Fighter La-5FN: kev ua haujlwm dav hlau

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Fighter La-5FN: kev ua haujlwm dav hlau
Fighter La-5FN: kev ua haujlwm dav hlau

Video: Fighter La-5FN: kev ua haujlwm dav hlau

Video: Fighter La-5FN: kev ua haujlwm dav hlau
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Lub sijhawm Tsov Rog Loj Loj, cov dav hlau sib ntaus sib tua tau ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev yeej. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias lub German cua tub rog tau nruab nrog xws li haib combat tsheb li Messerschmitt Bf 109G thiab Focke-Wulf FW 190A, Soviet aviation dominated lub ntuj. Wehrmacht huab cua tsheb tau ua tsis zoo rau cov khoom ntawm cov neeg tsim qauv ntawm USSR, uas yog La-5FN fighter.

tug 5fn
tug 5fn

Dab tsi yog German aviation qis dua?

Lub Soviet fighter La-5FN, thaum maneuvering vertically thiab horizontally, yog zoo dua li lub ntsiab German fighter "Messerschmitt" Bf 109G, vim hais tias tom qab ob peb lem nws yuav mus rau hauv tus yeeb ncuab tus Tsov tus tw thiab tsim aimed ntawm hluav taws. Qhov no ua tau txawm tias yuav luag tib yam kev ua tau zoo li ob tus qauv sib tw.

La-5FN fighter tshuav kiag li tsis muaj txoj hauv kev yeej rau German Focke-Wulf FW 190A. Cov qauv no tau qis dua txawm tias nyob hauv kev ceev. tshwm hauvHauv cov tub rog tub rog ntawm Wehrmacht, FW190A-8 fighter nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm maneuverability tsis muaj qhov zoo dua La-5FN, uas muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev kub ceev thiab zoo maneuverability, uas, nrog rau cov kev paub ntawm tus tsav, ua kom lub yeej ntawm lub. Soviet aircraft nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua huab cua. Raws li cov lus qhia los ntawm German cov lus txib rau cov neeg ua haujlwm davhlau, Soviet La-5FN fighter tau suav tias yog tus yeeb ncuab txaus ntshai tshaj plaws, hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua uas cov neeg tsav nkoj Wehrmacht yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas thiab sau.

Pib ntawm kev tsim

In 1941, tus tsim S. A. Lavochkin tau ua tiav kev hloov kho tshiab ntawm LaGT-3 lub dav hlau - kev sib ntaus sib tua, uas thaum lub sijhawm ntawd twb tsis tau ua raws li txhua qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Muaj kev xav tau sai rau tus qauv tshiab uas muaj peev xwm tiv taus kev sib ntaus sib tua niaj hnub no. LaGG-3 tau raug coj los ua lub hauv paus.

ua 5fn
ua 5fn

Nws tau txiav txim siab siv ASh-82FN pawg kiv cua nrog lub zog ntawm 1700 hp hauv lub tshuab tshiab. thiab synchronized nees nkaum-millimeter phom ShVAK. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov neeg tsim qauv xws li AI tau sim muab lawv lub dav hlau nrog lub cav no. Mikoyan, S. V. Ilyushin, V. M. Petlyakov thiab A. S. Yakovlev. Tab sis qhov zoo tshaj plaws, nws tau pib hauv paus hauv S. A. aircraft. Lavochkin.

Thaum pib, lub cav ASh-82FN tsis haum rau lub fuselage ntawm lub dav hlau, txij li nws tau tsim rau M-105 qauv. Tab sis cov neeg tsim qauv tau tswj hwm lawv cov khoom lag luam nrog ob-kab radial cav, kom cov qauv tsim, geometry thiab qhov ntev ntawm LaGG-3 airframe tau txais los ua lub hauv paus tseem tsis hloov pauv.

Soviettug 5fn
Soviettug 5fn

Ua tsaug rau ASh-82FN lub cav, La-5FN fighter tau txais kev txhim kho maneuverability thiab ceev, uas yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog xav txog nyob rau hauv qhov zoo ntawm sib sib zog nqus tig thiab ntsug maneuvering. Lub xub ntiag ntawm 20 hli ShVAK cannons nyob rau hauv lub Soviet La-5 ua rau nws ua tau rau cov pilots los ua ib tug offensive es ib tug tiv thaiv txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov huab cua sib ntaus sib tua nrog German tsheb.

Daim ntawv thov hauv kev tsim lub cav tshiab

Lub tshuab Shvetsov ASh-82F txhawb nqa tau pib siv rau hauv cov neeg sib tw xws li La-5F (uas tau xav txog hauv cov ntawv luv ntawm lub dav hlau) thiab La-5FN. Cov ntawv luv ntawm yav tas los qhia tias nws yog cov qauv yuam kev nrog kev txhaj tshuaj ncaj qha.

Raws li cov lus dab neeg, equipping lub Soviet fighter nrog lub cav muaj zog yog tshwm sim los ntawm Stalin qhov kev tsis txaus siab nrog lub peev xwm ntawm lub ASh-82 nyob rau hauv afterburner hom. Lawv txaus rau ob peb feeb. Ntawm qhov kev taw qhia ntawm Stalin, ib lub cav zoo li no tau pib hauv hom no thiab ua haujlwm kom txog thaum nws ua tsis tiav. Lub sijhawm kaw tau pom cov peev txheej loj loj - nws tshaj 50 teev.

Rau cov neeg sib ntaus sib tua, cov no yog cov cim qhia zoo. Hauv kev tsim ntawm lub dav hlau La-5FN, lub cav no tau muab lub zog ntawm 1750-1850 hp. thiab tuav lub hom phiaj tom qab qhov hluav taws kub tsawg kawg yog kaum feeb. Nrog rau kev muab roj ntau, lub sijhawm ntawm kev tswj hwm no tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv.

Testing

La-5FN fighter yog ib qho ntawm cov kev hloov kho ntawm La-5 aircraft. Nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav xyoo 1942, hauv Lyubertsy, lawv tau txais kev sim ua tiav, tom qab uas lawv tsim tau pom zoo. Kev simsawv cev rau kev sib ntaus sib tua tsis tu ncua ntawm La-5FN thiab ntes Bf 109G-2. Tom qab kev sib ntaus sib tua, cov lus xaus tau kos: lub Soviet fighter yog zoo tagnrho rau kev khiav hauj lwm nyob rau hauv qis thiab nruab nrab altitudes, uas yog lub ntsiab sawv daws yuav rau aviation ntawm Eastern Front.

fighter la 5fn yees duab
fighter la 5fn yees duab

Lub Plaub Hlis Ntuj xyoo no, Pawg Saib Xyuas Kev Tiv Thaiv Lub Xeev tau tso cai los pib ntau lawm, uas ua rau muaj kev tso tawm ntau qhov kev hloov kho ntawm La-5, cov uas yog La-5FN fighter. Daim duab hauv qab no qhia txog tus qauv tsim ntawm lub dav hlau no.

fighter la 5fn controllability
fighter la 5fn controllability

flights yog nws npaj rau?

Huab cua sib ntaus sib tua ntawm qhov siab qis yog suav tias yog lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb uas La-5FN fighter tau tsim, tsim thiab tswj tau uas ua rau nws yog tus qauv zoo tshaj plaws hauv Soviet aviation ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd. Kev ua tau zoo ntawm ailerons thiab tus nqi nce ntawm La-5FN tau dhau qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm German FW 190A-8, uas hnyav dua thiab muaj cov yam ntxwv nrawm. Tab sis tus yeeb ncuab fighter muaj peev xwm, thaum lub sij hawm dhia dej maneuvers ntawm high speeds, ua ib tug sib ntaus sib tua tig mus tua lub La-5FN fighter.

Kev tswj hwm ntawm lub tshuab Soviet tau muab tias nws tawm tsam kev tawm tsam los ntawm kev dhia dej ntawm qhov nrawm thiab nws tus kheej tau txav mus rau hauv txoj haujlwm rau kev tawm tsam hauv kev nce siab. Qhov no yog ua tau, txij li thaum La-5FN muaj tus nqi nce zoo dua piv rau FW 190A-8, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm hla tus German fighter ntawm txoj kab nqes. Ntawm cov lus pom zoo uas tau muab rau cov kws tsav dav hlau los ntawm cov kws qhia hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv dav hlau thaum muaj kev sib tsoo saum ntuj nrog FW 190A-8, muaj kev txwv tsis pub ntev maneuvering thiab qeeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kws tsav dav hlau yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias lub dav hlau tsis yog tsim los ua lub tshuab ua haujlwm ntev, txij li lub cav fais fab tau tsim los tsawg dua plaub caug feeb.

tso cai nrawm

Lub dav hlau tuaj yeem txhim kho kev nrawm ntawm lub zog caij nkoj thiab tom qab kub hnyiab. Lawv muaj qhov sib txawv uas tau tso cai thiab sib txawv rau hauv av thiab dej hiav txwv.

  • La-5FN fighter saum hiav txwv theem tom qab kub hnyiab tuaj yeem ncav cuag ceev txog 520 km / h.
  • Ntawm lub zog caij nkoj ntawm qib no, qhov ceev yog 409 km / h.
  • Afterburner tau tso cai saum av theem ntawm ib mais deb. Qhov ceev yog 540 km / h. Nws kuj tseem siv tau rau lub zog caij nkoj, tab sis twb nyob ntawm qhov siab ntawm 2400 meters.
  • Rau qhov deb ntawm 5 txhiab meters, lub zog caij nkoj nce mus txog 560 km / h.

Tus tsim ntawm lub cav, uas tau nruab nrog La-5FN fighter, tsis tau yoog rau tom qab kub hnyiab ntawm qhov deb tshaj li ob kilometers. Qhov no yog vim lub peculiarities ntawm cov huab cua channel ntawm lub throttle, qhov txaus cheeb tsam ntawm uas tsis muab lub siab tshaj plaws lub cev muaj zog lub cev muaj zog.

Fighter La-5 FN. Features

Lub dav hlau tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij Soviet thiab German thiab Askiv. La-5FN fighter dav hlau tau suav hais tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm tag nrho cov analogues ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj.

  • lub cockpit tau tsim los rau ib tus kws tsav dav hlau;
  • sib ntaus sib tua hnyavyog 3290 kg;
  • qhov ntev (ntev thiab qhov loj ntawm tis) - 8.67 x 9.8 meters;
  • wing cheeb tsam - 17.5 sq. m;
  • load ib tis ib square meter yog 191kg;
  • tus tsim tau nruab nrog ib lub cav M-82FN nrog lub zog ntawm 1750 hp;
  • ntawm qhov siab ntawm 6250 meters, lub tsheb tsim lub davhlau nrawm txog 634 km / h;
  • lub qab nthab (qhov siab tshaj plaws) rau tus neeg tua rog - 10750 meters;
  • nruab nrab tus nqi nce - 16.6 m / s;
  • tank yog tsim rau 460 litres;
  • roj nyhav - 46 kg;
  • ob 20mm ShVAK cannons tau nruab nrog La-5FN;
  • tus neeg tua hluav taws muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv lub foob pob txog li 100 kg;
  • lub dav hlau tau npaj rau kev ncua deb tsis tshaj 930 km.
fighter la 5fn chaw muag khoom yam ntxwv
fighter la 5fn chaw muag khoom yam ntxwv

Fighter La-5FN. Device

  • Tus tsim ntawm lub dav hlau no yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj ncaj qha rau hauv lub tog raj kheej.
  • Hloov cov pa tawm hauv lub dav hlau, cov kav dej ib leeg tau siv, uas muaj xya daim ntawm txhua sab.
fighter dav hlau la 5fn
fighter dav hlau la 5fn
  • Saum toj ntawm lub hood muaj cua tshwj xeeb.
  • Lub fuselage fairing tau qis dua, cov duab ntawm lub canopy kuj tau hloov (lawv tau tsim raws li Yakovlev AS Yak-9).
  • Kev siv lub ntsuas ntsuas ua kom nws tuaj yeem ya thaum hmo ntuj thiab huab cua tsis zoo.
  • Ntau qhov kev txhim kho tau ua tiav,uas kov ntawm lub sealing sab hauv thiab thermal rwb thaiv tsev ntawm La-5FN alarm. Tus fighter tau txais kev txhim kho nyob rau hauv tag nrho aerodynamics.
  • Txhawm rau txhim kho kev pom, lub dav hlau tau nruab nrog lub tsev pheeb suab tshiab, uas, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev, tau ntxiv nrog rau qhov yooj yim tshem tawm zawv zawg.
  • Tus tsim tau nruab nrog lub log tsheb. Nws tuaj yeem thim rov qab thaum lub davhlau, thiab taw qhia nws tus kheej thaum caij tsheb tavxij.
  • Ob-spar tis muaj plywood daim tawv nqaij thiab muaj tsis siv neeg duralumin slats, uas nrog kev pab los ntawm tsaws flaps, yog tsim nyog, yuav deviate los ntawm 60 degrees.
  • Birch veneer tau siv los tsim cov fuselage thiab keel. Nws yog los ntawm ob peb txheej, uas tau pasted nrog ib daim ntaub.
  • Lub welded lub cev muaj zog mount ua los ntawm cov kav hlau yog npaj rau mounting ASh-82FN ob-kab radial cav. Lub cav nws tus kheej tau nyob hauv lub tank, uas tau tsim los ntawm duralumin panels yooj yim tshem tau. Qhov no muab pub dawb rau lub cev muaj zog thaum kho lossis kho.
fighter la 5fn yam ntxwv
fighter la 5fn yam ntxwv

lub dav hlau sheathed nrog dab tsi?

Feem ntau ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua dav hlau ntawm La-5 qauv muaj tag nrho cov ntoo siv, uas tau txhim kho tas li. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias tsob ntoo muaj hluav taws kub, lub zog ntawm cov khoom no tsis txaus. Hauv cov qauv La-5FN, cov neeg tsim khoom tau them nyiaj tshwj xeeb rau kev tiv thaiv tus tsav thiab lub cav. Cov ntoo tau hloov nrog duralumin thiab hlau, uas ua kom tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam thiab txhim khu kev lag luam ntawm lub cev muaj zog txawm tias shrapnel hits. Rojcov tso tsheb hlau luam tsis muaj armored, thiab qhov no ua rau lawv yooj yim heev thaum muaj kev tawm tsam. Cov ntoo tis spar tau hloov nrog ib qho hlau. Rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm tus tsav thiab roj tso tsheb hlau luam, armored iav pib siv nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov fighter, lub thickness ntawm uas rau pem hauv ntej ib feem ntawm lub cockpit yog 57 hli. Lub taub hau armored (68 mm) tau tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv no. Lub armored rov qab yog ua los ntawm 0.7 cm tuab steel.

fighter la 5fn tsaws
fighter la 5fn tsaws

Kev npaj ntawm lub cockpit

Lub sab sauv ntawm lub alarm muab qhov pom kev zoo thiab pom txhua qhov chaw. Kev pom yav tom ntej tau txwv. Qhov no yog vim qhov kev tsaws qis ntawm tus tsav. Lub lag luam ntawm lub cav tau tso ib tug loj plume ntawm pa gases qab lub aircraft. Tus kws tsav dav hlau siv lub tshuab pa siab siab, uas yog lub diaphragm direct-flow economizer (lub tswv yim yog muab los ntawm German economizer system).

Yog tias ua ntej lub kiv cua, radiators, blinds, trimmers thiab lwm yam tau tswj los ntawm ntau yam tes pas nrig - levers, uas yog ib tug tsis zoo, txij li thaum lub sij hawm sib ntaus sib tua tus pilot twb distracted thaum tsiv rods kom ceev, ces. nyob rau hauv La-5FN txhua yam yog automated. Tus kws tsav dav hlau tuaj yeem tswj tau yooj yim rau txhua qhov ntawm pawg kiv cua, tua hluav taws thiab tswj kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov phom, yam tsis tau saib los ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua. Tsuas yog lub tshuab hluav taws xob tau tswj los ntawm levers, txhua yam yog ua los ntawm automation.

Yuav tawm mus li cas?

Thaum lub sijhawm tso tawm ntawm lub dav hlau fighter, nws lub cav nthuav tawm lub zog hloov pauv tau. Ib qho luv luv yog muab rau kev khiav tawm ntawm lub dav hlau. Thaum tshem tawm, tus Tsov tus tw ntawm ib tug fighternce qeeb. Kev tsav tsheb yog qhov nyuaj rau lub sijhawm no vim qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm lub kiv cua mus rau hauv av me me.

