Tu-160 "White Swan" - tus foob pob foob pob tawm tsam

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 08:06

Keeb kwm yuav tsum qhia cov thawj coj tub rog Asmeskas tias ib qho twg, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab cov txheej txheem tsim qauv tsim los ua kom muaj kev kub ntxhov rau USSR, thiab tom qab ntawd Lavxias teb sab Federation, ua rau muaj kev xav tsim kom muaj kev tiv thaiv los yog muab cov lus teb zoo sib xws. Ib qho piv txwv yog Tu-160, "White Swan", uas yog ib qho kev sib tw sib ntaus sib tua-missile carrier.

Tu-160 yog cov lus teb rau B-1

Los ntawm nruab nrab xyoo pua hauv Tebchaws Meskas tau pib sim qhov txuj ci tseem ceeb tshiab ntawm kev siv tshuab. Rockwell B-1 yog ib tug formidable aircraft, ua rau lub siab tshaj plaws qauv ntawm niaj hnub aviation technology. Qhov sib txawv tis geometry, supersonic (Mach 2, 2), 34 tons ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua, lub qab nthab siab tshaj 18,000 meters, tag nrho cov yam ntxwv no tau ua kom muaj peev xwm nqa tau 24 lub foob pob hluav taws mus rau lub hom phiaj nyob deb ntawm 10 txhiab kilometers. Yog tias nws hloov tawm tias qhov no tsis txaus, koj tuaj yeem dai yim sab nraud ntxiv. Qhov project tau tshaj tawm nrog cov nplais Asmeskas tiag tiag,Lub nkoj caij nkoj no yuav tsum plunge tag nrho lub ntiaj teb mus rau hauv ntshai heev thiab despondency, tab sis ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov lub teb chaws ntawm ib tug muaj peev xwm yeeb ncuab, cov pej xeem ntawm lub USSR thiab lub Soviet tub rog-kev coj noj coj ua. Nyob rau hauv lub lig seventies, caj npab kev sib tw intensified. Tshiab high-tech kev hem thawj tau tshwm sim:

- lub foob pob hluav taws xob uas rhuav tshem tag nrho lub neej nrog lub suab nrov tsawg kawg;

- nkoj foob pob hluav taws ya qis thiab tawm mus txog ntawm Soviet radars;

- tus nqa khoom tshiab tshaj plaws ntawm cov riam phom saum toj no B-1.

Ntau cov ntawv xov xwm, ob qho tib si txawv teb chaws thiab Soviet, luam tawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Asmeskas "Lancer" thiab nws daim duab. Tu-160 "White Swan" nyob rau hauv 1981 twb ua nws thawj zaug ya, tab sis rau lub sij hawm tam sim no, tsis muaj leej twg hais txog nws thiab tsis muaj cov duab tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv cov ntawv xov xwm.

Swan parameters

Ob lub dav hlau zoo sib xws, pab pawg Tupolev tau ua pov thawj Asmeskas cov tswv yim ua lub hauv paus. Plaub lub cav muaj zog, txhim kho tag nrho tom qab qhov hluav taws xob muaj zog txog li 100,000 kgf, nyob hauv qab tis ntawm ob sab ntawm lub fuselage. Tab sis qhov zoo sib xws sab nraud tsis tiv thaiv Tu-160 los ntawm kev ua kom muaj zog ntau dua. Lub "White Swan", uas yog lub dav hlau dav hlau, muaj peev xwm nqa tau 45 tons ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua, nws lub qab nthab yog 21,000 meters, thiab nws qhov dav dav yuav luag 14,000 km yam tsis muaj refueling. Ib yam li B-1, cov neeg coob muaj 4 tus neeg, thiab txij li lub tsheb tuaj yeem nyob hauv huab cua ntev tshaj li ib hnub thaum lub sijhawm sib ntaus sib tua, txhua yam kev nplij siab tau tsim rau nws, suav nrog cov chaw pw, lub qhov rooj thiab lwm yam.chaw. Lub dav hlau Tu-160 "White Swan" tau txais nws qhov tsis raug cai, tab sis lub npe siv tsis yog rau nws cov qauv zoo nkauj aerodynamic, tab sis kuj rau cov xim uas qhia txog hnub ci hluav taws xob kom tsis txhob muaj cua sov.

Yuav ua li cas cov "Swans" raug tua

Xyoo 1991, USSR tau tawg, uas cuam tshuam ntau yam ntawm kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb ntawm yav dhau los cov pej xeem Soviet. Rau qhov loj, qhov kev tshwm sim no tseem cuam tshuam rau kev tiv thaiv kev muaj peev xwm ntawm cov koom pheej uas yav dhau los tsim ib lub xeev. Lub "White Swans" ntawm Tu-160 tau muab faib ua ob pab pawg, 194th huab cua tub rog, uas tau ua tub rog nrog 19 units ntawm cov tub rog siv phom sij, tseem nyob hauv thaj chaw ntawm Ukraine. Tau ntau xyoo lawv tau sawv ntsug, thiab xyoo 1998 lawv tau pib txiav rau hauv cov khoom seem ntawm Asmeskas cov neeg sawv cev, uas zoo siab tawm tswv yim txog qhov xwm txheej no. Muaj ob lub laj thawj tseem ceeb rau qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm Ukrainian thawj coj. Ua ntej, tsis muaj nyiaj rau kev ua haujlwm thiab kev saib xyuas cov dav hlau kim thiab nyuaj. Qhov thib ob, Ukraine, nrog nws cov lus qhuab qhia tsis yog tub rog, tsis xav tau Tu-160 "White Swan". Cov riam phom ntawm lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb tau raug pov tseg ntau heev, tib txoj hmoo tos kuv lub foob pob hluav taws thiab lwm yam ntawm USSR foob pob hluav taws. Ib lub kaum os ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws thiab muaj zog tshaj plaws kev sib ntaus sib tua aircraft nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no tswj txiav.

Heroes tig mus ua Dawb Swans

Qhov laj thawj tib yam uas tau tua kaum units ntawm lub dav hlau zoo kawg nkaus hauv Soviet tsim, ironically tig los ua ib qho kev txuag rau cov dav hlau uas tseem tshuav. Lawv raug hloov mus rau roj, themuas Ukraine tsis muaj dab tsi ntxiv. Rau 100 cruise missiles, yim Tu-95 Bears thiab yim seem White Swan Tu-160s tau txais txiaj ntsig rau $ 285 lab ntawm cov nuj nqis sab nraud. Lub hom phiaj ntawm cov txheej txheem tau txais qhov chaw tshiab. Lawv tau los ua lub nroog ntawm Engels, lub ancient Pokrovsk, nyob thoob plaws lub Volga los ntawm Saratov. Ib lub dav hlau tseem nyob hauv Ukraine ua lub tsev khaws khoom pov thawj.

Tau txais lawv "nuv", Lavxias Air Force pov tseg ntawm lawv txoj kev lag luam. Cov tshuab yog nyob rau hauv zoo heev technical mob, undergo modernization thiab los ntawm lub sij hawm mus rau lub sij hawm ua ntev-nyob deb flights (xws li nyob rau hauv 2008 rau Venezuela, piv txwv li). Yuav luag txhua tus ntawm lawv, zoo li cov nkoj nkoj hiav txwv, ntxiv rau cov lej sab, muaj lawv tus kheej lub npe ntawm kev hwm ntawm cov neeg muaj npe, xws li General Yermolov, Nikolai Kuznetsov, Valery Chkalov thiab lwm tus. Ntawm lawv yog Ilya Muromets thiab tus tsim dav hlau loj Andrey Tupolev.