Tick habitat in nature

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:56

Thaum sib sau ua ke rau hnub so, qhov teeb meem loj tshaj plaws yog qhov teeb meem ntawm kev tiv thaiv zuam. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias lawv qhov tom tuaj yeem ua rau tib neeg lub cev hloov pauv tsis tau, ua rau muaj kev tsis taus lossis, txawm tias phem dua, ua rau tuag.

Tau kawg, yog tias koj siv sijhawm ntau ntawm koj lub sijhawm, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb los tswj cov zuam ntawm lub xaib, ua haujlwm nyob ib puag ncig tag nrho. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas niaj hnub no lawv tau dhau los ua kev nyab xeeb dua rau tib neeg thiab tsiaj txhu. Feem ntau, cov tshuaj tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov kua thiab granules. Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias yog tias koj tsis paub meej tias koj tuaj yeem ua tiav lub xaib tau zoo, nws yog qhov zoo dua los tso cov txheej txheem no rau cov kws tshaj lij.

Kev tawm tsam ntawm cov zuam feem ntau pib thaum nruab nrab lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav thiab txuas ntxiv mus txog thaum pib huab cua txias thawj zaug. Thaum pib thiab xaus ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm kev ua si ntawm zuam yog qhov sib txawv heev txawm tias nyob rau hauv tib qhov chaw ntawm thaj chaw, txawm li cas los xij, lawv nquag nquag los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm Tsib Hlis mus rau Lub Rau Hli thiab los ntawm qhov kawg. August to October.

Basic data

Lawv nquag nquag nyob rau huab cua kub. Nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav, thaum huab cua tseem tsis tau sov so, cov kab no yog lazier, thiab yuav tsis tom txawm tias lawv hnav khaub ncaws. Thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg, lawv dhau los ua nruj heev thiab lo tam sim ntawd

• Encephalitic zuam - qhov chaw nyob ntawm cov tib neeg uas muaj tus kab mob no feem ntau ntub. Feem ntau lawv tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv cov hav txwv yeem deciduous hav zoov thiab thaj chaw swampy. Tus kab mob encephalitis tuaj yeem yuav luag txhua tus zuam uas noj cov ntshav ntawm tib neeg lossis tsiaj. Nws yog tsau rau ntawm qhov chaw qhib ntawm daim tawv nqaij nyob rau hauv xws li ib txoj kev uas nws tsis yog li ntawd yooj yim rau kev ceeb toom. Ntxiv nrog rau tus mob encephalitis, lawv muaj cov kab mob sib kis uas nyuaj kho.
• Qhov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm cov zuam yog hav zoov deciduous, nyom thiab shrubs. Cov zuam tsis zam lub hnub ncaj qha, yog li nws yuav luag tsis tuaj yeem ntsib lawv hauv thaj chaw qhib.
• Feem ntau, tus zuam tom hauv qhov chaw uas tus neeg tsis tuaj yeem pom nws pom: hauv caj dab, taub hau lossis nraub qaum. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb hais tias qhov tom no tsis mob, vim hais tias ib tug neeg tej zaum yuav tsis txawm paub txog nws nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav ntsuas raws sij hawm.

Kab mob nqa los ntawm zuam

Ticks yog ib pawg loj tshaj plaws ntawm arthropods hauv ntiaj teb. Feem ntau lawv nyiam noj zaub me me. Muaj ntau ntau hom zuam nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb, feem ntau ntawm lawvuas tseem to taub tsis zoo.

Qee hom tau yoog rau cov kab mob cab ob leeg tsiaj thiab tib neeg, pub ntshav tshwj xeeb. Qhov chaw nyob ntawm zuam (Ixodoidea) suav nrog txhua lub tebchaws, mus txog rau Antarctica. Lawv nqa ntau cov kab mob, tsim cov foci ntawm cov kab mob. Nws yog noteworthy tias feem ntau ntawm lawv yog nqa los ntawm encephalitic zuam. Nws qhov chaw nyob yog ubiquitous, txij li txhua tus zuam, tsis hais hom twg, tuaj yeem ua tus kab mob encephalitis. Txawm li cas los xij, taiga zuam thiab Ixodes ricinus (uas nyob hauv thaj tsam European ntawm Eurasia) tseem yog tus neeg nqa khoom tseem ceeb ntawm tus kabmob.

Tick: chaw nyob thiab kev ua neej

Ticks feem ntau nyob hauv qhov sib sau ntawm cov ceg qhuav thiab cov khib nyiab cog, qhov chaw lawv npaj lawv lub zes. Thaum lub sij hawm tawm tsam, lawv nce mus rau ib lub toj, nyiam qhov saum toj ntawm cov nyom thiab cov hav txwv yeem, qhov twg, tau ntxiv dag zog rau lawv cov ceg pob txha thiab ncab lawv pem hauv ntej mus rau pem hauv ntej, lawv tos rau qhov chaw tsim khoom noj. Nrog lawv cov paws pem hauv ntej, lawv tau kho ntawm cov khaub ncaws, thiab tom qab ntawd nce mus txog thaum lawv pom cov tawv nqaij liab qab. Cov zuam nyiam mus yos hav zoov los ntawm qhov siab txog 1 m, yog li tus neeg yuav tsis ntshai ntawm kev tawm tsam ntawm ntoo.

tiv thaiv kab mob

Vim tias tej yam ntuj tso ntawm cov zuam feem ntau yog cov hav zoov ntub dej thiab cov ntug kev muaj nyom nyom, qhov zoo tshaj plaws kom tsis txhob muaj kev tawm tsam thiab tsis txhob kis kab mob los ntawm kev tom yog tiv thaiv nws.

Yuav ua li no:

• Yog tias koj npaj yuav nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev, koj yuav tsum hnav khaub ncaws uas npog lub cev kom ntau li ntau tau.
• Tom qab rov qab los tsev, nco ntsoov xyuas koj tus kheej thiab cov neeg koj hlub.
• Yog tias pom zuam, sim tshem nws yam tsis tau tsoo nws.
• Yog tus zuam tseem nyob hauv daim tawv nqaij, ua tib zoo tshem tawm ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Qhov tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov: koj tsis tuaj yeem ua txhaum kev ncaj ncees ntawm nws proboscis. Tom qab ntawd, lub qhov txhab yog disinfected. Yog tias koj tsis paub meej tias koj tuaj yeem daws qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm zuam yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj rau nws txoj kev ncaj ncees, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws hu rau tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb.

Kev kho thaj chaw

Thaj chaw uas cov zuam nyob ntawm qhov chaw suav nrog txhua qhov chaw ntsuab, qhov siab ntawm qhov siab tsis tshaj 1 m. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo kho qhov chaw nrog tshuaj tsawg kawg ob peb zaug hauv ib xyoos. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias zuam kev ua si hloov ntau zaus thaum lub caij ntuj sov.

Hnub no, kev kho ntawm dacha thaj chaw los ntawm cov zuam tsis ua rau muaj kev nyuaj, nws txaus los nrhiav ib lub tuam txhab koom nrog kev tu thaj chaw los ntawm cov kab tsuag.

Ixodid ticks

Txhua tus zuam uas yog pawg Ixodes yog cov kab mob cab. Lawv qhov loj me ncaj qha nyob ntawm qhov ntsuas ntawm qhov saturation, qhov nruab nrab lawv ncav cuag qhov ntev ntawm ob peb centimeters. Qhov no yog ncaj qha ntsig txog qhov tseeb hais tias cov integuments ntawm poj niam lub cev yog extensible heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv tuaj yeem noj tsawg heev (qee zaum tsuas yog ib zaug hauv lub neej), tab sis tam sim ntawd haus cov ntshav ntau. Nrog rau kev tawm tsam loj ntawm cov zuam no, tus neeg tuaj yeem ntsibkiv taub hau thiab tsim anemia. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas tus zuam hloov ntau tus tswv thaum lub sij hawm nws txoj kev loj hlob, ntawm txhua qhov uas nws pub tsis pub ntau tshaj ib zaug.

Qhov chaw nyob ntawm cov zuam suav nrog cov nroj tsuag uas tsis siab tshaj 1 m hauv qhov siab. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv tuaj yeem pw tos rau yav tom ntej cov zaub mov ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab cov nyom loj hlob raws txoj kev. Qee hom zuam nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm evolution tau hloov mus ua kom nquag plias thiaj li nrhiav tau ib qho chaw ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom noj, uas ua rau nws tsim nyog los tshuaj xyuas lawv lub cev thiab khaub ncaws rau kev tawm tsam.

dab zuam

Tus aub zuam, uas nws qhov chaw nyob suav nrog tag nrho thaj chaw ntawm Eurasia, sib xyaw thiab deciduous hav zoov thiab cov hav zoov, txhawb nqa kev khaws cia ntawm ntuj foci ntawm ntau yam kab mob kis ntawm cov nas, uas yog nws cov cab tseem ceeb rau tib neeg thiab tsiaj hauv tsev.

Lub cev ntawm tus zuam yog npog nrog lub cuticle elastic thiab zoo li lub oval li niaj zaus hauv nws cov duab. Cov xim ntawm cov txiv neej thiab poj niam thaum lub sij hawm yoo mov yog daj-xim av. Raws li tus poj niam nkag mus rau hauv cov ntshav, cov xim hloov mus rau xim liab, qhov loj tuaj mus txog 12 hli.

Txhob ua raws li tus tswv tsev, tus zuam noj nws cov ntshav rau ob peb hnub. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm nws tom, complex kev tsis haum tshuaj tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm tib neeg lub cev. Thaum qhov chaw tom tau kis, lub cev, sim rhuav tshem cov kab mob, tuaj yeem tsim cov kab mob purulent, uas, yog tias tsis kho kom zoo, tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kab mob.ua rau muaj txim loj.

Taiga tick

Qhov chaw nyob ntawm zuam (Ixodes persulcatus) suav nrog thaj chaw taiga ntawm Eurasia, thaj chaw Far Eastern, Central Europe thiab European ib feem ntawm Russia. Nws yog tus kab mob tseem ceeb ntawm zuam-borne encephalitis, vim nws feem ntau tawm tsam tib neeg.

Nws parasitizes yuav luag tag nrho cov tsiaj, vim hais tias kev ncig ntawm tus kab mob encephalitis yog tas li khaws cia nyob rau hauv cov xwm, lub hauv paus ntuj reservoir uas yog me me nas thiab noog. Ntawm cov tsiaj nyeg, taiga zuam feem ntau tawm tsam tshis, uas yog ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau qhov peculiarities ntawm lawv tus cwj pwm. Txij li thaum lawv nyiam ua lawv txoj hauv kev los ntawm cov hav txwv yeem hauv cov txheej txheem pub mis, lawv cov plaub tau txais cov kab ntau tshaj.

Txawm tias tshis lawv tus kheej muaj tus kab mob tick-borne encephalitis hauv daim ntawv me me, nkag mus rau hauv tib neeg lub cev nrog mis nyuj, nws nce nrawm.

kab laug sab mite

Kab laug sab mite, uas nws qhov chaw nyob yuav luag txhua qhov chaw, nyiam noj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov nroj tsuag hauv tsev. Qhov tseeb, qhov no yog kab laug sab mite me me (lub cev ntev yog li 1 hli), uas pub rau cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Lub cim tseem ceeb ntawm nws lub xub ntiag ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog qhov pom ntawm cobwebs hauv qab nplooj.

Ticks: chaw nyob, nkag mus rau tib neeg

Encephalitic mites tau faib yuav luag thoob plaws thaj chaw Eurasian. Qhov chaw nyob ntawm cov zuam feem ntau suav nrog cov hav zoov ntub nrog cov ntoo tuab thiab cov nyom nyom. Ntau tus qauv nyob hauv qab ntawm hav zoov hav zoov, ntug dej hiav txwv thiab ntug dej hiav txwv. Qhov chaw nyob ntawm zuam thiab lawv txoj kev faib tawm zoo sib xws. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum paub tias feem ntau ntawm cov zuam yog tsom rau ntawm txoj kev hav zoov thiab txoj kev overgrown nrog nyom raws txoj kev. Nyob rau hauv cov chaw no muaj ntau ntau ntawm lawv tshaj nyob rau hauv hav zoov lawv tus kheej. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias cov kab mob parasitic feem ntau nyiam cov tsiaj txhu thiab cov neeg uas niaj hnub siv txoj kev no thaum tsiv mus rau thaj chaw hav zoov.

Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob tom thiab kis kab mob loj, nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias qhov chaw nyob ntawm cov zuam thaum lub Plaub Hlis - thaum Lub Xya Hli thaum ntxov yog tsom rau hauv hav zoov hav zoov, nplooj poob, ravines, nyom thiab tsob ntoo nyob ze cov dej ntws. Thaum mus xyuas thaj chaw no, nws yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas lub cev thiab khaub ncaws kom paub thiab tshem tawm cov kab tsuag.