Radiological riam phom: cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kis kab mob, qhov tshwm sim, txhais tau tias tiv thaiv

Cov txheej txheem:

Radiological riam phom: cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kis kab mob, qhov tshwm sim, txhais tau tias tiv thaiv
Radiological riam phom: cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kis kab mob, qhov tshwm sim, txhais tau tias tiv thaiv

Video: Radiological riam phom: cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kis kab mob, qhov tshwm sim, txhais tau tias tiv thaiv

Video: Radiological riam phom: cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kis kab mob, qhov tshwm sim, txhais tau tias tiv thaiv
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Anonim

Hnub no, cov kws tshawb fawb hauv ntau lub tebchaws, ntxiv rau cov hom riam phom ib txwm muaj, tab tom tsim riam phom ntawm kev puas tsuaj loj. Lawv ua raws li qhov zoo tshiab lossis yav dhau los tsis siv lub cev (ONFP), lom neeg thiab lwm yam hauv paus ntsiab lus. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua tiav ntawm cov thev naus laus zis sib txawv thiab hauv kev paub sib txawv yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm laser lossis beam, infrasound, xov tooj cua zaus, geophysical, noob, kev puas tsuaj, kinetic thiab radiological riam phom. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau yam riam phom tshiab tau tsim tawm uas suav tias yog tsis ua rau tuag taus. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, lawv yog tshwj xeeb txhais tau tias siv nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ua tsov ua rog. Kawm paub ntxiv txog riam phom hluav taws xob ntawm kev puas tsuaj loj hauv kab lus no.

radiological riam phom ntawm kev puas tsuaj loj
radiological riam phom ntawm kev puas tsuaj loj

Introduction

Radiological riam phom yog ib hom riam phom ntawm kev puas tsuaj loj uas cuam tshuam rau tib neeg thiab lwm yam kab mob nyob.thiab cov khoom siv los ntawm ionizing hluav taws xob, uas yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Lawv kuj tseem hu ua tub rog radioactive tshuaj (BRV), uas yog lub hauv paus ntawm ONFP no. Hauv lwm lo lus, BRW cov ntaub ntawv yog siv los ua cov khoom puas tsuaj rau riam phom hluav taws xob.

Yuav ua li cas thiaj tau ARV

Tsov rog radioactive tshuaj yog muab rho tawm los ntawm ntau yam tshuaj uas cuam tshuam los ntawm neutrons. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, isotopes nrog qib siab ntawm cov xov tooj cua raug tsim. Cov khib nyiab los ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob nuclear kuj tau dhau los ua lub hauv paus kom tau txais FRB. Thaum tso tawm rau hauv ib puag ncig, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj paug paug rau nws thiab lwm yam khoom.

Kev piav qhia

Hom riam phom hluav taws xob yooj yim tshaj plaws yog "pob zeb qias neeg". Raws li txoj cai, nws yog ib lub thawv nyob rau hauv uas radioactive isotopes nyob. Lawv tso rau hauv ib puag ncig tshwm sim los ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm lub thawv.

Lub foob pob qias neeg
Lub foob pob qias neeg

Tshwj xeeb rau lub hom phiaj no, lub foob pob tau nruab nrog lub foob pob tawg. Tom qab qhov kev them nqi tau tshwm sim, qhov kev poob siab nthwv dej txau FRB hla thaj chaw loj. Ib qho piv txwv zoo yog qhov tawg ntawm Chernobyl nuclear fais fab nroj tsuag. Tom qab ntawd cov dej xau ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tau tshwm sim tom qab kev puas tsuaj ntawm lub reactor, uas tau los ua ib hom ntim rau BRV. Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, "pob zeb qias neeg" tuaj yeem yog ntau yam qauv. Nws tag nrho nyob ntawm seb cov khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj dab tsi. BRVs tau nruab nrog warheads hauv foob pob hluav taws thiab foob pob hluav taws. Lawv tuaj yeem nyob hauv foob pob, plhaub, mines thiab lwm yam mos txwv.

txheej txheem kis kab mob

Cov txheej txheem no tshwm sim hauv ntau theem. Ua ntej, thaum muaj hluav taws xob hauv av tshwm sim, lub foob pob hluav taws thiab cov pa taws tau tsim. BRVs nyob rau hauv lub pob, uas, nrog rau cov pa taws thiab pos huab, pib maj mam nce siab. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav siv daim ntawv ntawm huab cua swirling, uas yuav khaws cov huab cua ntws. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom hauv av kuj raug ntes los ntawm cov kwj dej no, uas tom qab ntawd yuav dhau los ua cov xov tooj cua. Cov khoom loj dua yuav nyob tam sim ntawd, yam tsis tau txav deb ntawm qhov chaw tawg. Cov me me yuav raug nqa mus los ntawm huab cua. Lawv yuav kis tau rau thaj chaw loj.

hluav taws xob riam phom puas yam
hluav taws xob riam phom puas yam

Txog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm FDA rau kab mob

Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, cov khoom raug hluav taws xob, muaj hluav taws xob hauv zos puas tsuaj rau ntau yam kabmob thiab ua rau muaj mob hluav taws xob. Qhov no yog fraught nrog txaus ntshai genetic txim, txij li thaum nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm hluav taws xob riam phom lub cev kev ua hauj lwm yog cuam tshuam thiab txaus ntshai pathological kev hloov pib tsim nyob rau hauv nws, uas yog vim li cas muaj peev xwm ua tsis zoo tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv. Piv txwv li, cov me nyuam ntawm ib tug neeg cuam tshuam los ntawm ionizing hluav taws xob yuav raug kev txom nyem los ntawm ntau yam mob hlwb thiab lub cev, lawv lub cev muaj ib tug txo nyob rau hauv cov kab mob.

Hais txog cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv

Kev tiv thaiv riam phom hluav taws xob yog muab rau cov kws kho mob muab kev kho mob rau cov neeg raug hluav taws xob, cov tub rog, cov tub rog tiv thaiv thiab cov pej xeem. Cov nyiaj no yog kev kho mob thiab kev kho mob-tsim. Los ntawm yav dhau los,kev kho mob lossis kev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab kev kho mob. Nrog kev pab ntawm qhov thib ob, kev tiv thaiv kev huv yog nqa tawm. Cov khoom siv kho mob suav nrog cov khoom siv pab thawj tus neeg (AI) nrog cov tshuaj hauv cov kua thiab cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj qhov hnyav tag nrho ntawm 100 g. AI ua tiav nrog ob lub syringes-tubes nrog Budaksim antidote. Cov tshuaj yog muab intramuscularly tom qab thawj cov tsos mob ntawm kev lom. Kuj tseem muaj ob feem pua Promedol. Siv raws li ib tug mob reliever. Muaj cov tshuaj chloramine tshwj xeeb rau kev tua kab mob hauv dej. 3 g ntawm active tshuaj chlorine ntog ntawm ib ntsiav tshuaj. Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, nws muaj peev xwm tua tau 0.75 litres. Cov dej tuaj yeem siv tau tom qab 40 feeb.

tiv thaiv riam phom hluav taws xob
tiv thaiv riam phom hluav taws xob

Tsis tas li, tshuaj tua kab mob (antidotes) tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv. Lawv txoj haujlwm yog los tiv thaiv lossis tshem tawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov tshuaj lom hauv lub cev. Koj tuaj yeem tiv thaiv koj tus kheej los ntawm riam phom hluav taws xob nrog lub kaus mom hlau tshwj xeeb-qhov ncauj qhov ntswg thiab lub qhov ncauj qhov ntswg.

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