Nyob rau hauv Soviet Union, txhua leej txhua tus paub Alyosha, uas tsis muab paj rau cov ntxhais hluas, tab sis lawv muab paj rau nws. Qhov no tshwm sim feem ntau ua tsaug rau zaj nkauj nto moo E. Kolmanovsky rau nqe lus ntawm K. Vanshenkin. Tam sim no lwm lub sij hawm thiab lwm yam nkauj. Hmoov tsis zoo, lub cim xeeb ntawm kev siv dag zog ntawm cov tub rog Soviet tau raug tshem tawm hauv lub siab ntawm cov neeg niaj hnub no ob qho tib si hauv Tebchaws Europe thiab tom qab-Soviet qhov chaw. Thiab tseem lo lus "Alyosha", "Bulgaria", "monument" yog nrees intertwined rau hauv ib daim duab nyob rau hauv lub siab ntawm cov inhabitants ntawm Eastern Europe.
History of Creation
Monuments rau cov tub rog uas tsis paub tab tau tawg mus thoob Europe. Qhov no yog to taub - muaj pes tsawg tus tub rog Soviet tuag thaum lub sij hawm kev ywj pheej ntawm lub teb chaws ntawm Eastern Europe los ntawm cov Nazis. Nyob rau hauv cov xyoo nyob deb, cov tub rog Soviet tau txais tos nrog mov ci thiab ntsev thoob plaws txhua qhov chaw los ntawm Balkans mus rau B altic. Ob peb xyoos tom qab ntawd, cov neeg nyob hauv Bulgarian nroog ntawm Plovdiv txiav txim siab los luam cov duab ntawm ib tug tub rog liberator nyob rau hauv pob zeb. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, lub tswv yim no ua rau ib tug monument rau Alyosha. Tom qab ntawd, xyoo 1948, pawg neeg pej xeem raug tsim los tsim ib qho kev teeb tsamonument, thiab lub cim nteg ntawm lub hauv paus rau yav tom ntej pedestal nyob rau hauv lub nroog center coj qhov chaw. Nyob rau hauv kev sib tw xaiv, qhov kev xaiv poob rau lub layout ntawm Vasil Radoslavov hu ua "Liab Hero". Ua ntej qhov kev siv ntawm qhov project yuav tsum tau tos 9 xyoo. Xyoo 1957, nyob rau hnub ua koob tsheej nco txog lub Kaum Hli Ntuj xyoo 1957, qhov kev qhib loj ntawm lub memorial complex tau tshwm sim.
Kev piav qhia
Los ntawm thoob plaws lub nroog Plovdiv, ib daim duab loj ntawm ib tug tub rog Lavxias pom, txo qis rau hauv av lub npe nrov Shpagin submachine phom, uas nws dhau los ntawm Stalingrad mus rau Berlin. Ntawm lub pedestal ntawm 6 meters, ib tug pob zeb hero 11 meters siab cov phooj ywg mus rau hauv qhov kev ncua deb mus rau sab hnub tuaj, qhov twg lub tsev nyob, qhov twg tsev neeg tos. Lub pedestal nws tus kheej yog decorated nrog bas-reliefs. Ib tug ntawm lawv yog tsim los ntawm Georgy Kots thiab hu ua "Cov tub rog Soviet ntaus cov yeeb ncuab", lwm yam qhia lub rooj sib tham ntawm cov Bulgarian cov neeg nrog cov tub rog ntawm liberators, nws sau yog Alexander Zankov. Txhawm rau muab paj rau ntawm ko taw ntawm lub monument, koj yuav tsum tau nce ib puas kauj ruam. Bunardzhik Hill, tam sim no hu ua Hill of the Liberators, uas yog lub monument rau Alyosha, tau dhau los ua ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm lub nroog qub Plovdiv (Philipopol).
Russian Alyosha
Vim li cas lub monument hauv Bulgaria paub thoob ntiaj teb li "Alyosha"? Lub npe no nyob qhov twg? Muaj ob peb versions ntawm cov tsos ntawm tus qauv rau lub pob zeb mlom. Ib txoj kev lossis lwm qhov, txhua yam ua rau Alyosha Skurlatov, tus tub ntxhais hluas cov teeb liab - tus phab ej, uas nws cov duab khaws cia hauv cov ntaub ntawv.ib tug ntawm cov inhabitants ntawm lub nroog ntawm Plovdiv. Tseem muaj cov lus dab neeg hais txog ib tug neeg Lavxias teb sab hero uas, nyob rau hnub ntawm kev ua koob tsheej ntawm kev ywj pheej ntawm lub nroog, muab ob tug ntxhais hauv zos rau ntawm nws lub xub pwg nyom thiab seev cev nrog lawv tsis nkees. Cov neeg laus hais txog nws, zaj dab neeg tau dhau los ntawm ib tiam dhau ib tiam. Tus khub no tau koom nrog Alexei Skurlatov. Tus neeg tua rog nws tus kheej tau kawm tsuas yog 20 xyoo tom qab ntawd lub npe nrov npe rau tub rog Alyosha yog nws daim ntawv theej. Nyob rau hauv 1982, A. Skurlatov mus xyuas Bulgaria thiab tau txais lub title ntawm honorary pej xeem ntawm lub nroog ntawm Plovdiv.
Alyosha captured in the song
Lub monument "Alyosha" (duab yog muab rau hauv tsab xov xwm) ua rau muaj kev txaus siab rau cov neeg tuaj saib, cuam tshuam nrog nws qhov loj, colossality thiab kev yooj yim ntawm sab ntsuj plig tib lub sijhawm. Lub Soviet composer E. Kolmanovsky, uas tau mus xyuas Plovdiv nyob rau hauv 1962, qhuas lub memorial thiab tus cwj pwm ntawm cov neeg nyob ib puag ncig ntawm Bulgaria rau nws. Qhia nws qhov kev xav ntawm kev mus rau Moscow nrog nws tus phooj ywg, tus kws sau paj huam K. Vanshenkin, tus kws ntaus nkauj tau qhia zaj dab neeg ntawm kev tsim lub monument. Thiab tom qab ntawd cov lus tau tshwm sim, thiab tom qab ntawd lub suab nkauj ntawm zaj nkauj nto moo "Alyosha". Txoj haujlwm no tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo hauv Bulgaria thiab, ntawm chav kawm, hauv Soviet Union ua tsaug rau Bulgarian duo - Rita Nikolova thiab Georgi Kordova.
Txoj kev muaj sia
Ib lub sijhawm tag nrho tau xaus nrog kev tawg ntawm Soviet Union. Txhua qhov chaw lawv pib tham txog qhov tsis txaus ntawm tsoomfwv cov tsoomfwv thiab tam sim ntawd pleev xim rau txhua yam uas yog. Thiab muaj ntau heev! Qhov no yog kev phooj ywg ntawm tib neeg, thiab kev koom tes ntawm kev lag luam, thiab, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, kev sib tw yeejfascism. Tau nees nkaum xyoo dhau los, ntau qhov chaw nco txog hauv Tebchaws Europe tau raug rhuav tshem. Thiab txawm hais tias tsoomfwv ntawm lub tebchaws tau lees paub qhov kev daws teeb meem los tiv thaiv kev ua phem ntawm cov monuments uas tau mob siab rau kev yeej ntawm fascism, qhov no tsis txwv cov neeg zej zog. Muaj kev sib tham tas li txog kev rhuav tshem lossis hloov mus rau sab nrauv ntawm kev nco txog kev nco. Txoj hmoo no tsis tau hla lub monument rau Alyosha hauv Bulgaria. Cov duab ntawm lub pob zeb Lavxias teb sab tub rog nce nyob rau hauv cov xovxwm, tab sis twb nrog headlines qw hais txog lub demolition teg num. Peb zaug lawv xav tshem nws tawm ntawm lub pedestal, tab sis txhua zaus cov pej xeem tawm tsam thiab tiv thaiv tsis yog tsuas yog lub monument, tab sis lub heev neeg nco thiab kev ris txiaj.
Monument to Alyosha hnub no
Lub sijhawm kawg ntawm qhov teeb meem ntawm Alyosha qhov kev rhuav tshem tau raug tsa, cov pej xeem tau teeb tsa lub moos nyob ze ntawm lub monument, thiab cov tub rog qub tub rog tau cog lus tias yuav ua phem rau nws tus kheej yog tias nws rhuav tshem. Muaj ob peb lub rooj sib hais plaub. Qhov tshwm sim yog qhov lees paub los ntawm Lub Tsev Hais Plaub Siab tias Alyosha monument muaj xwm txheej ntawm Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog II Monument, uas txhais tau tias nws yog inviolable. Niaj hnub no nws yog ib qhov chaw nyiam rau cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi tuaj xyuas Plovdiv. Nyob rau hauv 2007, ib tug commemorative stamp raug muab los ua kev zoo siab rau tsib caug hnub tseem ceeb ntawm lub installation ntawm lub memorial nyob rau hauv Bulgaria. Lub monument rau Alyosha, nrog rau Shipka thiab lwm yam monuments, yog ib tug kos npe rau ntawm ib-paus xyoo kev phooj ywg thiab kev koom tes ntawm cov Bulgarian thiab Lavxias teb sab neeg.
