John Major yog tus uas hloov Margaret Thatcher

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 08:06

John Major tau los ua tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm lub sijhawm nyuaj rau UK. Nws yog tus uas hloov tus thawj coj ntawm Conservatives, Margaret Thatcher.

Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm, ntxiv rau cov ntaub ntawv hais txog John Major, koj tuaj yeem kawm txog cov kev nom kev tswv niaj hnub ntawm Great Britain, thiab paub meej txog cov tog neeg ntawm Great Britain.

pib ua haujlwm

Tus thawj nom tswv yav tom ntej tau yug los rau lub Tsib Hlis 29, 1943 hauv London. Nws txiv yog yav tas los ua yeeb yam ua yeeb yam uas tau los ua tus thawj coj ua yeeb yam.

John Major tau nyiam ua nom ua tswv txij thaum yau. Thaum pib ntawm txoj kev taug kev, nws tau hais lus nyob rau hauv ib qho ntawm kev lag luam hauv Brixton, qhov chaw uas muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis tu ncua. Xyoo 1964, ib tug tub hluas tau raug xaiv los ua pawg sab laj ntawm ib cheeb tsam. Nws tau txais txoj hauj lwm ntawm tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm ib qho ntawm pawg neeg. Cov cheeb tsam loj tau hloov pauv xyoo 1971 thiab poob nws lub rooj zaum ntawm pawg sab laj hauv kev xaiv tsa.

Gene Kierens tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus thawj nom tswv yav tom ntej. Tus poj niam laus dua nws kaum peb xyoos. Nws tau los ua nws tus cob qhia thiab tom qab ntawd nws tus hlub. Ua tsaug rau nws, Major tau ua siab ntev, kawm ntau yam kev nom kev tswvkev dag. Kev sib raug zoo ntawm John thiab Jean txuas ntxiv txij xyoo 1963-1968.

Ua ntej nws xaiv tsa rau Parliament, Major tau ua haujlwm hauv tuam txhab nyiaj.

Ua haujlwm hauv Parliament

John Major tau sim nkag mus rau hauv Parliament xyoo 1974, tab sis ua tsis tiav. Nws raug xaiv nyob rau hauv 1979 kev xaiv tsa, uas nws tau khiav rau Conservatives. Nws tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm lub nroog Huntingdonshire. Nws tau rov xaiv dua nyob rau xyoo 1987, 1992, 1997.

Tsoomfwv txoj haujlwm:

• Secretary of Parliament;
• Deputy Minister rau Social Affairs;
• Minister of Social Affairs;
• Tus Lwm Thawj Fwm Tsav Tebchaws ntawm Nyiaj Txiag;
• Foreign Minister;
• Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws ntawm Exchequer.

Xyoo 1990, Cov Neeg Saib Xyuas tau xaiv tsa thawj coj rov los. Margaret Thatcher yeej thawj zaug, tab sis vim muaj kev sib cais hauv tog, nws tau thim nws qhov kev xaiv tsa los ntawm qhov thib ob. John Major yeej qhov kev xaiv tsa no thiab raug xaiv tsa thawj nom tswv rau 1990-27-11.

Premiership

Thaum nws tuav haujlwm ua tus thawj nom tswv, Major tau ntsib cov teeb meem hauv qab no:

• pib ntawm Gulf War;
• qhov xwm txheej tseem ceeb hauv Northern Ireland;
• kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb;
• "Black Wednesday" - teeb meem nyiaj txiag vim kev xav txog txiaj ntsig thiab poob ntawm phaus Askiv.

tsoom fwv

Tsoomfwv ntawm John Major tau ua haujlwm txij xyoo 1990 txog rau xyoo 1997. Lub sijhawm no, cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Parliament tau sim ua tiavkev daws teeb meem ntawm Northern Ireland. Thaum lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav xyoo 1992, kev sib tham pib. Lawv rub rau ntau xyoo, cov ntshav ntau tau los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov koom haum ua phem. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, los ntawm 1996, kev sib tham tau mus txog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg, poob rau hauv cov teeb meem txheej txheem.

Tsoomfwv tau txuas ntxiv txoj cai ntawm kev ua lag luam ntiag tug. Vim qhov kev kaw ntawm cov mines tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, kev tawm tsam loj ntawm cov miners tau pib. Los ntawm 1993, parliament tau muab txoj kev mus ua ntej rau kev ua lag luam ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau.

Kev nyuaj siab tshwm sim hauv European kev nom kev tswv.

Raws li qee tus kws tshaj lij, John Major txoj cai tsis muaj kev txiav txim siab. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov teeb meem ntawm kev tshem tawm phaus los ntawm European monetary system. Yog tias Thawj Fwm Tsav Tebchaws tau thim phaus thaum pib muaj teebmeem, ntau lab phaus yuav tsis raug nkim.

Txawm tias lwm tus neeg ua nom ua tswv xav li cas txog nws qhov kev ua, Major tau tswj hwm tus thawj tswj hwm mus txog thaum xyoo 1992 kev xaiv tsa. Cov Conservatives tau kwv yees yuav poob los ntawm Labor. Tab sis qhov kev sib tw coj los ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm cov neeg saib xyuas coj nws yeej. Nws tau los ua Prime Minister dua.

Nws tseem nyob hauv chaw ua haujlwm kom txog rau thaum xyoo 1997 kev xaiv tsa, uas cov neeg saib xyuas tau kov yeej los ntawm Labor Party. Tony Blair yog tus Thawj Fwm Tsav Tebchaws tshiab.

Nws tau tshwm sim hauv keeb kwm uas nyob rau hauv UK cov tog tseem ceeb yog cov Conservatives, Liberals, thiab tom qab Labor Party. Puas muaj lwm lub teb chaws?

Modern party system

Hauv nws keeb kwm, UK tog system tsis tau hloov pauv tseem ceeb. Txawm li cas los, txij li thaumRaws li lub sij hawm dhau mus, muaj ntau tog. Txawm tias qhov nrov tshaj plaws thiab tseem ceeb yog ob ntawm lawv. Nws yog lawv cov uas tawm tsam rau qhov tseem ceeb.

Main UK tog:

• Nyob zoo ib tsoom phooj ywg.
• Labour.

Cov Liberal Democrats thiab PNSC kuj suav hais tias loj heev. Muaj txog nees nkaum tog tau sau npe thiab ua haujlwm hauv lub tebchaws. Ib txhia ntawm lawv sawv cev hauv Parliament.

UK tog xaiv tsa rau Parliament:

• Kev saib xyuas - Founded hauv 1870. Nws cov yawg koob yog Tories.
• PNUK (Independence Party of the United Kingdom) - nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv 1993. Lub Anti-Federalist Union tau los ua cov progenitors. Cov tog tau pom zoo tawm ntawm European Union.
• Liberal - nrhiav tau hauv 1988 los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev ywj pheej thiab kev ywj pheej.
• Labour - Founded in 1900. Ua zog txij xyoo 1997 mus txog niaj hnub no.
• Scottish National - nrhiav tau hauv xyoo 1928. Txhawb kev ywj pheej Scottish.
• Wales (Plaid Camry) - Tsim muaj xyoo 1925. Cov neeg tawm suab rau Wales los tswj tus kheej.
• Ulster Unionist Party - tsim xyoo 1905.