Neva: tributaries. Loj tributaries ntawm Neva

Cov txheej txheem:

Neva: tributaries. Loj tributaries ntawm Neva
Neva: tributaries. Loj tributaries ntawm Neva

Video: Neva: tributaries. Loj tributaries ntawm Neva

Video: Neva: tributaries. Loj tributaries ntawm Neva
Video: Ancient Origins of the Kyivan Rus: From Rurikids to Mongols DOCUMENTARY 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Nyob rau hauv kab lus no peb yuav xav txog cov tributaries ntawm Neva. Cov npe ntawm cov dej ntws no tseem ceeb heev. Lub Neva, uas ntws los ntawm qhov ncauj mus rau qhov ncauj rau xya caum-plaub kilometers, yog ntxiv nrog nees nkaum-rau tributaries nrog lawv cov dej. Plaub lub nroog loj hlob tuaj ntawm ntug dej sab qaum teb no. Lub ntsiab thiab nto moo tshaj plaws yog St. Nws tseem hu ua lub nroog ntawm Neva. Tab sis muaj lwm qhov chaw loj thiab tsis muaj neeg coob coob. Ntawm no, lub nroog yog Shlisselburg, Kirovsk, Otradnoe. Dab tsi yog qhov nthuav thiab txawm tias tshwj xeeb ntawm Neva? Qhov no tsuas yog cov hlab ntsha dej uas tshwm sim hauv lub pas dej kaw - Lake Ladoga. Thiab nws ntws mus rau hauv Gulf of Finland nyob rau hauv lub hiav txwv B altic. Tsis muaj tsawg nthuav yog zaj dab neeg ntawm yug ntawm Neva. Peb yuav pib peb zaj dab neeg nrog nws.

Neva tributaries
Neva tributaries

History of the Neva

Tus dej no tsis tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv prehistoric era, tab sis ntau tom qab - tsuas yog ob peb txhiab xyoo dhau los. Thaum Lake Ladoga tsis yog lub cev kaw dej. Cov dej theem qis dua. Tus dej Mga ntws mus rau hauv lub pas dej. Thiab nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam uas cov nthwv dej ntawm Neva tab tom dov, lub Tosna ntws. Tab sis maj mam tus choj txuas Ladoga nrog Gulf of Finland pib swamp. Cov dej hauv lub pas dej tau nce siab thiab ua rau dej nyab Tosna hav. Ntawm qhov siab tshajQhov chaw muaj Ivanovskiye nrawm. Thiab Tosna thiab Mga tig mus rau hauv cov tributaries ntawm tus dej Neva. Tam sim no cov hlab ntsha dej no yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm lub Hiav Txwv Dawb-B altic Canal. Lub Neva tseem ceeb txuas rau sab qaum teb hiav txwv nrog lub ntsiab Lavxias teb sab dej, lub Volga.

Etymology

Raws li lub npe, muaj peb hom ntawm nws keeb kwm. Cov Finns thaum ub uas nyob ze Lake Ladoga hu ua Nevo-Hiav txwv. Txawm hais tias vim nws qhov loj me, lossis vim nws yog ib feem ntawm B altic, tam sim no nws nyuaj rau hais. Qhov thib ob version yog raws li Finnish lo lus "Neva", uas txhais tau tias "swamp". Zoo, tus choj nrog lub hiav txwv tau ploj mus raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm siltation. Yog, thiab cov ntug dej ntawm Neva yog swampy heev, uas yog lub ntsiab nyuaj nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm lub nroog ntawm St. Thiab thaum kawg, tus thib peb version. Lub Neva tej zaum yuav tau muab nws lub npe los ntawm Swedish lo lus "nu", uas txhais tau tias "tshiab". Tab sis qhov no version zoo li unconvincing. Tom qab tag nrho, cov Swedes tsis tuaj yeem paub txog keeb kwm ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm Lake Ladoga thiab tus dej ntws los ntawm nws. Lub Neva, uas nws tributaries - lub Mga thiab Tosna - yog ib zaug ywj siab hlab ntsha, txawm li cas los xij tshwm sim ntau txhiab xyoo dhau los.

Lub tributaries ntawm tus dej
Lub tributaries ntawm tus dej

Complex hydrological network

North-West ntawm Russia yog thaj av ntawm ntau tus dej ntws thiab pas dej. Qhov chaw qis qis, qis evaporation thiab nag lossis daus ua rau muaj qhov tseeb tias ntau lub cev dej tau tsim hauv thaj av no. Yog tias peb kawm txog lub pas dej Ladoga, peb tuaj yeem suav tau plaub caug yim txhiab peb puas tus dej thiab nees nkaum rau txhiab peb puas pas dej hauv nws. Txaus siab heevtsis yog nws? Thiab qhov no tsis suav nrog cov channel loj, cov kwj dej thiab cov kwj deg. Tag nrho cov reservoir yog interconnected los ntawm ib tug dav hydrological network. Lub Neva nws tus kheej, uas nws tributaries yog navigable, yog ib tug zoo thauj hlab ntsha. Ntawm nws qhov chaw, nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm St. Petersburg, nws muab faib ua ob peb ceg, tsim ntau Islands tuaj. Cov nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm lawv yog Vasilyevsky, Krestovsky, Dekabristov, Petrogradsky, Hare, Kamenny thiab Elaginsky. Drawbridges tau tsim nyob rau hauv Venice ntawm North (raws li St. Petersburg kuj hu ua) kom cov nkoj hiav txwv hla mus tob rau hauv lub mainland raws Neva. Ib tug ntawm lawv - Palace - yog lub cim ntawm lub nroog.