Kev ua lag luam

Txhua lub dav hlau muaj nws tus yam ntxwv thiab qhov tsis zoo thaum ya. Ib qho kawg yog stalling. La-5FN fighter tsis yog tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo no. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub rooj muag khoom tau raug tshuaj xyuas thiab coj mus rau hauv tus account los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij thaum tsim cov tiam tom ntej, ntau tshaj ntawm cov dav hlau. Yog vim li cas rau stalling:

  • Txo nrawm. Thaum thim rov qab lub tsaws iav thiab flaps, cov slats raug tso tawm ntawm qhov ceev ntawm 200-210 km / h. Raws li qhov ceev txo, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov ailerons txo. Fighter skidding los yog braking ntawm 180 km / h ua rau nws yob mus rau lub tis, vim nws nyuaj rau tus tsav los dampen yob ntawm qhov ceev no. Stalling kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim nrog cov iav tsaws thiab cov flaps txuas ntxiv yog tias tus tsav txuas ntxiv rub lub zog ntawm nws tus kheej, raws li tus neeg tua hluav taws nkag mus rau qhov siab tshaj plaws uas ua tiav rau nws.
  • Ua kom nrawm nrawm. Nrog rau kev xa tawm sai ntawm La-5FN, huab cua ntws ntawm lub tis tau nres. Raws li qhov nrawm nce, qhov txo qis hauv aileron kev ua tau zoo yog ntau tshaj tawm. Thaum lub fighter accelerates mus rau 320 km / h thiab nce mus txog qhov siab ntawm 2400 meters, nyob rau hauv uas ib tug tag nrho tig rau 30 vib nas this, tus tsim ntawm lub tshuab tau txais ib tug overload ntawm 2,6G. Yog tias nws tsim nyog los ua qhov ntse txav nrog cov ailerons, ces nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau tus tuav hauv lub cockpit kom txav mus rau qhov kev taw qhia ntawm kev sib hloov.

Txhawm rau tiv thaiv lub dav hlau poob, muaj qhov tsim nyogcov lus qhia txog ntev npaum li cas nws yuav siv sij hawm los ua kom tiav qhov tig ntawm qhov chaw siab. Yog li, rau 2400 meters, 28 vib nas this yog muab, thiab nyob rau ntawm ib tug kilometer altitude, tig yuav tsum ua kom tiav nyob rau hauv 25 vib nas this.

Flight stability

Tus fighter yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev ruaj ntseg nyob rau hauv txhua txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub tsaws iav, flaps thiab thaum nce toj. Kev siv zog ntawm tus kov yog negligible. Lawv nce raws li lub dav hlau ua rau sib sib zog nqus tig. Cov kev taw qhia ntawm lub ntsej muag yog suav tias yog qhov txaus siab, tab sis nws yuav txo qis vim qhov qis qis uas La-5FN fighter tsiv. Lub controllability ntawm phom nyob rau hauv xws li tej yam kev mob yog yooj yim. Thaum lub rudder yog deflected, lub qhov ntswg ntawm lub aircraft yog tsa los yog qis dua. Cov oscillations, tseem hu ua Dutch suab, raug kho los ntawm kev txav ntawm lub rudder.

Flight end

Tus nqi ntawm 200 km / h tau suav tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev ceev ntawm La-5FN fighter nqis nqis. Kev tsaws tau ua tiav ntawm peb lub ntsiab lus. Nws qhov kev siv tau yooj yim ntawm qhov chaw tiaj tus. Txwv tsis pub, nws nyuaj rau kom lub tsheb khiav. Qhov ua rau muaj kev nyuaj yog qhov tsis sib xws ntawm kev sib tsoo ntawm lub log. Heev feem ntau, ib tug fighter nods thaum tsaws, raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm cov kiv cua yuav puas, vim hais tias lub dav hlau no muaj ib tug txwv deb ntawm nws thiab hauv av. Tseem ceeb nyuaj rau tuav ntawm tus tsav dav hlau fighter thiab muaj zog gusts ntawm sab cua. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, nws tsis tuaj yeem tiv nrog siv lub kauj tsheb nkaus xwb. Yog li ntawd, thaum tsaws, lawv feem ntau siv lub log braking.

Txawm li cas los xijCov teeb meem uas twb muaj lawm hauv kev tsim, La-5FN fighter yog ib qho ntawm cov qauv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Soviet aviation technology, uas, ntawm nws cov analogues, muab cov dav hlau hauv tsev nrog lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv lub ntuj ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog thiab ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev yeej..

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