Ash-leaved maple: faib thiab piav qhia

Cov txheej txheem:

Ash-leaved maple: faib thiab piav qhia
Ash-leaved maple: faib thiab piav qhia

Video: Ash-leaved maple: faib thiab piav qhia

Video: Ash-leaved maple: faib thiab piav qhia
Video: Ash-leaved maple 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Kev cog maple nrog cov ceg ntoo hauv cov tiaj ua si thiab lub vaj yog ib qho khoom siv. Ntau lub sij hawm dhau mus, thiab peb twb xav txog cov hom no yuav luag ib txwm nyob. maples decorate alleys, txoj kab kev. Lawv tau cog rau ntawm thaj chaw ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv, kindergartens thiab lwm yam kev coj noj coj ua thiab kev tswj hwm. Qee lub sij hawm dhau los, ob peb tus neeg xav txog kev phom sij ntawm tsob ntoo no. Nws txoj kev zoo nkauj tau tawm tsam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg. Cov ntoo zoo li cas yog cov ntoo tshauv-leaved maple? Dab tsi yog nws cov txiaj ntsig thiab kev puas tsuaj rau ib puag ncig thiab tib neeg? Hom kab no nyob qhov twg? Cov lus teb rau cov lus nug no tau muab rau hauv kab lus.

Ash-leaved maple
Ash-leaved maple

History information

Maple tau coj mus rau Tebchaws Europe thaum kawg ntawm xyoo pua 17th. Nws tuaj rau peb lub tebchaws tsuas yog ib puas xyoo tom qab. Cov ntoo paub tab adorned lub Botanical Garden hauv St. Cov qauv coj los rau peb los ntawm cov cheeb tsam yav qab teb ntawm qhov chaw nyob ntawm maples. Hauv qhov no, muaj kev sim ua tsis tiavloj hlob ib tug neeg txawv teb chaws cog nyob rau hauv Russia kev nyab xeeb, thiab txawm nyob rau hauv qhib hauv av. Ntau lub sij hawm dhau mus thiab ntau txoj haujlwm tau siv ua ntej cov neeg yug tsiaj coj tawm cov ntoo tshauv-leaved maple. Nws tau ua tiav tiav hauv ntau thaj tsam ntawm peb lub tebchaws. Tib neeg nyiam tsob ntoo no.

Ash-leaved maple: piav qhia

tsob ntoo no tiv taus cua thiab yoog tau zoo rau hauv nroog. Nws muaj lub npe txawv - American maple, tej zaum vim nws lub tebchaws yog North America. Cov nroj tsuag yog unpretentious, hlob nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua yam av, tab sis prefers fertile av. Nws belongs rau cov nroj tsuag deciduous, qhov nruab nrab qhov siab ncav cuag 15 m, tab sis tuaj yeem loj hlob mus txog 21. Lub cev hauv girth yog 30-60 cm, tab sis daim duab no tuaj yeem ua tau ntau dua, giants ncav cuag 90 cm inch. Lub cev ntawm lub hauv paus feem ntau muab faib ua ob peb txheej txheem, lawv kis tau thiab ntev, nrog cov duab nkhaus.

Cov ceg tsis sib npaug ntawm lub cev, uas ua rau lub kaus mom zoo li "disheveled". Yog hais tias maple hlob nyob rau hauv cog nrog lwm cov ntoo, nws pib ceg tsis nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus, tab sis saum toj no. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub crown yog tsim txawv: nws yuav siab thiab tsawg.

Maple tshauv-leaved piav qhia
Maple tshauv-leaved piav qhia

Cov tawv ntoo yog grey lossis xim av xim av, nws tuab me me. Tshaj tag nrho cov saum npoo, qhov ntiav grooves sib tshuam nrog ib leeg yog pom. Cov nplooj ntsuab los yog crimson twigs yog nruab nrab lub zog, muaj nplooj caws pliav, thiab npog nrog greyish-ntsuab fluff. Cov buds yog fluffy, nias, dawb.

Paj yam ntxwv

Lawv yog daj-ntsuab maple, ob hom: txiv neej thiab poj niam. Lub qub daim ntawv inflorescences nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm dai bunches nrog reddish anthers. Lawv txuas nrog stems nrog nyias petioles. Cov poj niam-hom inflorescences yog pleev xim rau ntsuab thiab muaj cov duab ntawm txhuam. Maple yog cov nroj tsuag dioecious, uas ob lub paj coexist, tab sis lawv nyob ntawm cov ceg sib txawv. Maple flowering yog nruab nrab nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm (kwv yees li ib nrab ib hlis), ntog rau lub hlis ntawm lub Tsib Hlis - pib ntawm lub rau hli ntuj, uas yog, kom txog rau thaum thawj nplooj tshwm.

Fetal yam ntxwv

Ash-leaved maple ntoo
Ash-leaved maple ntoo

Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm American maple hu ua tsov ntxhuav, uas yog tag nrho nrog nws cov qauv. Tseeb tiag, cov noob nyob nruab nrab ntawm ob tis. Ib qho mus rau lwm qhov yog nyob ntawm lub kaum sab xis uas yog 60 degrees lossis qis dua me ntsis. Qhov ntev ntawm txhua tis yog plaub centimeters. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo ripening pib nyob rau hauv Lub yim hli ntuj thiab xaus rau lub kaum hli ntuj, tab sis lawv tsis ya nyob ib ncig ntawm thiab dai ntawm ceg mus txog rau thaum caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Cov noob tsis muaj endosperm, lawv qhov ntev yog kwv yees li ob mus rau peb npaug ntau dua li qhov dav.

Yuav ua li cas maple nplooj

Lawv muaj cov qauv tsim. Cov nplooj ntawm cov ntoo tshauv-leaved maple (daim duab tau nthuav tawm rau kev tshuaj xyuas) yog qhov sib txawv, pinnate. Lawv muaj peb, tsib lossis xya nplooj ntawv. Muaj tsawg zaus, muaj 9, 11 lossis 13 ntawm lawv. Qhov ntev ntawm txhua nplooj ntawv yog 15-18 cm, saum toj no lawv yog lub teeb ntsuab, hauv qab lawv pleev xim rau hauv cov xim daj-dawb, du rau qhov kov. Lawv txuas nrog cov ceg los ntawm txoj kev ntev petioles, qhov loj ntawm uas yog yim centimeters. Nyob rau hauv lawv daim ntawv lawv zoo litshauv nplooj. Qhov no txiav txim siab lub npe Lavxias teb sab hom. Cov npoo ntawm nplooj tej zaum yuav lobed los yog ntxhib-serrate nrog ib tug taw tes apex. Tshauv maple nplooj tig daj los yog liab nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg. Zoo li tag nrho cov ntoo ntawm lub caij no, lawv saib zoo nkauj heev.

Ash-leaved maple nplooj daim duab
Ash-leaved maple nplooj daim duab

Kev faib tawm

Lub ntuj nyob ntawm cov tshauv maple yog nyob rau sab qaum teb teb chaws Meskas. Tab sis nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cais foci nws yog pom nyob rau hauv nruab nrab thiab yav qab teb lub xeev ntawm lub teb chaws. Qhov chaw faib khoom thib ob yog cov xeev xws li Washington, Maine, Oregon, thaj chaw ntawm Canada, Far East, thiab Central Asia. Nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws, nyob rau hauv ib tug uncultivated daim ntawv, nws muaj nyob rau hauv Central Russia thiab Siberia. Nws tuaj yeem pom hauv tugai - hav zoov loj hlob ntawm cov ntug dej uas tsis qhuav qhuav, hauv cov ntoo deciduous thiab coniferous, uas yog cov av noo heev, thiab txawm nyob hauv swamps. Nws loj hlob ib sab ntawm ntoo thuv, spruce, ntoo qhib, tshauv, willows thiab poplars. Kev nthuav dav ntawm cov tsiaj tau piav qhia los ntawm qhov tseeb tias cov ntoo tshauv-leaved maple calmly zam qhov tsis muaj dej noo thiab cov as-ham hauv av.

