Frigate "Admiral Grigorovich": duab, kev tsim kho thiab tso tawm

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Frigate "Admiral Grigorovich": duab, kev tsim kho thiab tso tawm
Frigate "Admiral Grigorovich": duab, kev tsim kho thiab tso tawm

Video: Frigate "Admiral Grigorovich": duab, kev tsim kho thiab tso tawm

Video: Frigate
Video: Russian Navy Admiral Grigorovich class frigate ADMIRAL GRIGOROVICH 494 transits Istanbul strait 2024, Kaum ib hlis
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Lub zog tub rog rov tshwm sim ntawm Russia txaus siab rau txhua tus neeg hlub tiag. Tom qab ntau xyoo, thaum lub nkoj poob rau hauv kev lwj, nws qhov kev rov qab los thaum kawg tau pib, nrog rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua tshiab uas ua tau raws li cov cai ntawm lub xyoo pua tshiab. Ntawm lawv yog Project 11356 frigate Admiral Grigorovich, launched rau lub Peb Hlis 14, 2014.

Frigate Admiral Grigorovich
Frigate Admiral Grigorovich

Russia frigate yog dab tsi

Nyob rau hauv Soviet kev faib tawm ntawm Navy tsis muaj cov nkoj zoo li frigate. Cov nkoj loj los tiv thaiv submarine (BPK) thiab cov nkoj saib xyuas (SK) tau tsim, uas nqa lub nra tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm USSR cov ntug dej hiav txwv ntev. Txij li thaum xyoo 1968, cov nkoj tub rog ntawm qhov project 1135, tau tsim los ntawm Yantar cog, pib nkag mus rau hauv lub arsenal ntawm lub nkoj. Ib tug series ntawm kaum yim lub nkoj, raws li ib txwm, tau muaj npe tom qab nws thawj chav tsev, Petrel. Cov kev pab cuam kuj tau nqa los ntawm Noreys (txoj haujlwm 11351), ua tau ntau dua (39 units). Qee tus ntawm lawv tseem nyob hauv kev pabcuam, tab sis lub sijhawm thiab dej hiav txwvnthwv dej tsis muaj kev hlub tshua, cov cuab yeej zoo li hnav tawm thiab loj hlob ntawm kev coj ncaj ncees. Cov kev paub tau txais los ntawm shipbuilders nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov hom no yog muab rau hauv tus account. Lawv yuav raug hloov los ntawm ships ntawm ib tug tshiab project - 11356. chav kawm ntawv "Admiral Grigorovich" sib haum mus rau lub tswvyim ntawm "frigate" saws nyob rau hauv ntau lub ntiaj teb no fleets, ob leeg nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev khiav hauj lwm thiab kev sib ntaus sib tua muaj peev xwm. Tej zaum chav kawm no yuav pib hauv paus hauv Lavxias Navy.

Nyob rau lub nkoj thiab koob npe

Txoj haujlwm Admiral Grigorovich nyob rau xyoo tom ntej yuav txuas ntxiv los ntawm plaub lub frigates ntxiv uas twb tau tso lawm, coj cov npe ntawm cov neeg nto moo Lavxias teb sab Essen, Makarov, Butakov thiab Istomin. Cov tub rog tub rog no paub tshwj xeeb rau cov neeg nyiam keeb kwm ntawm Russia thiab nws cov tub rog. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv tau nto moo thaum lub sij hawm heroic tiv thaiv ntawm Port Arthur thaum lub sij hawm Russo-Japanese Tsov rog ntawm 1905-1907. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, peb cov pej xeem paub tsawg kawg ntawm txhua yam ntawm ib qho uas nws hwm lub npe ntawm lub koob npe - frigate Admiral Grigorovich. Tej zaum qhov no tshwm sim vim hais tias biography ntawm cov tub rog muaj koob muaj npe statesman tsis heev sib xws rau cov tswv yim ntawm Soviet propagandists txog kev hlub.

