Lo lus "pelagic ntses" los ntawm qhov chaw lawv nyob. Thaj chaw no yog thaj chaw ntawm hiav txwv lossis dej hiav txwv uas tsis ciam teb hauv qab.
Pelageal - yog dab tsi?
Los ntawm Greek "pelagial" yog txhais tias "qhib hiav txwv", uas ua haujlwm rau nekton, plankton thiab pleuston. Conventionally, thaj tsam pelagic tau muab faib ua ob peb txheej:
- epipelagial - nyob ntawm qhov tob txog li 200 meters;
- mesopelagial - ntawm qhov tob txog 1000 meters;
- batypelagial - mus txog 4000 meters;
- tshaj 4000 meters - abysopegial.
Pelagic fish description
Cov no yog cov neeg nyob hauv hiav txwv, ib qho tshwj xeeb uas yog qhov chaw nyob - thaj tsam pelagic. Muaj ob hom ntses pelagic: ntug hiav txwv dej thiab dej hiav txwv. Cov yav dhau los nyob hauv cov dej ntiav, qhov twg hnub ci pom los ntawm, thaum yav tas los siv sijhawm feem ntau hauv cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg, qee zaus ua luam dej rau hauv thaj chaw ntug dej hiav txwv, feem ntau yog rau spawning.
Rau qhov feem ntau, cov ntses pelagic tau ua pov thawj tias ua luam dej zoo heev. Lub cev torpedo-shaped los yog spindle-shaped lub cev tso cai rau lawv sai sai txiav los ntawm cov dej ntom ntom, thaum txhim kho kev kub ceev. Pelagic qhov ntau thiab tsawgCov ntses ntau los ntawm me me (salak, saury lossis herring) mus rau cov tsiaj loj: cov ntses dej hiav txwv thiab tuna. Pelagic ntses feem ntau tsim cov tsev kawm ntawv loj, qee zaum ncav cuag ntau tshaj ib txhiab tons, tab sis muaj cov neeg nyiam nyob ib leeg.
hom tsiaj
Lub ntsiab muag ntses yog pelagics. Nws suav txog 65-75% ntawm tag nrho cov ntes. Vim muaj cov khoom loj thiab muaj nyob hauv ntuj, pelagic ntses yog hom pheej yig tshaj plaws ntawm cov nqaij nruab deg. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis cuam tshuam rau saj thiab txiaj ntsig. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam ntes yog nyob ntawm pelagic ntses ntawm Hiav Txwv Dub, Hiav Txwv North, Hiav Txwv Marmara, Hiav Txwv B altic, nrog rau cov hiav txwv ntawm North Atlantic thiab Pacific phiab. Cov no suav nrog smelt (capelin), anchovy, herring, herring, nees mackerel, cod (xiav whiting), mackerel.
Tej zaum cov ntses feem ntau thiab nrhiav-tom qab yog herring. Nws feem ntau nyob hauv pelagial ntawm hiav txwv ntawm North Atlantic, hauv hiav txwv Barents thiab North Hiav Txwv. Muaj plaub pawg ntawm herring: spawning, loj ua ntej spawning, rog thiab me me herring. Cov khoom muaj nqis tshaj plaws yog fatty herring. Tom qab tag nrho, nws yog ib qho yooj yim khaws cia thiab zoo kawg nkaus s alted.
Qhov thib ob nrov tshaj plaws ntawm cov neeg siv khoom yog mackerel. Cov ntses no belongs rau perch-zoo li thiab yog dav faib nyob rau hauv cov dej ntawm lub B altic, Dub thiab Marmara Seas. Qhov nruab nrab ntev ntawm mackerel yog 30-35 centimeters. Qee tus tib neegmuaj peev xwm ncav cuag qhov ntev txog li 60 centimeters. Cov xim ntawm mackerel yog grey-ntsuab nrog ntau cov kab txaij dub nyob rau sab nraub qaum. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev ua zaub mov hauv kaus poom, cov khoom haus txias, nrog rau cov ntses xoob thiab ntses salmon.
Hom thib peb ntawm cov ntses pelagic, uas yog kev lag luam, suav nrog capelin thiab herring. Capelin yog smelt, arctic ntses uas pub rau crustaceans thiab plankton. Nws qhov ntev tsis tshua muaj siab tshaj 20 centimeters. Qhov no yog ib tug ntses tsev kawm ntawv uas nyob rau hauv lub Upper txheej yuav luag circumpolar. Nws yog siv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm sprats, pickled thiab smoked, raws li zoo raws li qhuav thiab qhuav.
Salaka feem ntau nyob hauv cov dej hiav txwv B altic. Outwardly, nws zoo ib yam li Atlantic herring, tab sis nws yog qhov me me, uas yog li ntawm 20 centimeters. Salaka muaj lub cev elongated thiab silvery xim. Cov ntses no tau muag hauv daim ntawv khov, hauv daim ntawv khaws cia thiab cov kaus poom zaub mov, thiab hauv cov ntawv txias.
Siab
Pelagic ntses tau ntev tau nto moo rau cov ntsiab lus muaj roj ntau, tshaj 20%. Qee hom herring yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov vitamins B12, A, D, iodine thiab amino acids, uas yog ib feem ntawm cov protein muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm herring. Cov kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb tau ua pov thawj tias muaj herring nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov txo cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kab mob ntawm cov hlab plawv system. Cov ntses fillet muaj elastic, sib tw-dense kev ntxhib los mos thiab qab ntxiag saj.
Smoked mackerel ntses muaj muag heev, qab qab, thiab kiblos yog boiled nqaij yog characterized los ntawm ib tug qhuav kev ntxhib los mos. Mackerel muaj ntau yam tseem ceeb, xws li: phosphorus, manganese, zinc thiab B vitamins.
Smelt pelagic ntses yog yooj yim digestible thiab muaj li ntawm 20% protein. Lawv yog cov nplua nuj nyob rau hauv amino acids, proteins, calcium, raws li zoo raws li xws li ib tug tseem ceeb lub caij xws li selenium. Cov nqaij ntawm cov ntses smelt yog mos thiab mos, uas ua rau lawv saj tshwj xeeb.
