Pogankin's chambers, Pskov: duab, chaw nyob, sijhawm ua haujlwm

Cov txheej txheem:

Pogankin's chambers, Pskov: duab, chaw nyob, sijhawm ua haujlwm
Pogankin's chambers, Pskov: duab, chaw nyob, sijhawm ua haujlwm

Video: Pogankin's chambers, Pskov: duab, chaw nyob, sijhawm ua haujlwm

Video: Pogankin's chambers, Pskov: duab, chaw nyob, sijhawm ua haujlwm
Video: Novospassky Monastery Choir - Cherubin Hymm 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
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Nyob hauv peb lub tebchaws, ntau lub nroog muaj keeb kwm nplua nuj thiab vaj tsev monuments. Pob zeb Pogankin chav nyob hauv Pskov intrigue nrog lawv lub npe. Tab sis nws hloov tawm hais tias lawv muaj npe tom qab lub npe ntawm cov tub lag luam uas tsim lawv. Nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub XVII caug xyoo.

toadskin chav
toadskin chav

Leej twg tsim lawv

Tau kawg, qhov kev tsim kho no tsuas yog ua tau los ntawm tus txiv neej nplua nuj, xws li Sergei Ivanovich Pogankin tsis ntseeg tau. Nrog lub xeem lub npe, nws, ntawm chav kawm, tsis muaj hmoo. Tab sis hauv kev lag luam muaj hmoo. Cov npe tsis tau muab ib yam li ntawd ua ntej. Cov no yog cov npe menyuam yaus piav txog qee yam ntawm tus neeg. Lo lus "toadstool" txawm tias tom qab ntawd muaj qhov tsis zoo. Yog li ntawd, nws thiaj li xam tau tias tus neeg uas raug hu tsis zoo. Txawm hais tias nws tsev neeg yuav yog cov neeg tsim nyog, lawv yuav tsum tau ris lub npe no, uas ua rau lwm tus xav tsis thoob txog kev huv ntawm lawv cov poj koob yawm txwv.

Sergey, uas tom qab tsim lub Pogankin Chambers, cov duab uas tuaj yeem pom hauv kab lus no, ua rau nws txoj kev lag luam muaj txiaj ntsig hauv nqaij npuas kib. Nws hloov tawm tias cov khoom no tau nrov nyob rau lub sijhawm, thiab cov cim ntawm nws qhov kev muag khoom tau coj zoo heevtangible nyiaj tau los. Ntxiv rau cov roj yaj, Pogankin muag hemp, yuft, flax thiab lwm yam khoom. Nws tsis txwv rau kev lag luam. Nws tau nqis peev nyiaj tau los hauv kev nrhiav vaj tse, kev npaj vaj thiab vaj txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Sergei kuj muaj ib lub zeb thiab tannery. Nws yuav zoo li tias ib tug neeg khwv tau los ntawm nws tus kheej ua haujlwm, tab sis kev xav ntawm cov neeg nyob ib puag ncig nws yog xws li tias nws cov nyiaj txiag tsis ncaj ncees. Lawv tham txog nws smuggling, kev sib txuas nrog bandits. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws feem ntau raug ntes vim tsis them nyiaj ua haujlwm.

Toadskin chav tsev ntawm Pskov
Toadskin chav tsev ntawm Pskov

Lub neej summary

Yuav ua li cas nws muaj nyiaj ntau. Yog li ntawd, nws tau raug tsa los ua tus thawj coj ntawm cov nyiaj vaj, vim tias thaum muaj kev tsis txaus, nws tuaj yeem them nyiaj rau nws ntawm nws tus kheej. Feem ntau, Pogankin tseem tuav lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev lis kev cai, uas yog, nws tau mob siab rau qhov uas nws tuaj yeem nrhiav tau nws tus kheej cov txiaj ntsig. Nyiaj tsis tau pab nws ciaj sia thaum muaj tus kab mob plague. Txhua yam uas nws tau txais hauv nws lub neej, suav nrog Pogankin cov chav, nws tsis tau tso tseg los ntawm qub txeeg qub teg rau nws cov tub Ivan thiab Yakim, txij li thaum nws tsis ua raws li nws lub siab nyiam. Tsev neeg tau cuam tshuam los ntawm nws tus tub xeeb ntxwv, uas tau muab tag nrho cov kev nplua nuj rau monasteries thiab cov tuam tsev nyob rau hauv lub npe ntawm kev cawm cov ntsuj plig uas muaj, thiab cov vaj tse tau pauv mus rau lub nroog cov nyiaj txiag. Qee lub sij hawm lawv tau ua lub khw muag khoom, thiab tom qab ntawd ua cov hmoov warehouse. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th, lub Pogankin Chambers tau los rau hauv tus tswv ntawm V. I. Rimsky-Korsakov, thiab ces rov qab mus rau lub txhab nyiaj dua. Thaum lub sij hawm hloov ntawm ib tus tswv mus rau lwm tus, cov tsev tau tawg rau hauv qhov chaw. Yog li ntawd, lawv tau tsim kho dua tshiab thiab cov plag tsev "ntxiv" raug rhuav tshem.