Frigate Admiral Grigorovich yees duab
Frigate Admiral Grigorovich yees duab

Los ntawm midshipman mus rau admiral

I. K. Grigorovich yug nyob rau hauv 1853. Nws tuaj rau lub nkoj raws li ib tug midshipman, kawm tiav ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv naval. Nws tau txais kev paub zoo heev, vim li no, raws li ib tug tub ceev xwm nees nkaum tsib xyoos, nws raug xa mus rau North American States ua ib feem ntawm ib pab pawg neeg tshwj xeeb kom tau txais plaub lub nkoj nkoj hauv chav kawm ntawv xaj los ntawm Philadelphia shipyards. Tsib xyoos tom qab, xyoo 1883,Grigorovich thawj zaug tau los ua tus thawj coj ntawm tus cwj pwm "Sorcerer", tsis tawm hauv qhov chaw nres nkoj. Nws zoo nkaus li tias txoj haujlwm tsis tau ua tiav zoo, tab sis cov tub ceev xwm pom tus tub ceev xwm muaj peev xwm, mob siab rau thiab tsis yws yws. Ntau qhov kev hloov pauv tau ua raws, cov kev pabcuam tau nyuaj dua, tab sis nthuav ntau dua.

Txoj hmoo ntawm tus thawj coj

Thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, nws tau ua tus tub rog hauv London, thiab xyoo 1904 nws tau txais kev teem caij tshiab ua tus thawj coj ntawm lub hauv paus naval hauv Port Arthur, qhov chaw nws tuaj txog ntawm tus choj ntawm Tsesarevich, ib armadillo. Thaum lub sij hawm lub Japanese siege, I. K. Grigorovich pom nws tus kheej los ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws sab, muaj kev tswj kom muaj kev tiv thaiv nrog txhua yam tsim nyog. Txij li thaum 1911, Tus Lwm Thawj Coj Admiral tau ua tus Minister of the Imperial Russia Navy. Nws cov phiaj xwm pom lawv txoj kev loj hlob tom qab xyoo 1917. Tag nrho cov kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Soviet Russia, ib feem peb ntawm cov destroyers thiab yuav luag ib nrab ntawm cov cruisers twb launched nyob rau hauv prewar xyoo raws li niaj hnub kev pab cuam tsim los ntawm Grigorovich. Txawm li cas los xij, tus neeg qhuas nws tus kheej tsis lees txais lub zog Bolshevik, nyob tom qab lub kiv puag ncig ntawm Fabkis Cote d'Azur, qhov twg - tom qab rau xyoo ntawm kev tsiv teb tsaws - nws tuag hauv 1930.

Cov tshauv ntawm cov neeg muaj koob muaj npe Lavxias teb sab thiab naval daim duab pom lawv qhov chaw so zaum kawg hauv xyoo 2005. Raws li tus neeg tuag lub siab nyiam, nws raug faus rau hauv tsev neeg lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm Nikolsky tojntxas hauv St. Petersburg.

Qhov project 11356 frigate Admiral Grigorovich
Qhov project 11356 frigate Admiral Grigorovich

Nkoj zoo li lub nkoj

Tus Admiral Grigorovich tau pib thaum Lub Peb Hlis 14, nrog qee qhov qeeb vim huab cua phem. Yawg hlob xeeb ntxwv tau koom lub koob tsheejTus thawj tub rog tub rog Artem Moskovchenko, nrog rau nws tus ntxhais xeeb ntxwv Olga Petrova, uas tau tsoo lub raj mis ntawm champagne rau ntawm qia. Yog li thawj zaug lub nkoj "Admiral Grigorovich" tau ntsib nrog lub hiav txwv nthwv dej. Daim duab tau ntes lub sijhawm solemn. Tsis muaj qhov tsis ntseeg tias kev lees paub qhov zoo ntawm tus thawj coj tub rog ua ntej nws lub tebchaws tau kov nws cov xeeb ntxwv.

Raws li ib tug txheeb ze, yawg yog ib tug thawj coj nruj, nws yeej yuav tau xyuas txhua yam, txij stern mus rau hneev, ua ntej yuav txais ib lub frigate. Grigorovich, thaj, yuav tau txaus siab rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev soj ntsuam. Lub nkoj tawm zoo heev. Tom qab tau txais txhua qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov haujlwm yav dhau los, lub nkoj muaj ntau lub hom phiaj tau txais cov khoom tshiab uas yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau cov qauv niaj hnub ntawm naval riam phom. Nws cov contours underwater muab navigability zoo heev, thiab lub hull thiab superstructures yog tsim los ntawm cov uas tsis muaj visibility technologies. Cov khoom siv sib raug rau cov cuab yeej technology tshiab thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Lub frigate Admiral Grigorovich zoo li impressive, niaj hnub thiab dynamic.

Lub nkoj xa khoom

Txhua lub nkoj ua rog tsim rau lub hom phiaj tshwj xeeb, ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb. Hom riam phom no txawv ntawm ntau lwm tus los ntawm tus nqi siab heev ntawm ob chav tsev nws tus kheej thiab nws cov haujlwm tom ntej.

Qhov project 11356 frigate "Admiral Grigorovich" yog npaj rau kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv Mediterranean phiab, thiab lub nroog ntawm Lavxias teb sab yeeb koob, Sevastopol, tau npaj los ntawm thaum pib. Lub Dub Hiav Txwv Fleet xav tau cov nkoj niaj hnub, kev ua haujlwm ntxiv ntawm NATO lub teb chaws hauv cheeb tsamyuav tsum tau teb. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev tswj hwm tus kheej (kwv yees li tsib txhiab nautical mais) kuj tso cai mus dhau ntawm thaj chaw saib xyuas, piv txwv li, tawm tsam pirates, nrog rau lwm qhov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb. Cov dej num uas Admiral Grigorovich frigate tuaj yeem daws tau ntau yam. Nws muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo tiv thaiv torpedo, huab cua thiab cuaj luaj tawm tsam, muaj peev xwm tawm tsam kev ua phem. Cov riam phom nyob rau hauv lub nkoj yog heev txaus mus ntaus tej lub hom phiaj underwater los yog nto, nrog rau cov dav hlau nqa loj-muaj peev xwm ships.

Frigate 11356 Admiral Grigorovich
Frigate 11356 Admiral Grigorovich

riam phom complex

Cov riam phom tseem ceeb ntawm lub nkoj yog Kalibr-NK launchers rau Onyx cruise missiles (3M-54TE). Muaj yim ntawm lawv, cov no yog cov txheej txheem loj heev uas tuaj yeem tsoo txhua yam khoom ntawm hiav txwv thiab hauv av. Lawv tsis muaj analogues hauv ntiaj teb no.

Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam los ntawm huab cua, lub nkoj "Admiral Grigorovich" tau nruab nrog ob lub tshuab tiv thaiv huab cua, coj lub npe "Shtil-1" (36 lub foob pob hluav taws hauv arsenal) thiab "Broadsword". Thawj ntawm lawv yog lub foob pob hluav taws ntau ntau, uas txhais tau hais tias muaj peev xwm coj thiab ntaus ntau lub hom phiaj tib lub sijhawm. Qhov thib ob yog lub foob pob hluav taws thiab cov phom loj, zoo li ob lub Kortik systems, uas tseem yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev ruaj ntseg hauv huab cua. Ob qhov kev teeb tsa A-190 tsim muaj cov phom tua ceev tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb nrog lub caliber ntawm 100 hli. Ob lub TAs txhua tus tuav peb 533 hli torpedoes. Kev tiv thaiv muaj zog yog ua tiav los ntawm lub sijhawm sim RBU-6000 lub dav hlau foob pob tawg. Thiab, ntawm chav kawm, lub frigate 11356Admiral Grigorovich, zoo li txhua lub nkoj soj ntsuam niaj hnub, tsis tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj nws tus kheej lub dav hlau hauv daim ntawv ntawm Ka-31 nyoob hoom qav taub (nws tuaj yeem siv Ka-27 PL).

Qhov tseeb ntawm Admiral Grigorovich
Qhov tseeb ntawm Admiral Grigorovich

Tsis pom kev

Hnub no, camouflage tau nkag siab tsis yog tsuas yog pleev xim rau hauv cov xim camouflage, uas muab qhov siab tshaj plaws ste alth tiv thaiv keeb kwm ntawm dej hiav txwv thiab ntuj. Qhov no kuj yog qhov tsim nyog, kev pom kev pom tseem yog ib txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv kev tshawb nrhiav, tab sis nws tseem ceeb dua kom nyob twj ywm tsis pom ntawm radars ntawm tus yeeb ncuab muaj peev xwm. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm radar tseem zoo ib yam li thaum kaj ntug ntawm nws qhov kev tsim. Qhov kev cuam tshuam siab zaus electron beam qhia ntawm qhov screen qhov chaw ntawm txhua yam khoom nce siab saum hiav txwv. Txhawm rau txo qhov pom kev pom, koj tuaj yeem ua ob txoj hauv kev: hloov pauv qhov ntws ntawm cov khoom mus rau lwm qhov kev taw qhia lossis nqus hluav taws xob. Ua ke, cov kev ntsuas no hu ua "Ste alth technologies". Qhov project 11356 frigate "Admiral Grigorovich" thiab, ntawm chav kawm, tag nrho cov tom ntej ships ntawm no series, muaj me ntsis visibility rau lub radars ntawm ib tug muaj peev xwm yeeb ncuab. Qhov no yog ua tiav los ntawm daim ntawv tshwj xeeb ntawm lub hull, nrog cov txheej txheem uas muaj cov dav hlau inclined, tshwj xeeb absorbing coatings thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, uas ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev ntes lub nkoj siv radar. Feem ntau ntawm cov riam phom thiab cov cuab yeej siv tau muab zais tom qab qhov chaw tiv thaiv. Tau kawg, nws tsis tuaj yeem ua lub nkoj tsis pom ntawm radars, tab sis nws yuav nyuaj rau nrhiav Grigorovich frigate hauv hiav txwv.

frigate grigorovich
frigate grigorovich

Modules

Tsab neegthev naus laus zis, lub nkoj lub nkoj tau muab tso rau ntawm txoj hlua khi, ces nws yog tsim los ntawm hauv qab mus rau tag nrho. Qhov no yog li cas cov nkoj tau tsim txij thaum ub los. Tab sis nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los no, thev naus laus zis tau dhau los ua qhov txawv me ntsis. nws yuav siv sij hawm mus rau hauv tus account qhov yuav tsum tau ceev modernization thiab installation ntawm cov khoom tshiab, tej zaum kuj loj. Lub hull yog tsim nyob rau hauv qhov chaw, yog li ntawd yog hais tias yuav tsum tau rau undocking, qhov no yuav tsis ua teeb meem technologies. Kev tsim kho ntawm lub frigate "Admiral Grigorovich" tau ua nyob rau hauv ib tug modular txoj kev, lub feem ntau vam meej mus rau hnub tim. Lub nkoj muaj qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev ua kom zoo dua qub, tso cai rau koj hloov txhua yam khoom, los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob mus rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.

Indian frigate

Yantar lub xeev cov lag luam tau muaj txij li thaum muaj yeej xyoo 1945. Nyob rau hauv lub German Koenigsberg muaj ib lub nkoj nkoj "Schihau", uas tau los ua lub hauv paus ntawm lub nkoj tsim tom qab tsov rog, thaum lub B altic lub nroog no los ua Soviet. Thaum lub sij hawm muaj cov nroj tsuag, ntau tshaj li ib thiab ib nrab puas lub nkoj, feem ntau yog sib ntaus sib tua, tau pib ntawm no.

Lub nkoj Admiral Grigorovich
Lub nkoj Admiral Grigorovich

Txij li xyoo 2007, los ntawm tsoomfwv Indian, kev txiav txim tshwj xeeb tau ua tiav ntawm B altic Shipyard: cov nkoj tab tom tsim rau Navy ntawm lub tebchaws tus phooj ywg. Qhov project yog tib yam, 11356, raws li lub frigate "Admiral Grigorovich" tau tsim. Qhov txawv, txawm li cas los xij, tseem ceeb heev. Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm ob "kwv tij" yog lub hull, thiab cov khoom siv thiab riam phom sib txawv. Indian frigates yog armed nrog Brahmos missile systems nrog ntsug launchers.

Kev tsim txom ntawm RussiansCov neeg yuav khoom nyiam cov nkoj loj heev uas lawv tau hais tawm lub siab xav tsim lawv tus kheej, raws li cov ntaub ntawv yuav khoom. Lawv tau txais kev pabcuam dav dav hauv lub moj khaum ntawm txoj haujlwm ntawm kev koom tes ua tub rog. Cov npe ntawm thawj plaub lub frigates ntawm Indian series yog Talwar, Tarkash, Trikand thiab Teg.

EW complex

Kev ua tsov rog hluav taws xob tawm tsam kev sib txuas lus thiab kev tswj hwm ntawm tus yeeb ncuab tam sim no tau dhau los ua txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb, kev daws teeb meem ua tiav uas tau lees paub yeej txhua tus yeeb ncuab. Frigate 11356 "Admiral Grigorovich" yog armed nrog plaub CREB PK-10 "Brave". Cov kaum-thaj foob pob hluav taws no tau hais txog lub foob pob hluav taws uas muaj cov foob pob hluav taws, tab sis lawv muaj lwm txoj haujlwm. Hloov chaw ncaj qha mus ntaus cov yeeb ncuab nkoj, lawv tua cov phiaj xwm uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov yeeb ncuab kev sib ntaus sib tua hluav taws xob. Qhov tsim kev cuam tshuam yuav cuam tshuam cov yeeb ncuab nkoj ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm kev sib pauv ntaub ntawv, qhov muag tsis pom radars, lov tes taw kev tiv thaiv huab cua.

Kev tswj hluav taws xob

Ntawm yog hnub ntawm qhov muag pom. Txawm tias qhov zoo tshaj plaws optical sights tsis tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ntawm cov tub rog sailors vim lub transience ntawm qhov teeb meem nyob rau hauv lub maritime arena ntawm hostilities. Kev txiav txim siab txog kev qhib hluav taws yog qhov tsim nyog ntawm tus thawj coj, thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm tso siab rau automation los laij cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj. Lub nkoj "Admiral Grigorovich" muaj nyob rau hauv lub nkoj muaj zog tshaj plaws computer systems uas ua hauj lwm sai sai aims riam phom ntawm lub hom phiaj. Cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm Puma radar, Vympel 123-02 tswj qhov system yog koom nrog cov foob pob hluav taws, thiab PUTS yog lub luag haujlwm rau lub torpedoes. Blizzard-11356.

Kev tsim kho ntawm lub frigate Admiral Grigorovich
Kev tsim kho ntawm lub frigate Admiral Grigorovich

Qhov ntau thiab ntau

Qhov loj ntawm cov nkoj yog txiav txim los ntawm kev hloov chaw. "Admiral Grigorovich" yog lub nkoj saib xyuas, thiab yog li ntawd nws yuav tsum tsis txhob loj, zoo li lub dav hlau thauj khoom. Nws cov cua ntsawj ntshab me me, txog li 7.5 meters, uas yog qhov zoo sib xws nrog cov yam ntxwv ntawm Hiav Txwv Dub, uas yog qhov ntiav hauv ntau qhov chaw. Qhov kev tshem tawm yog kwv yees li plaub txhiab tons, uas kuj tsis hais txog qhov loj me. Piv txwv li, ntawm lub nkoj nkoj "Peter the Great" nws nce mus txog 25 txhiab tons.

Admiral Grigorovich frigate: duab thiab proportions

Qhov project admiral grigorovich
Qhov project admiral grigorovich

Frigates yog cov nkoj loj, tab sis tsis yog qhov loj tshaj. Qhov no yog tus yuam sij rau lawv maneuverability, ceev thiab ste alth. Txawm li cas los xij, Admiral Grigorovich frigate tsis tuaj yeem hu ua me me. Cov duab muab los ntawm kev pabcuam xovxwm ntawm Navy eloquently qhia qhov ntev ntev (125 meters). Lub hull yog elongated, lub nkoj yog, raws li nws yog, "compressed" nyob rau sab, uas qhia nws propulsion. Lub tshuab fais fab, suav nrog ob lub tshuab hluav taws xob, ua kom lub nkoj nrawm mus txog 30 pob, thiab txawm tias nrawm dua hauv hom tom qab kub hnyiab.

Cov neeg coob muaj 18 tus tub ceev xwm, 142 tus neeg tsav nkoj thiab nees nkaum tus tub rog, suav nrog 180 tus neeg. Kev tswj ntawm xws li ib tug complex nkoj raws li lub frigate "Admiral Grigorovich" yuav tsum tau ib tug siab ntawm kev cob qhia, coherence thiab cohesion. Tsuas yog cov kws tshaj lij tiag tiag uas nyiam dej hiav txwv thiab, tau kawg, Niam Txiv tuaj yeem ua haujlwm hauv nws pab neeg.

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