Marian Trench

Marian Trench
Marian Trench

Video: Marian Trench

Video: Marian Trench
Video: Mariana Trench - David Attenborough's Documentary on the Deepest Sea Floor 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Lub Mariana Trench, lossis raws li nws tseem hu ua, Mariana Trench tau suav tias yog qhov tsis paub meej thiab nkag tsis tau rau hauv peb lub ntiaj teb. Qhov no yog qhov tob tshaj plaws uas paub txog thaj chaw nyob hauv dej hiav txwv Pacific. Nws qhov tob yog txog kaum ib mais, kom meej, nws yog 10994 ± 40 m. Lub Mariana Trench yog nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm Mariana Islands (11 ° 21'0 "N thiab 142 ° 12'0" E), qhov ntev ntawm qhov no. Kev nyuaj siab yog 2926 km, thiab qhov dav hauv qab yog los ntawm 1 txog 5 km. Nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm cov kob ntawm Guam ntawm Mariana Archipelago, ntawm qhov deb ntawm 320 km, qhov tob tshaj plaws ntawm qhov trench no, Challenger Abyss, tau sau tseg. Kev nyuaj siab nyob rau ntawm qhov sib tshuam ntawm Pacific thiab Philippine tectonic daim hlau, nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam ntawm txoj kab txhaum.

Dhia rau hauv qab ntawm Mariana Trench

dhia mus rau hauv qab ntawm Mariana Trench
dhia mus rau hauv qab ntawm Mariana Trench

Nws yog tib neeg qhov xwm txheej los tawm tsam qhov xwm txheej thiab Mariana Trench tsis muaj qhov zam. Lub Ib Hlis 23, 1960 tib neeg thawj zaug es pheej mus nqis rau hauv qab ntawm lub hollow loj loj no. Ob peb tus txiv neej siab tawv yog Asmeskas Navy lieutenant Don Walsh thiab tus kws tshawb fawb Jacques Picard. Nrog kev pab los ntawm Trieste bathyscaphe, lawv tswj taunqis mus rau qhov tob ntawm 10918 meters. Raws li nws tau muab tawm, txawm tias nyob rau hauv qhov tob no muaj lub neej - cov kws tshawb fawb, rau lawv txoj kev xav tsis thoob, pom cov ntses tiaj tus, txog li 30 cm ntev, zoo li tus flounder hauv lawv qhov tsos.

Thaum kawg ntawm lub Peb Hlis 1995, Kaiko-Japanese soj ntsuam tau qis qis rau hauv Mariana Trench. Nws mus txog qhov tob tshiab ntawm 10911.4 meters thiab coj cov qauv uas cov kws tshawb fawb pom foraminifera - cov kab mob uas yooj yim tshaj plaws nyob.

Mariana Trench
Mariana Trench

Plaub xyoos tom qab ntawd, Nereus lub tsheb hauv qab dej tau poob rau hauv qab ntawm lub trough, mus rau qhov tob ntawm 10,902 meters. Lub sijhawm no, ntxiv rau kev sau cov qauv ntawm cov av hauv qab, peb tau tswj hwm kev yees duab thiab thaij duab.

James Cameron, tib tus neeg tsim khoom Canadian uas tau tua cov txuj ci zoo li "Titanic", "Avatar", "Terminator", "Aliens", thaum Lub Peb Hlis 26, 2012 ntawm chav da dej nrog lub npe zoo siab Deepsea Challenger, mus txog qhov "Challenger Abyss"”, dhau los ua tus thib peb tus neeg uas tau nqis los rau qhov tob heev. Nyob ntawd, nws tau ua yeeb yaj kiab hauv 3D, uas yog lub hauv paus rau cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb pom hauv National Geographic Channel.

Tseem muaj txoj sia nyob ib yam

Cov kws tshawb fawb ntseeg tias Mariana Trench yuav yog tus yuam sij rau kev nthuav tawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub neej hauv peb lub ntiaj teb, thiab tej zaum dhau mus. Ua tsaug rau lub hom phiaj ntawm dej hiav txwv tob ntawm James Cameron, nws tau paub txog cov qauv tshiab ntawm lub neej txawv txawv.

Cov duab Mariana Trench
Cov duab Mariana Trench

Nws muab tawm tias ntxiv rau cov kab mob thiab kab mob, crayfish, rhizopods, gastropods, invertebrates nrog lub plhaub ntawmraws li chitin, thiab txawm tias ntses uas tuaj yeem tsoo nrog cov hniav loj, qhov muag uas tig mus rau hauv cov lus qhia sib txawv thiab ntse spikes es tsis txhob fins. Cov hniav ntawm megalodon, ib tug loj heev prehistoric shark, kuj pom nyob rau hauv qab. Nws ntseeg tau tias lub qhov ncauj ntawm tus dab no dav txog 2 meters dav, nws ntev yog 24 meters, thiab nws hnyav yog li ib puas tons…

Cov duab Mariana Trench
Cov duab Mariana Trench

Lub hauv qab ntawm kev nyuaj siab, lub siab uas yog 1100 lub sij hawm ntau dua li ib txwm atmospheric siab, yog lus teem nrog ntau hom kab mob nyob. Raws li cov kws tshawb fawb, nws nyob ntawm no tias cov hauv paus hniav ntawm cov metabolism tau muab zais - cov uas tuaj yeem pib cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg uas ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim hauv av, thiab, tej zaum, neeg txawv teb chaws lub neej, thiab nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm lub hnub ci system.

Ib xyoo dhau los, cov kws tshawb fawb dej hiav txwv tau tsim ib daim ntawv qhia peb-dimensional ntawm hauv qab thiab tam sim no muaj lub tswv yim tseeb dua ntawm qhov Mariana Trench zoo li. Cov duab thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab uas tau muab los ntawm kev dhia dej thiab los ntawm satellites, vam tias thaum kawg, yuav tso cai rau cov kws tshawb fawb los sau qhov khoob hauv keeb kwm ntawm lub ntiaj teb.

Pom zoo: