txais-kev xa tawm tau nruab nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob, qhov chaw uas yog ib lub dav hlau focal. Nws tuaj yeem ntes, txheeb xyuas thiab taug qab lub hom phiaj huab cua ntawm qhov deb ntawm 300 txog 70,000 thiab qhov siab ntawm 30 txog 7000 meters.

Lub 1S91 tus kheej-propelled chav nyob nyob rau ntawm GM-568 chassis. Qhov hnyav ntawm lub cuab yeej yog 20.3 tons. Cov pab pawg sib ntaus sib tua rau kev tswj hwm muaj plaub tus neeg.

SAM test

Xyoo 1959, Kub tiv thaiv lub dav hlau missile system dhau nws thawj qhov kev sim. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua haujlwm, cov teeb meem hauv qab no tau txheeb xyuas:

  • Cov cua nkag tau tsim tsis zoo.
  • Lub tshuab hluav taws xob tom qab yog nrog cov txheej txheem cua sov uas tsis zoo. Qhov tsis zoo no yog vim qhov tseeb tias rau kev tsim cov koob yees duabtitanium tau siv. Tom qab kev sim, cov hlau no tau hloov nrog hlau.

Xyoo 1961, cov kws tsim qauv tseem ceeb koom nrog kev tsim kho "Cuba" tau hloov pauv. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm nrawm los txhim kho lub foob pob hluav taws xob tiv thaiv dav hlau. Los ntawm 1961 txog 1963, 83 foob pob hluav taws tau pib. Ntawm cov no, tsuas yog peb tus tau ua tiav. Xyoo 1964, thawj lub foob pob hluav taws uas muaj lub taub hau raug rho tawm haujlwm. Ib qho Il-28 ya ntawm qhov siab nruab nrab raug tua. Kev tshaj tawm ntxiv tau ua tiav. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv 1967, lub Central Committee ntawm lub CPSU txiav txim siab los txais lub Kub anti-aircraft missile system rau hauv kev pab cuam nrog rau hauv av rog. Txoj haujlwm tsim qauv rau kev xa tawm tau pib.

Export hloov kho 2K12 "lub voos xwmfab"

Ib lub foob pob hluav taws tiv thaiv dav hlau, cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm nws qhov kev sib koom ua ke, tau sib sau ua ke hauv xyoo 1971. Qhov sib txawv cuam tshuam cov tshuab ua kom paub txog huab cua lub hom phiaj.

cube anti-aircraft missile system yam ntxwv
cube anti-aircraft missile system yam ntxwv

Lub Kub tiv thaiv dav hlau missile system (Kvadrat - lub npe ntawm kev teeb tsa npaj rau kev xa khoom xa tawm) tau muab cov kev hloov pauv ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm paub qhov txawv ntawm lub hom phiaj los ntawm lub xeev koom nrog. Tus qauv xa tawm tau tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm hauv thaj chaw sov sov.

Kub-M1 anti-aircraft missile system

Tom qab kev ua haujlwm tshiab tau ua tiav hauv xyoo 1973, qhov kev txhim kho tau tshwm sim hauv kev pabcuam nrog USSR tub rog - Kub-M1 huab cua tiv thaiv kab ke. Cov kev tsim kho tiav tiav tau nthuav dav thaj tsam ntawm thaj tsam puas tsuaj, txhim kho kev tiv thaivhomeing taub hau los ntawm ntau yam cuam tshuam, lub sij hawm pib tsis tshaj 5 vib nas this. Lub chaw nres tsheb radar lub kav hlau txais xov tau tiv thaiv los ntawm cov cuaj luaj los tiv thaiv radar.

SAM siv qhov twg?

Los ntawm 1967 txog 1982, Kub tiv thaiv lub dav hlau missile launcher tau dav xa tawm mus rau ntau lub tebchaws uas muaj kev kub ntxhov tshwm sim. Tsis yog tsis muaj kev pab los ntawm kev tiv thaiv huab cua no hauv kev ua tsov rog Arab-Israeli, Israeli tub rog tau swb. Xyoo 1999, txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev foob pob ntawm NATO, Yugoslavia nquag siv qhov chaw no. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev tiv thaiv huab cua yog qhov tsis zoo ntawm nws cov xov tooj cua hauv TV, uas tsis tau yoog rau kev ua haujlwm hmo ntuj. Lub sijhawm no, feem ntau kev tawm tsam tau ua los ntawm NATO.

anti-aircraft missile system cube square
anti-aircraft missile system cube square

Qhov no, txoj haujlwm ntawm "Cuba" tsis muaj txiaj ntsig. Xav txog kev tawm tsam huab cua hmo ntuj, cov tub rog Yugoslav poob peb lub tshuab tiv thaiv huab cua.

Hnub no SAM "Cube" siv Slovakia. Lub SAM muaj lub tshuab hluav taws xob tus kheej thiab peb lub foob pob hluav taws. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov series ntawm complex, qhov kev hloov kho no yog suav hais tias yog qhov siab tshaj plaws thiab lub npe hu ua "Cube-M2".

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