Sab laug tributary ntawm tus dej
Sab laug tributary ntawm tus dej

Neva: tributaries ntawm sab laug

Tus dej no nqus cov dej ntawm nees nkaum rau ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Xav txog thawj cov uas ntws mus rau hauv nws los ntawm sab laug. Cov no yog Tosna, Mga, Slavyanka, Izhora, Dub River, Moika, Monastyrka, Murzinka thiab Emelyanovka. Paradoxically, tag nrho cov tributaries no laus dua Neva. Thiab qee qhov tseem ntev dua. Yog li, qhov ntev ntawm Mgi yog cuaj caum-peb kilometers. Txawm tias ua ntej yug ntawm Neva, nws lub qhov ncauj yog Lake Ladoga. Tam sim no Mga yog ciam teb ntawm thaj av Kirov thiab Tosnensky. Tus dej yog txaus nyiam rau lovers ntawm dej tourism. Lwm qhov tseem ceeb sab laug ntawm Neva, Tosna, yog 121 mais ntev. Ntawm ntug dej ntawm tus dej ntses nplua nuj no yog qhov chaw nyob ntawm Otradnoye thiab Nikolskoye. Izhora nyob rau hauv nws lub npe khaws lub cim xeeb ntawm cov neeg uas ib zaug nyob rau hauv nws shores. Slavyanka ntws hauv cheeb tsam Gatchina. Ntawm qhov chaw ntawm nws confluence nrog Neva muaj ib lub nroog zoo nkaujPavlovsk. Dej Dub (tseem hu ua Volkovka) ntws ncaj qha los ntawm St. Petersburg. Nws qhov confluence tsuas yog ob kilometers ntawm lub qhov ncauj ntawm tus dej loj.

Cov loj tributaries
Cov loj tributaries

Lwj dej loj ntawm Neva ntawm sab xis

Okhta yog tus thawj coj hauv daim ntawv teev npe no. Qhov ntev ntawm tus dej no yog hais txog ib puas kilometers. Lub Okhta ntws mus rau hauv Neva ze Petrozavodsk. Thawj zaug tus dej no tau hais nyob rau hauv Thawj Chronicle ntawm Novgorod, yos txij thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua kaum plaub. Thiab txog thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum, Okhta yog ib tug ciam teb ntawm lub nroog St. Petersburg thiab Shlisselburg. Kaum tsib choj hla tus dej ntev no. Nyob rau sab qab teb-sab hnub tuaj ntawm St. Petersburg, Duck ntws mus rau hauv Neva. Lub npe ntawm tus dej rau-kilometer no tau tshwm sim tsis ntev los no: nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua puv 19, cov chaw tsim khoom ntawm ib tug neeg ua lag luam Utkin sawv ntawm nws lub tsev txhab nyiaj. Lwm qhov tseem ceeb tributaries yog Dubrovka, Glukharka, Chernavka, nrog rau Gorely, Bezymyanny thiab Murinsky ntws.

Tributaries tsis tau teev tseg
Tributaries tsis tau teev tseg

Sights of the river

Neva nws tus kheej, nws cov ceg thiab cov kwj dej yog qhov zoo nkauj heev. St. Petersburg tshuav nws txoj kev zoo nkauj mus rau qhov loj heev rau qhov zoo nkauj granite embankments thiab openwork txuas hniav. Ib tug neeg mus ncig tebchaws attraction nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm lub Neva yog lub nkoj mus txawv tebchaws raws nws ceg: lub Fontanka, lub Moika, lub Pryazhka, lub Kronverk Strait, lub Griboedov, Kryukov, Obvodny, Morskoy kwj dej. Nyob rau hauv lub Leningrad cheeb tsam, nyob rau hauv lub calm thiab majestic dej stands lub ancient fortress Oreshek. Nws tau tsim nyob rau hauv 1323. Ua nyob rau hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 18thStaraya Ladoga Canal txuas lub pas dej nrog Volkhov River. Pavlovsk - ib lub nroog nrog ib tug zoo nkauj palace thiab chaw ua si pawg - yog ib tug ntawm cov tseem ceeb attractions nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm St. Yog tias koj taug kev nce toj ntawm Neva, koj tuaj yeem qhuas tus choj ua xyoo 1832 ntawm cov kab zoo nkauj, nrog rau plaub-chamber granite sluice ua rau xyoo 1836.

Pom zoo: