Yuav luag txhua tus neeg taug kev uas pom lawv tus kheej hauv tebchaws Askiv zoo li mus xyuas nws lub peev. Tsis xav tsis thoob, vim tias keeb kwm ntawm London tau mus txog li ob txhiab xyoo, tag nrho ntawm cov xwm txheej, suav nrog cov ntshav. Yuav hais li cas txog kev tsim thiab kev loj hlob ntawm kev nom kev tswv, kev lag luam thiab kev coj noj coj ua ntawm lub tebchaws United Kingdom, nws qhov kev nthuav dav?
Keeb Kwm ntawm London: Pib
Thawj qhov hais txog lub peev ntawm pos huab Albion hnub rov qab mus rau 43 AD. Qhov tseeb, keeb kwm ntawm London pib nrog kev tsaws ntawm Roman legionnaires hauv British Isles. Txav mus rau hauv av, cov tub rog tau ntsib nrog kev cuam tshuam, uas tau los ua tus nto moo Thames. Hla tus dej txhais tau tias tsim ib tug choj. Txhawm rau ua haujlwm, cov neeg Loos raug yuam kom tsim ib lub yeej nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm Thames, uas tau txais lub npe Londinium.
Raws li cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb Tacitus, twb nyob rau hauv 51 kev sib hais haum tshiabkhwv tau lub npe ntawm kev lag luam ruaj khov. Thaum xub thawj nws tau nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm lub ntiaj teb phab ntsa, tom qab ntawd (kwv yees thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua plaub) nws tau hloov los ntawm phab ntsa pob zeb. Keeb kwm ntawm London qhia tau hais tias lub nroog tau dhau los ntawm lub sijhawm nyuaj uas cuam tshuam nrog kev tawg ntawm Roman faj tim teb chaws. Cov vaj tse raug rhuav tshem, cov neeg nyob hauv lub nroog poob qis heev. Txawm li cas los, twb nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua xya, London pib revive. Thaum ntawd lub nroog thiaj li tau txais thawj lub tsev teev ntuj npe hu ua St. Paul.
Nyob rau xyoo pua cuaj, lub koob npe nrov ntawm lub chaw lag luam rov qab mus rau yav dhau los Londinium, tab sis qhov teeb meem tshiab tshwm sim - Viking raids. Kev txiav txim tsuas yog tswj hwm los ntawm huab tais Edward tus Confessor, uas nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 11th tshaj tawm Anglo-Saxon supremacy hauv nroog.
Hnub Nyoog Kawg
Keeb kwm ntawm London thaum Hnub Nyoog Nrab Hnub nyoog tseem muaj ntau yam xwm txheej. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 11th, Westminster Abbey tau tsim nyob rau hauv nws thaj chaw, uas lub npe nrov William tus Conqueror tau crowned nyob rau hauv 1066. Los ntawm kev siv zog ntawm vaj ntxwv, kev sib haum xeeb tau ua nplua nuj thiab loj. Xyoo 1209, tus choj London nto moo tau tsim, hla lub Thames, nws kav ntev txog 600 xyoo.
Lub sijhawm lub sijhawm hla 12th, 13th thiab 14th centuries ua pov thawj tias yog ib qho nyuaj rau kev sib hais haum no. Keeb kwm ntawm lub nroog London qhia tau hais tias nws tau luv luv los ntawm Fab Kis thiab tau dim ntawm kev tawm tsam ntawm cov neeg ua liaj ua teb. Plague kuj dhau los ua teeb meem loj.
Lub sijhawm ntawm Tudor dynasty tau ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau lub peev ntawm pos huab Albion. Lub sijhawm ntawd, London yog qhov loj tshaj plaws European kev lag luamchaw. Kev qaug zog ntawm Spain, uas tau kov yeej kev tsov rog xyoo 1588, tau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau nws txoj kev loj hlob.
sijhawm tshiab
Cov Tudors tau hloov los ntawm Stuarts, tab sis lub peev tseem vam meej. Los ntawm txoj kev, London tau txais cov xwm txheej ntawm lub nroog loj ntawm Great Britain hauv 1707. Nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo pua, lub restoration ntawm St. Paul lub Cathedral, puas los ntawm hluav taws, kev tsim kho ntawm Westminster Choj tshwm sim. Buckingham Palace hloov mus rau qhov chaw nyob tseem ceeb ntawm cov vajntxwv.
Nyob rau xyoo 19th thiab 20th, lub nroog tau ntsib kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam hauv nroog, cov neeg nyob hauv nws tau nce mus rau ib lab tus tib neeg. Nyob rau hauv 1836, kev tsim kho ntawm railways pib, nyob rau hauv 1863 lub underground nyob rau hauv London. Tau kawg, muaj teeb meem, piv txwv li, kab mob cholera, uas tau piav qhia yooj yim los ntawm kev loj hlob sai ntawm cov pejxeem.
Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev poob kev txom nyem thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, kuj muaj keeb kwm ntawm London. Luv luv: lub peev pheej raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kev foob pob ntawm cov yeeb ncuab dav hlau, ntau lub tsev raug puas tsuaj. Tsuas yog kwv yees tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg raug mob tuag coob leej paub - 30 txhiab tus neeg.
Kev piav qhia
Tau kawg, tsis yog keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim London nkaus xwb. Lub nroog tseem ceeb ntawm tebchaws United Kingdom niaj hnub no yog dab tsi? Nws paub tias qhov kev sib hais haum no yog lub nroog thib ob loj tshaj plaws nyob hauv Europe. Nws cheeb tsam yog kwv yees li 1580 square kilometers.
Puas muaj pes tsawg tus neeg nyob hauv lub nroog Foggy Albion? Raws liRaws li cov ntaub ntawv tshiab, tus lej no yog kwv yees li 8.5 lab tus tib neeg. Cov neeg nyob hauv nroog tsis yog tsuas yog cov neeg Askiv xwb, tab sis kuj yog Irish, Asians, Khab thiab lwm yam.
Npaj qhov tseeb
Keeb kwm ntawm London hais tias lub nroog tsis ib txwm ris nws lub npe niaj hnub. Hauv ntau qhov xwm txheej uas tau muaj sia nyob rau niaj hnub no, qhov kev sib hais haum no tau hais tias yog Londinium, Ludenburg, Ludenvik. Lub xyoo pua 17th yog suav hais tias yog cov ntshav siab tshaj plaws hauv keeb kwm ntawm lub nroog, nws yog lub sijhawm no uas nws cov neeg nyob tau ntsib kev ntxhov siab xws li Great Plague, uas tau thov lub neej ntawm ntau dua 60 txhiab tus neeg, Qhov Hluav Taws Kub Loj ntawm London, uas tau rhuav tshem ntau yam. vaj tse ntawm keeb kwm muaj nqis.
Cov neeg hauv zos feem ntau hu lawv lub nroog ua "cov pa luam yeeb loj". Qhov no yog vim lub Great Smog, ib qho kev puas tsuaj uas tshwm sim xyoo 1952. Tsis pub dhau tsib hnub, qhov kev sib hais haum tau shrouded nyob rau hauv cov pa luam yeeb, qhov no tshwm sim los ntawm ib tug ntau heev concentration ntawm kev lag luam kev lag luam nyob rau hauv nws lub teb chaws. Cov smog loj heev tau ua rau kwv yees li plaub txhiab tus neeg txoj sia.
Tsis muaj Underground hauv ntiaj teb ua ntej London. Nws cov neeg nyob hauv London tau lub npe menyuam yaus "pipe", vim tias feem ntau ntawm cov qhov av muaj qhov zoo li no.
London History Museum
Cov neeg nyob hauv lub nroog Askiv ua tib zoo saib xyuas keeb kwm ntawm lawv lub nroog. Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej Keeb Kwm London, uas nws cov khoom pov thawj tau ntev tshaj li ib lab, tuaj yeem ua pov thawj. Lub tsev no muaj txhua yam uas txuas nrog lub neej ntawm kev sib hais haum, pib txij lub sijhawm ua ntej nws lub hauv paus.
Lub tsev khaws puav pheej qhib thaum xyoo 1976, nws nyob ib sab ntawm St. Paul's Cathedral. Nws tuaj yeem tuaj xyuas dawb los ntawm txhua tus. Tam sim no, tus Tswv Tus Tswv Cuab lub tsheb thauj khoom yog suav tias yog qhov nthuav qhia tshaj plaws.
Museum of Natural History
Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej Ntuj Keeb Kwm hauv London tau tshwm sim hauv xyoo 1881, thaum xub thawj nws ua haujlwm ua ib feem ntawm British Tsev khaws puav pheej, tom qab raug cais tawm ntawm nws. Lub tsev muaj npe nrov rau cov khoom pov thawj tsawg los ntawm lub ntiaj teb ntawm zoology, botany, mineralogy, paleontology. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, nws qhov kev nyiam ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv thiab cov neeg tuaj xyuas hauv nroog yog vim qhov tseeb tias ntawm cov khoom pov thawj muaj cov seem ntawm dinosaurs.
Piv txwv li, hauv Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Natural History (nws lub npe thib ob) koj tuaj yeem pom cov pob txha ntawm diplodocus, qhov ntev yog 26 meters. Tus qauv tshuab ntawm Tyrannosaurus rex kuj tau qhia rau cov qhua.
Nyob zoo ib tsoom phooj ywg sawv daws
Zoo hmoo, qhov xwm txheej keeb kwm ntawm London raug kaw tsis yog hauv phau ntawv kawm xwb. Nws tuaj yeem kawm los ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav qhov pom uas lub peev ntawm Foggy Albion yog deservedly nto moo rau. Piv txwv li, Ntauwd ntawm London yog ib lub fortress uas muaj nyob rau ntau tshaj 900 xyoo thiab tau npog yuav luag tag nrho cov ntshav keeb kwm ntawm Great Britain. Tam sim no, nws tau hloov mus ua ib lub tsev khaws puav pheej tshwj xeeb, uas muaj ntau yam khoom nthuav tawm.
Westminster Abbey yog ib qho piv txwv zoo ntawm Gothic architecture uas muaj nyob rau ntau pua xyoo thiab zoo siab nrog nws cov elegance. Nws nyob ntawm no rau ntau tshaj ib txhiab xyoolub coronation ntawm English rulers, ntawm no yog lub ntxa ntawm cov neeg sawv cev tseem ceeb ntawm lub teb chaws - tsis tsuas yog huab tais, tab sis kuj zaum thiab sau ntawv. Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej British muaj xws li ntau cov khoom pov thawj uas nws tsis tuaj yeem kawm lawv txhua tus txawm tias ob peb hnub. Thaj chaw ntawm lub tsev yog 6 hectares. Tsis hais txog Buckingham Palace, uas muaj 775 chav.
