Cov lus Tuvan belongs rau pawg lus Turkic. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntsiab lus Mongolian tau sawv cev hauv cov lus Tuvan. Cov qauv no kuj tau tshwm sim hauv cov npe kom raug. Lawv tau ntev lawm tseem ceeb rau Tuvans.
Keeb kwm ntawm lub npe
Niaj hnub Tuvan cov npe tau qiv los ntawm Mongols, Russians, Turkic haiv neeg.
Tsis ntev los no, tus menyuam tsis tau muaj npe tam sim ntawd, tab sis hli, thiab qee zaum xyoo tom qab nws yug los. Rov qab rau xyoo pua 19th, tus tub tau txais nws lub npe "txiv neej" thaum muaj hnub nyoog li 10 xyoo lossis ntau dua. Ua ntej ntawd, nws tsuas yog hu ua "tus tub", "me me", "tus me nyuam" thiab lwm yam.
Cov kab lig kev cai no yog los ntawm cov lus dab neeg thiab cov dab neeg zoo ntawm Tuvans, qhov uas tau piav qhia tias lub npe tshwm sim tsuas yog thaum tus tub hluas tau txais nees thiab dhau los ua txiv neej. Yog li, piv txwv li, ib tug ntawm cov heroes ntawm epic tales, Khan-Buddai, tau txais ib lub npe thaum nws pib mus yos hav zoov thiab muaj peev xwm tswj tau nws tus nees, thiab tus hero ntawm epic tales, Mege. Sagaan-Toolai - ua ntej mus ncig ua si rau nws tus nkauj nyab.
Ntau lub npe Tuvan cuam tshuam nrog qhov pom ntawm tus menyuam, nws tus cwj pwm lossis tus cwj pwm. Piv txwv li, Biche-ool txhais ua "me me", Kara-kys - "dub ntxhais", Uzun-ool - "tus tub ntev" thiab lwm yam.
Feem ntau txoj kev naming qhia txog kev muaj siab xav ntawm cov niam txiv kom pom qhov no lossis qhov tshwj xeeb hauv tus menyuam, piv txwv li Maadyr tau txhais ua "tus phab ej", Mergen - "wise".
Muaj cov npe ntawm cov neeg uas tau muab los ntawm lub npe ntawm ib qho kev kawm: Despizhek - "trough".
Cov ntxhais feem ntau muaj npe tom qab cov noog zoo nkauj, nroj tsuag, tsiaj, piv txwv li, Saylykmaa - "titmouse", Choduraa - "noog cherry". Cov poj niam feem ntau Tuvan lub npe yog Chechek - "paj".
Qee lub sij hawm me nyuam muaj npe raws thaj chaw uas tsev neeg nyob, piv txwv li, Khemchik-ool (ib tug dej ntws mus rau hauv Yenisei).
Txawm yog thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, yog menyuam yaus tuag hauv tsev neeg, ces tus menyuam tau txais qee yam "tseem ceeb", "phem" lub npe kom hem tus dab phem. Nrog rau lub npe menyuam yaus tsis zoo, nws kuj tau txais lub ntiaj teb "tiag tiag", tab sis nws tsis tau hais kom txog thaum tus menyuam loj hlob thiab muaj zog. Tam sim no, txoj kev cai no tau ploj mus lawm, tab sis ntawm cov neeg ntawm cov neeg laus ib txwm tuaj yeem ntsib cov neeg uas muaj cov npe thiab cov npe uas tau tshwm sim los ntawm lawv.
Txoj Kev Kawm
Tag nrho cov npe Tuvan tau muab faib ua peb pawg los ntawm keeb kwm:
Thawj pawg yog thawj lub tebchaws cov npe: Mergen - "wise", Anai "tshis", Chechen - "graceful", Belek - "khoom plig", Chechek - "paj",Maadyr - "hero"
Ntau lub npe yog ob lub suab, muaj ntau yam, piv txwv li, Belek-Bayyr - "khoom plig thiab hnub so", Aldyn-Kherel - "golden ray".
Cov feem ntau ntawm cov npe Tuvan rau cov tub yog lo lus "ool", uas txhais tau tias "tub", "tus txiv neej". Piv txwv li, Aldyn-ool - "tus tub kub".
Pab pawg thib ob suav nrog cov koom nrog kev ntseeg, lawv tau hloov kho raws li kev cai xov tooj. Tuvans feem ntau hu ua cov menyuam yaus tom qab cov ntseeg Vajtswv, Dolchan, Dolgar, Shogzhal
Cov me nyuam kuj tau muab npe raws li phau ntawv dawb ceev, xws li Manzyrykchy.
Pab pawg thib peb suav nrog Lavxias lossis qiv los ntawm lwm yam lus European
Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias Tuvans siv cov npe ntau dua li cov npe. Ib tug neeg paub los ntawm nws tus kheej lub npe menyuam yaus, ntxiv rau, mus txog rau xyoo 1947, cov npe yog cov npe qub ntawm pab pawg.
Kev kawm ntawm lub npe thiab tus neeg muaj npe
Xyoo 1947, Tuvans tau tso cai coj cov npe Lavxias thiab lub npe, txij li cov npe ntawm pawg neeg uas ua haujlwm raws li lub npe tau txwv ntau.
Raws li cov txheej txheem no, lub tebchaws Tuvan cov npe tau los ua lub npe, thiab Lavxias qiv cov npe tau muab npe. Piv txwv li, Tamara Kuskeldey, Alexander Davaa. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb rau cov hluas thiab nruab nrab.
Tuvan lub xeem tsis muaj qee qhov xaus uas yog ib txwm rau cov neeg Lavxias.
cov npe hu ua Patronymicraws li hauv qab no:
- Suffixes ntxiv rau txiv lub npe: -evich, -ovich rau txiv neej; -evna, -ram rau poj niam. Piv txwv li, Kyzyl-oolovna, Kyzyl-oolovich.
- Txiv lub npe muab tso rau hauv qhov thib peb yam tsis muaj qhov txuas ntxiv. Piv txwv li, Tanova Sofia Sedip, Mongush Alexander Kyzyl-ool.
Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsas
Raws li kev coj noj coj ua, cov niam txiv hu ua tus menyuam txawv txawv los tiv thaiv nws ntawm kev phom sij. Nws tau txais ib lub npe txawv txawv los yog dab tuag. Piv txwv li, Kodur-ool txhais tau tias "lichen". Feem ntau ib tug tub hu ua poj niam lub npe, thiab ib tug ntxhais hu ua txiv neej. Qee lub sij hawm cov me nyuam txawm muab lub npe menyuam yaus. Nws ntseeg tau tias txoj kev tis npe no tau tshem cov dab phem ntawm tus menyuam.
Lus npe Tuvan zoo nkauj:
- Aylan - "nightingale",
- Aikhaan - "lunar khan",
- Aldynkherel - "kub ray",
- Baazan - "yug hnub Friday",
- Baylak - "kev vam meej",
- Belek - "kev kawm",
- Burbu - "yug hnub Thursday",
- Maadyr - "hero",
- Mengiot - " roob glacier",
- Mergen - "tus neeg ua haujlwm",
- Chechen - "graceful",
- Chim - "immortal".
rau poj niam
Ntawm Tuvans, txiv neej lub npe tau yooj yim hloov mus ua poj niam, hloov lub caij "ool" nrog "kys", uas txhais tau tias "ntxhais", "girl", lossis "urug" - "daughter", "me". Piv txwv li, Aldyn-kys "tus ntxhais kub", Ak-Urug "tus me nyuam dawb".
Ib qho ntawm cov cim qhia ntawm Tuvan npe rau cov ntxhais yog cov khoom "maa", qhov no yog lo lus Tibetan uas txhais tau tias"niam". Piv txwv li, Saylykmaa - "titmouse", Chechekmaa - "paj".
Lus npe cov poj niam Tuvan nrov:
- Azunda - lub ntsiab lus tsis paub,
- Aisuu - "lub hli dej",
- Anai - "tshis",
- Karakys - "tus ntxhais dub",
- Olcha - "muaj hmoo",
- Saarland - "tus niam mis",
- Sailykmaa - "titmouse",
- Syldysmaa - "lub hnub qub",
- Heralmaa - "nplaim",
- Herel - "beam",
- Chechekmaa - "paj",
- Chenne - "peony",
- Shuru - "zoo nkauj".
Siv qhov xaus
Tsis ntev los no, Tuvans, nrog rau cov npe hauv tebchaws, siv qiv los ntawm Lavxias rau npe menyuam yaus.
Cov txiv neej niaj hnub no feem ntau yog Tuvan (ntawm Turkic keeb kwm), nrog rau Mongolian, Lavxias, European, Tibetan.
txiv neej yooj yim to taub thaum kawg - ool, poj niam by -kys, -maa, -urug.
Rau Tuvans, naming yeej ib txwm tseem ceeb heev, raws li lawv ntseeg nyob rau hauv mystical, tej yam yees siv thiab sab ntsuj plig kev twb kev txuas ntawm ib yam khoom thiab ib lo lus. Yog li ntawd, cov menyuam yaus raug hu ua cov lus uas lub ntsiab lus zoo ntawm tus cwj pwm. Kuj tseem muaj cov npe los ntawm lub npe ntawm thaj chaw uas tus menyuam yug los.
Tom qab kev nthuav tawm ntawm Lamaism (16th caug xyoo), Tuvans nquag pib siv Tibetan thiab Mongolian cov lus thiab cov ntsiab lus rau npe menyuam yaus. Cov npe ntawm cov ntseeg - nyob rau hauv hwm ntawm deities, philosophical cov lus, cov phau ntawv dawb ceev.
Ntau tus lama xaiv tus menyuam lub npe thiab ntxhi rau pob ntseg sab xistxiv neej.