toadskin's chamber yees duab
toadskin's chamber yees duab

Architecture nta

HloovCov phab ntsa pob zeb tsis raug nthuav tawm, uas yog qhov ruaj khov thiab txawm tias tiv thaiv kev tawg ntawm German demolitionists hauv 1944, thaum lub Pogankin Chambers twb yog ib lub tsev khaws puav pheej thiab koom nrog Pskov Archaeological Society. Tau kawg, qee qhov kev puas tsuaj tau tshwm sim rau qee lub tsev. Piv txwv li, ib lub tsev peb-zaj, uas tau rov qab los rau xyoo 1950, raug puas tsuaj ib nrab.

Pogankin cov chav sab nrauv zoo li peculiar. Niaj hnub no, nws pom ntau dua qhov pom qhov rais loj kom muaj qhov pom kev hauv chav nyob, thiab nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th, nws zoo nkaus li tias qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov phab ntsa thiab lub zog ntawm lub tsev, txij li thaum lub xyoo pua 17th, nws yog qhov pom zoo kom pom cov qhov rais loj dua kom muaj qhov pom kev hauv chav nyob. qhov rais nyob rau hauv lub tsev yog heev me me thiab ntau zoo li lub voj voog. Muaj 105 daim nyob rau hauv tag nrho.

Pogankin Chambers Pskov qhib sijhawm qhib
Pogankin Chambers Pskov qhib sijhawm qhib

Qhov tseem ceeb yog lub zog

Cov phab ntsa sab nrauv tsis muaj décor thiab tsuas yog ntxuav dawb xwb. Lub tsev zoo li lub fortress. Yog, nws yog, thaj, thiab tau xeeb ua li ntawd. Qhov no yog pov thawj los ntawm hlau kaw nrog twisted tuav uas kaw lub qhov rais raws li xav tau, cov ntaiv sab hauv hauv cov phab ntsa tuab, ntau niches thiab caches. Tab sis sab hauv cov neeg taug kev xav tau ntau yam nthuav. Yuav ua li cas mus rau Pogankin Chambers? Lawv qhov chaw nyob yog tib yam li ntawm Pskov Tsev khaws puav pheej-Reserve, vim lawv yog ib qho ntawm nws qhov kev nthuav tawm. Mus rau sab hauv, koj yuav tsum yuav daim pib.

pogankiny chambers chaw nyob
pogankiny chambers chaw nyob

Dab tsi yog Pogankin cov chav (Pskov) ua los ntawm

Tus qauv zoo ib yam li tsab ntawv "G". Nws muaj peb ntu: loj, nruab nrab thiab me. Nyob rau hauv uas, raws li, tus tswv, cov tswv cuab ntawm nws tsev neeg nyob thiab muaj cooks. Los ntawmlub qab nthab hauv qhov chaw yog ib lub staircase nrog cov kauj ruam siab. Nce toj nws, koj pom koj tus kheej hauv txoj kev dav dav. Muaj rau chav loj nyob rau hauv pem teb no. Lawv txhua tus muaj vaulted ceilings. Cov kab nruab nrab ntawm lawv kuj yog vaulted. Kuj tseem muaj ob chav pab me me. Peb lub tsev loj loj tau ua haujlwm rau kev tsim khoom thiab tau txuas nrog lub cellars nyob hauv pem teb.

Pogankin cov chav kuj muaj ob-zaj dab neeg. Nyob rau hauv ib lub tier ntxiv muaj ib lub vestibule, chav, chav noj mov thiab chaw rau kev lom zem. Cov vaj tsev nyob yog ntoo. Tab sis kuj muaj peb lub pob zeb pem teb. Lub staircase, raws li qhov yuav tsum tau nce nws, tau kaw nrog peb lub qhov rooj: thaum pib, nruab nrab thiab thaum kawg. Muaj chav rau ntau txoj haujlwm. Lawv muab faib ua txiv neej thiab poj niam. Cov nplais qhov cub tau khaws cia hauv cov chav. Lawv cov nplua nuj ua tiav hais txog kev nplua nuj ntawm tus tswv tsev.

Pskov Pogankin Chambers chaw nyob
Pskov Pogankin Chambers chaw nyob

Dab tsi tuaj yeem pom hauv

Nkag mus rau lub tsev pib nrog lub staircase siab uas ua rau muaj kev nthuav qhia cov khoom qub qub uas tau txais los ntawm cov khoom muaj nqis. Cov no yog riam phom, thiab cov cim tseem ceeb, nrog rau ntau yam khoom siv nyiaj. Filigree yog ib hom tshwj xeeb ntawm cov koob ua los ntawm cov xov nyiaj. Hauv Pskov, craftsmen ua ntau yam khoom siv cov txheej txheem no. Cov qauv qub uas lawv tsim txawv ntawm Novgorod thiab Moscow. Antiques ua nyob rau hauv no txoj kev kuj muaj nyob rau hauv cov chav. Pskov icons kuj tau nthuav tawm ntawm no. Lawv sau ntawv kuj muaj nws tus yam ntxwv. Yog koj paub txoglawv, tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv ntawm cov cim no los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus tswv los ntawm lwm qhov chaw ntawm koj tus kheej. Ua ntej, cov no yog cov ntsej muag nruj thiab sab ntsuj plig ntawm cov neeg ntseeg, thiab qhov thib ob, kev siv cov xim ci, saturated thaum sau ntawv, feem ntau tsaus ntsuab, liab, thiab dawb. Ntxiv nrog rau cov cim, lub Pogankin Chambers (Pskov) nthuav tawm rau cov neeg tuaj saib lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm Dovmontov lub nroog. Ntawm cov fragments no koj tuaj yeem pom cov seem ntawm frescoes ntawm lub xyoo pua XIV. Cov khoom siv hauv tsev, khaub ncaws, thiab ceramics kuj tau nthuav tawm hauv cov tsev cia puav pheej.

Pob zeb qhov ntxa chambers nyob rau hauv Pskov
Pob zeb qhov ntxa chambers nyob rau hauv Pskov

Nrov tshaj tawm

Pogankin cov chav, cov duab uas tau nthuav tawm hauv tsab xov xwm no, muab kev mus xyuas ntau lub rooj sib tham hauv lawv thaj chaw. Ib tug ntawm lawv qhib nyob rau hauv 2003 thiab tau mob siab rau 1100th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm Pskov. Qhov kev nthuav qhia qhia txog keeb kwm ntawm lub nroog thiab muaj ntau lub tsev. Ib tug ntawm lawv tau mob siab rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub nroog thiab nws tus tsim, Ntxhais fuabtais Olga. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau kev ntseeg, tab sis cov khoom uas muaj nyob rau hauv II-III centuries tau muaj sia nyob rau niaj hnub no. n. e., thiab lawv sawv cev hauv chav no. Cov no muaj xws li horn combs, riam, av nplaum whorls, amulets, hlab ntsha, hlaws dai, npib, nplai, thiab cov yuam sij. Txhua yam uas cov neeg ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd siv. Koj tuaj yeem pom daim duab ntawm Olga nws tus kheej ntawm no. Lwm cov khoom nthuav dav ntawm cov zaub yog cov qauv ntawm lub nkoj Scandinavian. Nws yog nyob rau hauv xws li cov ancient Pskovites taug kev raws tus dej. Tab sis lawv zoo li cas? Anthropologists tau pab xav txog lawv cov tsos, uas kawm txog qhov seem uas pom nyob rau hauv faus neeg rov qab mus rau 10th-11th centuries, thiab recreated Pskov cov txiv neej thiab cov poj niam ntawm lub sij hawm.

Zoo kawg nkaus

WoLub tsev thib ob nthuav qhia riam phom, qhia txog kev ua tub rog ntawm Pskov, txog Kev Sib Tw ntawm Dej khov. Chain mail, kaus mom hlau thiab ntaj tso rau ntawm no tso cai rau peb los xav txog dab tsi cov tub rog thaum ub muaj. Muaj txawm riam phom ntawm Vsevolod-Gabriel thiab Dovmont-Timofey - princes uas canonized neeg dawb huv. Lub tsev thib peb qhia txog kab lis kev cai ntawm lub nroog, hais txog qhov tseem ceeb uas cov neeg nyob nrog rau kev ntseeg. Ntau yam khoom siv hauv tsev teev ntuj tau nthuav tawm ntawm no: tswb, horos, monastic chains, thiab cov phau ntawv. Cov neeg tuaj saib rau qhov kev nthuav qhia nthuav dav no yuav ua rau lawv nkag siab hauv keeb kwm ntawm lub nroog los ntawm qub txeeg qub teg rau niaj hnub no.

Rau cov neeg uas txaus siab rau Pogankin Chambers (Pskov), cov sijhawm qhib yog raws li hauv qab no: txhua hnub txij 11 teev sawv ntxov txog 6 teev tsaus ntuj, kaw hnub Monday. Hnub huv si yog hnub Tuesday kawg ntawm lub hli. Koj tuaj yeem tuaj ntawm no nrog menyuam yaus. Nws yuav pab tau rau lawv kom paub txog keeb kwm ntawm Russia. Ntxiv mus, nws tsis yog qhov nyuaj los nrhiav qhov chaw no - Pskov, Pogankin Chambers. Chaw nyob: st. Nekrasova, 7.

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