American ash-leaved maple hlob sai heev, yog li nws feem ntau siv rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm ib cheeb tsam ntawm thaj chaw. Lub nroog txoj kev, alleys thiab chaw ua si yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog ntoo. Tab sis cov nroj tsuag no muaj qhov tsis zoo:

  • Short lifespan: kwv yees li 30 xyoo hauv nroog, mus txog 100 xyoo nyob rau hauv qus.
  • Ntxhais qias neeg. Kev puas tsuaj tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm huab cua tsis zoo: lawg, nag,cua.
  • kev loj hlob sai ntawm cov nroj tsuag los ntawm cov hauv paus hniav, ua rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm asph alt.
  • Ntau paj ntoos thaum lub sij hawm paj, ua rau muaj kev tsis haum rau tib neeg.
  • lub kaus loj - qhov no yog vim li cas rau qhov ntxoov ntxoo ntawm txoj kev, kev yug me nyuam ntawm cov kab ntau, nrog rau cov zuam.
  • Cov hauv paus thiab nplooj, thaum decomposed, tuaj yeem tso cov co toxins uas cuam tshuam kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag nyob ze.
American ntoo tshauv-leaved maple
American ntoo tshauv-leaved maple

Qhov tseeb, cov ntoo tshauv-leaved maple tsis sawv cev rau qhov zoo nkauj zoo nkauj. Cov nroj tsuag muaj lub zog muaj zog, uas dhau los ua duab zoo nkauj nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg, thaum nplooj pleev xim rau hauv ntau qhov ntxoov ntxoo: ntsuab, reddish, daj. Hauv kev tsim toj roob hauv pes, cov nroj tsuag tau siv ntau zaus, vim tias lub cev ntawm maple luv luv thiab qee zaum nkhaus. Ceg tawv heev, tab sis cov stems yog tawg, nkig. Cov ntoo no tsis yog ntawm cov nroj tsuag uas tau ua hedges. Feem ntau nws yog siv thaum nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los cog qee cov nroj tsuag ntawm qhov nrawm nrawm, thiab txawm tias tom qab ntawd tsis nyob hauv ib qho kev cog qoob loo, tab sis nyob ib sab ntawm cov pob zeb uas loj hlob qeeb, tab sis muaj cov nyhuv zoo nkauj.

Maple ntoo tsis txawv ntawm lub zog, yog li nws yog siv rau kev tsim cov thawv thiab khoom siv hauv tsev. Nyob rau hauv qis dua qhov dav ntawm lub cev thiab nyob rau hauv cov outgrowths, nws muaj ib tug txawv txawv qauv. Nws yog qhov txaus siab rau cov kws ua haujlwm hauv lawv txoj haujlwm: lawv kos ntau yam duab puab, tes, vases.

Thaum pib lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav, muaj ntau cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, qab zib hauv saj. Qee lub tebchaws, xws li North America, siv maple los ua cov nroj tsuag qab zib. Tsob ntoo nyiam noog heev, uas muab lawv lub zes rau hauv lub kaus mom tuab, thiab thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg lawv noj nws cov noob.

Cov nroj tsuag tsis muaj qhov zoo nkauj zoo nkauj, tab sis nws muaj lwm tus nqi - xaiv. Cov kws tshawb fawb siv nws los tsim cov ntawv tshiab ntawm cov ntoo thiab tsob ntoo. Yog li cov tshauv-leaved maple Flamingo tau bred. Hauv cov ntsiab lus zoo nkauj, cov nroj tsuag no tseem ceeb heev.

Flamingo Maple

hom kab lis kev cai no yooj yim lees paub los ntawm nplooj thiab yas. Lub ntuj nyob yog North America. Nws yog tsob ntoo qis lossis tsob ntoo uas muaj ntau lub pob tw. Nws nce mus txog qhov siab ntawm tsib mus rau yim meters. Cov duab ntawm lub crown yog puag ncig, nws txoj kab uas hla mus txog plaub meters, zoo li openwork. Qhov no yog tsob ntoo zoo nkauj heev, lawv kho cov vaj, squares, txoj kev ntawm lub nroog thiab cov nroog. Kho kom zoo nkauj yog khaws cia thoob plaws lub sijhawm ntawm lub neej. Ash-leaved maple Flamingo yog tsob ntoo dioecious. Raws li nrog rau lwm yam, ob leeg txiv neej thiab poj niam paj yog nyob rau tib tsob ntoo, tab sis tsuas yog nyob rau txawv ceg. Lawv me me thiab muaj ib tug ntsuab tinge. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog grey thiab lionfish-puab.

Flamingo Leaves

Ntoo tshauv Flamingo
Ntoo tshauv Flamingo

Unpaired pinnate nplooj ncav cuag 10 cm ntev. Cov nplooj no hu ua compound. Lawv muaj ib tug neeg nplooj ntawm luv petioles, peb mus rau tsib centimeters ntev. Cov xim hloov thaum lub caij loj hlob:

  • Cov tub ntxhais hluas tua muaj nplooj grey.
  • Lub caij ntuj sov, cov phiaj xwm ciam teb nrog cov xim dawb-liab, me ntsis ntawm tib yamntxoov ntxoo uas faib random.
  • Thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg, cov nplooj tig qaim lossis tsaus liab, kab txaij ntsuab tshwm rau saum npoo.
Ash maple nplooj
Ash maple nplooj

Ash-leaved maple: ecological puas tsuaj

Tam sim no, hom kab no tau nthuav dav. Muaj "sab laug" cov squares thiab cov chaw ua si uas nws tau cog los ntawm txiv neej rau kev tsim kho vaj tse, maple tau nkag mus, thiab ua tiav, rau hauv cov nroj tsuag ib txwm muaj. Hauv kev kho kom zoo nkauj hauv nroog txoj kev thiab yards, raws li kev tshawb fawb, feem ntau ntawm cov ntoo yog maples, uas yog pernicious woody weeds rau kab lis kev cai tej yam kev mob. Qhov twg cov ntoo no loj hlob, willows thiab poplars tsis ua dua tshiab. Ash-leaved maple ua rau muaj kev ua xua hnyav rau tib neeg. Nyob rau hauv lub canopy ntawm nws lush crown, ntoo thiab shrubs ntawm lwm hom yog maj mam tuag, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yog hais tias lawv yog me me.

Tab sis vim li cas cov tsiaj kis tau sai heev? Qhov no tau piav qhia yooj yim heev: maple yog undemanding rau loj hlob tej yam kev mob, thiab kuj loj hlob sai heev, tsis teb rau huab cua paug. Thaum invading lwm thaj chaw, lub maple yog nruj heev. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias cov noob reproduction yog spontaneous. Kev faib tawm yog nqa tawm los ntawm kev cog nws tus kheej: ua ntej mus rau qhov chaw cuam tshuam, tom qab ntawd rau cov zej zog ntuj. Yug sai sai vim yog theem pib ntawm fruiting (rau rau xya xyoo) thiab hloov sai heev ntawm tiam.

Kev ntsuas ntsuas

Kev puas tsuaj ntawm tshauv-leaved maple yog pom tseeb. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj kev puas tsuaj ecological, koj yuav tsum tau tawm tsam. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, koj xav tautiv thaiv kab mob sib kis. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, siv cov kev ntsuas hauv qab no:

  • cais maple li hom kab mob txaus ntshai, uas yog, tshem tawm ntawm pawg cog rau kev tsim kho kom zoo nkauj.
  • txwv tsis pub siv cov ntoo hauv kev tsim kho kom zoo nkauj.
  • Txiav cov ntoo no hauv kev cog lus thiab cog lwm yam nroj tsuag.
  • Qhia rau pej xeem txog kev phom sij ntawm maple.
  • Mechanically (nrog lub saw saws) tshem tawm tag nrho cov cog ntawm hom no, suav nrog cov tub ntxhais hluas tua, los ntawm kev khawb ciam teb ib daim hlab ntawm thickets rau qhov no.
  • Kho cov av ib ncig ntawm cov nroj tsuag nrog tshuaj. Qhov no yog ib qho kev ntsuas zoo heev, vim tias maple rhiab heev rau cov tshuaj tua tsiaj xws li Glyphosate.

Pom zoo: