Atomic Worker's Day yog hnub so haujlwm hauv tebchaws Russia thiab Kazakhstan

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:55

Thaum pib lub caij nplooj zeeg, koj tuaj yeem hnov cov lus nug: "Hnub twg yog hnub ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb nuclear?" Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias cov pej xeem hauv lub tebchaws tau siv los ua: cov hnub so haujlwm tau ua kev zoo siab rau hnub so hauv ib lub lis piam ntawm lub hli. Ntawm no qhov xwm txheej txawv. Txoj Cai ntawm Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm Lavxias Federation (03.06.2005) tau txiav txim siab hnub tshwj xeeb - Cuaj hlis 28. Txij li thaum xyoo 2008, lub koom pheej ntawm Kazakhstan kuj tau koom nrog kev ua koob tsheej.

Rosatom

Ua ntej hnub so tau tsim, ntau dua 250,000 tus neeg ua haujlwm ntawm peb puas thiab rau caum lub tuam txhab kev lag luam nuclear ua kev zoo siab rau lawv cov hnub so haujlwm ua ke nrog cov kws tsim hluav taws xob lub Kaum Ob Hlis 22nd. Kev lag luam yog coj los ntawm lub xeev lub koom haum Rosatom (txij li xyoo 2007), kev sib koom ua ke hauv nws cov ntsiab lus:

• Civilian industrial tuam txhab.
• Nuclear riam phom tsim khoom.
• Tshawb Fawb Lub Tsev Haujlwm ntawm Nuclear Physicists.
• Icebreaking fleet.

Tus thawj coj hauv lub xeev kev koom tes Sergey Kiriyenko, ib zaug tus thawj coj hluas tshaj plaws ntawm tsoomfwv Lavxias(1998).

Hnub ntawm Atomic Engineer yog ib hom kev lag luam tshaj tawm rau lub tebchaws, vim tias lub zog ntawm lub koom haum hauv lub xeev kuj suav nrog cov teeb meem ntawm kev nyab xeeb nuclear, kev txhim kho kev tshawb fawb thiab kev ua tiav ntawm cov luag haujlwm thoob ntiaj teb.

Keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim kev lag luam

Hnub tim 28 lub 9 hli ntuj tsis tau txiav txim los ntawm lub caij nyoog. Hnub yog txuam nrog xyoo 1942, thaum qhov kev txiav txim ntawm Lub Xeev Pawg Saib Xyuas Kev Tiv Thaiv ntawm USSR tau pom zoo pib ua haujlwm ntawm uranium thiab tsim ib lub chaw kuaj mob tshwj xeeb. Kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb tau coj los ntawm Academician I. V. Kurchatov, nws lub npe tam sim no yog lub chaw tshawb fawb tseem ceeb ntawm nuclear zog. Kev ua tsov ua rog txwv qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm kev tshawb fawb kev ua ub no, yog li thawj qhov kev sim nuclear hauv xyoo 1945 tau ua los ntawm cov neeg Asmeskas. Tom qab Tsov Rog Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib Ob, kev siv lub zog nuclear rau kev ua tub rog tau nce zuj zus, uas yog pawg neeg sib koom ua ke tau tsim txawm tias nyob rau hauv kev coj noj coj ua ntawm LP Beria.

Lub Yim Hli 1949 yog hnub keeb kwm. Qhov no yog lub sijhawm ntawm thawj qhov kev sim nuclear hauv Semipalatinsk, 32 lub hlis tom qab tso tawm thawj lub tshuab hluav taws xob nuclear. Txawm tias muaj kev nyuaj ntawm lub xyoo tom qab tsov rog, nws tau siv lub sijhawm Soviet tib lub sijhawm raws li Tebchaws Meskas. Atomic Worker's Day nyob rau hauv Russia tau ua kev zoo siab los ntawm tag nrho cov zej zog kev tshawb fawb koom nrog hauv qhov kev tshwm sim zoo. Tus kws tshawb fawb Lev Ryabev nco qab tias cov kawm tiav tsev kawm ntawv tom qab lub Yim Hli 1949 tau maj nrawm mus rau lub tuam tsev physics thiaj li sib tw nrog cov yeeb ncuab uas muaj peev xwm. Ib feem peb ntawm nws cov phooj ywg niaj hnub no ua haujlwm hauv kev lag luam nuclear. Thawj lub tshuab hluav taws xob nuclear nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb, qhov twg lub atom tau muab tso rau ntawm kev pabcuam ntawm tib neeg, yog lub chaw tsim hluav taws xob hauv nroog Obninsk (Lub Xya Hli 1954).

Russian nuclear kev lag luam

Hnub no muaj 10 lub chaw tsim hluav taws xob nuclear hauv lub tebchaws, uas nws feem hauv kev tsim hluav taws xob yog 18.6%. Thiab nyob rau hauv European ib feem ntawm Russia nws tshaj 33%. Qhov loj tshaj plaws nuclear fais fab nroj tsuag yog Balakovskaya (daim duab ntawm S. V. Kiriyenko mus ntsib muaj nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm), Kalininskaya (ze rau lub peev), Kurskaya thiab Leningradskaya. Tam sim no, yim lub zog ntxiv tau tsim nyob hauv lub tebchaws thiab peb caug yim - txawv teb chaws. Russia yog tib lub xeev uas muaj nuclear-powered icebreaker fleet. Lub chaw tsim hluav taws xob nuclear ntab, uas tab tom tsim ntawm B altic Shipyard, yuav pib ua haujlwm sai sai.

Hnub Atomic Worker's Day yog hnub so rau cov neeg koom nrog hauv kev lag luam uranium. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm nuclear roj reserves, Russia tuav lub thib peb txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, qab Australia thiab Kazakhstan. Nyob rau hauv 2015, uranium ntau lawm yog 3 txhiab tons, uas coj lub teb chaws mus rau qhov chaw thib ob nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Tom qab cov xwm txheej txaus ntshai hauv Chernobyl, kev tshawb fawb tau tsom mus rau qhov teeb meem ntawm kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub zog nuclear.

Nuclear kev lag luam ntawm Kazakhstan

Lub koom pheej ntawm Kazakhstan, uas yog ib feem ntawm USSR, yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm lub teb chaws lub zog nuclear. Tsis yog tsuas yog qhov chaw sim Semipalatinsk nyob rau ntawm nws thaj chaw, tab sis kuj yog qhov loj tshaj plaws Ulba cog, uas tsim cov roj nuclear. Thaum lub Tsib Hlis 2008, Thawj Tswj Hwm Nazarbayev tau kos npe rau tsab cai tsim lub Cuaj Hlis 28 ua hnub so haujlwm. Lub Atomic Worker's Day nyob rau hauv Kazakhstan, nrog rau hauv Russia, yog lub sij hawm rau coincide nrog cov xwm txheej ntawm 1942. Los ntawm kev xaivLub neej yav tom ntej tsis muaj nuclear, lub teb chaws tau kaw qhov chaw xeem tsis zoo, tab sis ua ntau yam rau kev txhim kho kev lag luam nuclear.

Kazakhstan muab 33% ntawm lub ntiaj teb kev xav tau rau uranium, ua tus thawj coj hauv nws cov khoom. Kaum ib lub tuam txhab ntiav txog 10,000 tus neeg ua haujlwm. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, ntau tshaj 25 txhiab tus neeg tab tom npaj ua kev zoo siab rau hnub so haujlwm. Kazatomprom thiab Rosatom tau koom tes los ntawm kev tsim Uranium Enrichment Center txhawm rau muab cov neeg siv khoom tsis yog cov khoom siv raw, tab sis cov roj tiav. Txog rau tam sim no, tsis muaj kev lag luam nuclear fais fab nroj tsuag hauv lub tebchaws, tab sis cov phiaj xwm rau 2018 suav nrog kev pib tsim kho thawj zaug.

Nyob zoo

Atomic Worker's Day tsis yog ib hnub so, tab sis ib txwm ua txhua yam kev ua koob tsheej tau teem rau lub Cuaj Hlis 28th. Nws yog kev cai hauv xov xwm los ua kev zoo siab rau cov neeg uas nyob hauv lub hauv paus ntawm kev lag luam, thiab leej twg muaj feem cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau hnub no. Cov neeg ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws thiab cov kws tshawb fawb tau txais khoom plig, suav nrog cov koom haum WANO thoob ntiaj teb. Xyoo tas los, kev lag luam nuclear ua kev zoo siab rau nws lub 70th hnub tseem ceeb (lub countdown yog los ntawm kev tso tawm thawj reactor), yog li kev ua koob tsheej tau tuav ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb. Kev lag luam tau deservedly hu ua thev naus laus zis ntawm lub xeev. Txhua xyoo, kev ua yeeb yam loj loj tau tuav hauv Moscow nrog kev ua yeeb yam ntawm cov hnub qub pop, cov uas Sofia Rotaru tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrov.

Zoo siab rau Hnub Ua Haujlwm Atomic kuj tau txais hauv Kazakhstan, qhov chaw muaj kev lag luam nuclear yog lub cim ntawm lub tebchaws. Hauv 2015, nws tau coj los ntawm AK Zhumagaliev,los ntawm Ministry of Investment thiab Development. Nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws, qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub profession yog muab tsub lub title ntawm Honored Worker ntawm lub Nuclear Industry ntawm lub koom pheej ntawm Kazakhstan nrog rau cov puav pheej ntawm ib tug kub los yog nyiaj paib. Nyob rau hauv Russia - Honored neeg ua hauj lwm ntawm lub Nuclear kev lag luam ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation. Nyob rau hauv kev hwm ntawm lub hnub tseem ceeb, tau tsim ib qho khoom plig tshwj xeeb, muab rau cov qub tub rog ntawm kev lag luam.

Memory

Nyob rau hnub ntawm Atomist, nws yog ib txwm ua kom nco ntsoov cov neeg uas, ntawm tus nqi ntawm lub neej thiab kev noj qab haus huv, tiv thaiv tib neeg nyob rau hauv cov hnub ntawm kev txom nyem txaus ntshai, thaum lub atom nyob kaj siab lug tawm ntawm kev tswj ntawm nws creator.

1957-29-09 Qhov xwm txheej Kyshtym tshwm sim hauv thaj av Chelyabinsk ntawm Mayak cog, qhov chaw pov tseg nuclear tau ua tiav. Peb cheeb tsam loj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam ntawm cov hluav taws xob paug: Sverdlovsk, Tyumen thiab Chelyabinsk. Nees nkaum-peb qhov chaw nyob tau raug tso tseg los ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv, thiab cov tub rog thiab cov pej xeem raug muab pov tseg kom tshem tawm qhov xwm txheej. 20 lab Curies tau tso tawm hluav taws xob

Radiation ntawm 50 lab hloov Pripyat rau hauv ib qho chaw khaws cia rau Chernobyl xwm txheej xyoo 1986, ua rau 300 txhiab tus neeg tsis muaj tsev nyob. Cov kua dej ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm Chernobyl kev sib tsoo yog tus phab ej tiag tiag uas tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm kev puas tsuaj loj dua.

Cuaj hlis 28 yog hnub ua tsaug tsis yog rau cov neeg no xwb, tab sis kuj rau cov kws tshaj lij uas ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev lag luam nuclear niaj hnub no.