Nrog rau kev txhim kho aviation thev naus laus zis siv rau kev ua haujlwm sib ntaus sib tua, yuav tsum muaj mos txwv uas tuaj yeem rhuav tshem cov yeeb ncuab hauv av hauv cheeb tsam loj. Cov foob pob hluav taws tau tshwm sim nyob rau hnub ua ntej Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib 1. Cov no yog cov khoom siv thaum ub, suav nrog lub thawv nrog roj av thiab ib qho inertial fuse, lub hauv paus uas yog ib qho phom sij zoo tib yam.
Nyob rau hauv lub 30s ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, lub thiaj li hu ua phosphorus pob tau siv rau kev foob pob. Lub filling rau lawv yog daj phosphorus nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm granules 15-20 mm nyob rau hauv loj. Thaum xws li ib lub pob tau poob, nws tau muab tso rau hauv hluav taws, thiab nyob ze rau hauv av, hlawv cov khoom ntawm phosphorus, tau hlawv tawm lub plhaub, tawg khiav ri niab, npog ib cheeb tsam loj nrog ib tug fiery nag. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txau ignited pellets los ntawm cov dav hlau tshwj xeeb tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm qhov siab qis kuj tau siv.
Thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, tib neeg thawj zaug paub tias lub foob pob phosphorus yog dab tsi nyob rau hauv daim ntawv uas nws muaj niaj hnub no. Nws yog ib lub thawv ntim nrog phosphorus pob uas hnyav los ntawm 100 mus rau 300 g, nrog tag nrho qhov hnyav txog li ib tuj. Cov mos txwv zoo li no tau poob los ntawm qhov siab txog 2 km thiab tawg 300 m ntawm hauv av. Niaj hnub no, cov tshuaj tua kab mob ua rauLub hauv paus ntawm phosphorus nyob rau hauv cov tub rog muaj zog tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm tag nrho cov mos txwv siv rau kev foob pob.
YWhite Phosphorus
Ntawm tag nrho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas siv rau hauv cov foob pob hluav taws, cov phosphorus dawb nyob hauv ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb. Qhov no yog vim nws cov khoom tshwj xeeb tshuaj thiab, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, mus rau combustion kub ncav cuag 800-1000 degrees Celsius. Lwm qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog lub peev xwm ntawm cov khoom no kom ignite spontaneously thaum cuam tshuam nrog oxygen hauv huab cua. Thaum kub hnyiab, cov phosphorus dawb emits cov pa luam yeeb tuab, uas tseem ua rau kub hnyiab rau hauv qhov ua pa sab hauv thiab ua rau lub cev lom.
koob tshuaj 0.05-0.1 g yog tuag rau tib neeg. Dawb phosphorus tau txais kev tsim khoom los ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm phosphorites lossis apatites nrog silica thiab coke ntawm qhov kub ntawm 1600 degrees. Outwardly, nws zoo li paraffin, nws yog yooj yim deformed thiab txiav, uas ua rau nws yooj yim heev rau equipping tej mos txwv. Tseem muaj cov foob pob khoom nrog cov yas dawb phosphorus. Plastification yog ua tiav los ntawm kev ntxiv cov kua roj hmab hluavtaws.
Hom incendiary phosphorus munitions
Hnub no muaj ntau hom riam phom uas cov khoom puas tsuaj yog dawb phosphorus:
- air foob pob;
- rockets;
- phom loj;
- mortar plhaub;
- tes grenades.
Thawj ob hom mos txwv yog qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws, vim tias lawv muaj peev xwm ua kom puas tsuaj ntau dua li lwm tus.
phosphorus foob pob yog dab tsi
Niaj hnub phosphorus foob pob yog aviation munitions uas muaj lub cev, ib tug combustible muab tub lim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm dawb phosphorus los yog ib tug complex nqi ntawm ob peb sib tov, raws li zoo raws li ib tug mechanism rau nws ignition. Lawv tuaj yeem raug muab faib ua ob hom raws li txoj kev ua haujlwm: hauv huab cua thiab tom qab tsoo saum npoo. Cov qub tau qhib los ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob tswj hwm, raws li qhov siab xav tau thiab kev ya davhlau ceev ntawm lub dav hlau, qhov kawg tawg ncaj qha rau ntawm qhov cuam tshuam.
Lub cev ntawm lub foob pob saum toj no feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov hlau nplaum hu ua "electron", uas muaj magnesium thiab txhuas, uas kub hnyiab nrog cov sib tov. Feem ntau, lwm yam combustible tshuaj, xws li napalm los yog thermite, yog ntxiv rau phosphorus, uas ua rau kom lub combustion kub ntawm cov sib tov. Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub foob pob phosphorus zoo ib yam li qhov tawg ntawm lub foob pob ntim nrog napalm. Qhov kub combustion ntawm ob yam khoom yog kwv yees li tib yam (800-1000 degrees), txawm li cas los xij, rau phosphorus thiab napalm nyob rau hauv cov mos txwv niaj hnub no, daim duab no siab tshaj 2000˚ С.
Cov tub rog huab cua ntawm qee cov tub rog tau ua tub rog nrog cov foob pob tawg, uas yog lub thawv tshwj xeeb ntim nrog ntau lub foob pob me. Lub thawv poob yog tswj los ntawm onboard surveillance system thiab qhib ntawm qhov siab, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm rau cov mos txwv tseem ceeb ntaus lub hom phiaj kom raug. Txhawm rau kom nkag siab tias lub foob pob phosphorus yog dab tsi, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau paub txog qhov txaus ntshai tshwm sim los ntawm nws qhov kev puas tsuaj.
cuam tshuam rau
Thaum siv cov phosphorus dawb ua roj rau lub foob pob hluav taws, ntau yam kev puas tsuaj tau txais:
- muaj nplaim taws kub hnyiab ntawm qhov sib tov ntawm qhov kub txog 2000 ˚ C, ua rau kub hnyiab, raug mob txaus ntshai thiab mob tuag;
- cov pa phem uas ua rau muaj kev ua pa thiab ua pa ntawm txoj hlab pa;
- burnout ntawm oxygen hauv thaj tsam ntawm daim ntawv thov, ua rau tuag taus;
- kev puas tsuaj tshwm sim los ntawm qhov nws pom.
Ib pob phosphorus me me, tawg ntawm qhov siab, tsoo thaj tsam ntawm 100-200 square metres, npog txhua yam nyob ib puag ncig nrog hluav taws. Tau txais nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev, hais txog hlawv slag thiab phosphorus stick thiab char organic ntaub so ntswg. Koj tuaj yeem nres hluav taws los ntawm thaiv qhov nkag ntawm oxygen.
Tshwj xeeb phosphorus foob pob kuj siv los kov yeej cov yeeb ncuab hauv npog. Kub rau 1500-2000 ˚С, qhov sib tov sib xyaw muaj peev xwm hlawv los ntawm cov cuab yeej cuab tam thiab txawm tias cov pob zeb hauv pem teb, thiab muab cov pa oxygen hauv huab cua sai sai ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, muaj feem muaj sia nyob. nkaum hauv qab daus, dugout los yog lwm yam npog, yuav luag tsis muaj.
Nws yog los ntawm strangulation uas tau tua ntau pua tus neeg Nyab Laj Nyab Laj thaum lub foob pob ntawm US Air Force. Cov neeg no pom kev tuag nyob rau hauv cov av ua ntej khawb, tsis paub tias lub foob pob hluav taws yog dab tsi.
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev siv phosphorus munitions
Thaum lub sij hawm combustion ntawm napalm thiab phosphorus, ib pawg ntawmCov tshuaj lom tshuaj lom neeg, ntawm cov dioxin yog cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj zog, muaj zog carcinogenic thiab mutagenic zog. Thaum lub sij hawm Vietnam phiaj los nqis tes, American aviation nquag siv napalm thiab phosphorus foob pob. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov khoom ntawm combustion ntawm cov tshuaj no ntawm tib neeg lub cev tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv peb lub sijhawm. Hauv cov cheeb tsam uas tau raug foob pob tawg, cov menyuam yaus tseem tab tom yug los nrog qhov txawv txav loj thiab hloov pauv.
Phosphoric Bomb Ban
Phosphorus munitions tsis raug cais raws li riam phom ntawm kev puas tsuaj loj, tab sis lawv siv yog txwv los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm UN Convention. Cov ntaub ntawv no tswj hwm lawv cov kev siv rau kev ua tub rog thiab txwv tsis pub lawv siv rau kev tawm tsam tawm tsam pej xeem lub hom phiaj. Raws li txoj cai, phosphorus foob pob raug txwv tsis pub siv nyob rau hauv thiab ib ncig ntawm thaj chaw muaj neeg nyob, txawm tias muaj chaw tub rog nyob ntawd.
Paub qhov tseeb txog kev siv cov phom phosphorus hauv peb lub sijhawm
Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm hauv Kaus Lim Qab Teb xyoo 1980s ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, cov tub rog Nyab Laj tau siv lub foob pob hluav taws uas tsis muaj peev xwm thauj cov phosphorus dawb los rhuav tshem cov Khmer Rouge. foob pob hluav taws phosphorus shells tau siv los ntawm British txawj ntse cov kev pab cuam nyob rau hauv 2003 nyob ze lub nroog ntawm Basra nyob rau hauv Iraq.
Ib xyoos tom qab, hauv Iraq, cov tub rog Asmeskas siv phosphorus foob pob hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua rau Fallujah. Koj tuaj yeem pom daim duab ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov kev foob pob no hauv kab lus. Hauv xyoo 2006 thiab 2009, cov tub rog Israeli siv cov phom phosphorus thaum Tsov Rog Lebanon thib ob.kev ua tsov ua rog, nrog rau hauv Gaza Sawb thaum lub sij hawm ua haujlwm Cast Lead.
Yuav ua li cas tiv thaiv koj tus kheej los ntawm kev kub hnyiab phosphorus
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv koj tus kheej kom ntau li ntau tau los ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov mos txwv phosphorus, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum paub meej txog hom riam phom siv. Yog tias phosphorus foob pob raug siv los ntawm lub dav hlau, nrog rau cov nplaim taws ya mus rau hauv qab thiab cov pa taws dawb, lossis thaj chaw kub hnyiab tom qab tawg, koj yuav tsum tawm ntawm thaj chaw cuam tshuam tam sim ntawd, txav mus rau qhov tsis muaj cua.
Ua qhov chaw nkaum, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv cov chav nrog lub qab nthab thiab yuam kom cua. Yog tias tsis pom qhov chaw zoo li no, hauv qab daus, trenches, pits, tsheb yuav tsum tau siv, npog nws tus kheej nrog cov txheej txheem improvised, uas tuaj yeem yog hlau lossis ntoo thaiv, boards, awnings, thiab lwm yam, muab tias lawv tsuas yog muab kev tiv thaiv luv luv..
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kab mob ua pa, lim lub qhov ncauj qhov ntswg, lub tshuab ua pa los yog daim ntaub mos muag hauv cov kua dej qab zib yuav tsum tau siv. Yog tias qhov sib xyaw ua kom kub hnyiab tau ntawm cov khaub ncaws lossis qhov chaw qhib ntawm daim tawv nqaij, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tua cov nplaim taws los ntawm kev npog thaj tsam cuam tshuam nrog ib daim ntaub, thaiv kev nkag mus ntawm oxygen. Nyob rau hauv tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau lub nplaim yuav tsum tau tsoo los ntawm rubbing, txij li thaum lub burning cheeb tsam yuav nce nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no. Nws tsis raug tso cai rau kev tua thiab siv dej vim muaj peev xwm txau cov tshuaj sib tov sib xyaw. Nws tseem yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account tias quenched dawb phosphorus hais tuaj yeem ignite dua.
