Daim ntawv sau rau ntawm lub rooj vag ntawm Buchenwald: "Rau txhua tus nws tus kheej"

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:54

Weimar yog ib lub nroog nyob hauv lub tebchaws Yelemes qhov chaw uas J. Goethe, F. Schiller, F. Liszt, J. Bach thiab lwm tus neeg zoo ntawm lub tebchaws no tau yug los thiab nyob. Lawv tau hloov lub nroog lub nroog mus rau hauv German qhov chaw ntawm kab lis kev cai. Thiab nyob rau xyoo 1937, cov neeg German uas muaj kab lis kev cai tau tsim lub chaw nyob ze rau lawv cov neeg tawm tsam kev xav: communist, tawm tsam fascists, socialists thiab lwm tus tawm tsam tsoomfwv.

Cov ntawv sau rau ntawm lub rooj vag ntawm Buchenwald, txhais los ntawm German, txhais tau tias "rau txhua tus nws tus kheej", thiab lo lus "Buchenwald" nws tus kheej txhais tau tias "beech hav zoov". Lub chaw pw hav zoov tau tsim tshwj xeeb rau cov neeg phem phem. Cov neeg Yudais, homosexuals, gypsies, Slavs, mulattoes thiab lwm yam haiv neeg "tso" cov neeg, "subhumans", tshwm sim tom qab. Qhov tseeb Aryans tau nqis peev rau hauv lo lus "subhuman" tias qhov no yog qhov zoo li tus neeg, uas yog sab ntsuj plig qis dua li tsiaj nyaum. Qhov no yog lub hauv paus ntawm unbridled passions, lub siab xav ua kom puas txhua yam nyob ib ncig ntawm, primitive khib thiab siab phem, tsis them los ntawm dab tsi. Tab sis qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias cov no tsis yog tib neeg ntawm qee tus neeg, tab sis tag nrho lub teb chaws thiab txawm tias haiv neeg. Cov Nazis ntseeg tias yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tuaj txogBolshevik cov tub ceev xwm tau pib tswj hwm lub teb chaws los ntawm cov neeg degenerate tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb, thiab cov communist yog inborn criminals. Tom qab kev tawm tsam ntawm USSR, cov neeg raug kaw hauv Soviet tau pib nkag mus rau hauv lub yeej, tab sis yuav luag txhua tus raug tua.

Yog li, ob peb hnub hauv lub Cuaj Hli 1941, 8483 tus neeg raug tua. Thaum xub thawj, tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Soviet neeg raug kaw, yog li nws tsis tuaj yeem tsim kom muaj pes tsawg tus neeg raug tua tag nrho. Qhov laj thawj rau kev tua yog qhov tsis tseem ceeb. Lub International Red Cross tuaj yeem muab cov neeg raug kaw ua tsov rog nrog cov khoom hauv tsev, tab sis USSR yuav tsum tau muab cov npe ntawm cov neeg raug ntes, thiab tsis muaj leej twg xav tau cov neeg raug kaw. Yog li ntawd, los ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav xyoo 1942, 1.6 lab tus neeg raug kaw hauv Soviet tseem nyob, thiab xyoo 1941 muaj 3.9 lab ntawm lawv. Lwm tus raug tua, tuag tshaib plab, kab mob, khov hauv qhov txias.

Ntawm Nuremberg kev sim siab, cov ntaub ntawv tau tshaj tawm raws li cov Nazis yuav tua cov pejxeem hauv thaj chaw uas tau tuav tseg: 50% hauv Ukraine, 60% hauv Belarus, txog li 75% hauv Russia, tus so yog xav tau. ua haujlwm rau Nazis. Thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 1941, Soviet cov neeg raug kaw ua tsov ua rog tshwm sim hauv lub tebchaws Yelemes. Lawv raug yuam ua haujlwm tam sim ntawd, suav nrog hauv cov chaw ua tub rog. Cov tub rog kws tshaj lij thiab cov neeg nyiam ua haujlwm tsis xav ua haujlwm rau cov yeeb ncuab. Cov neeg uas tsis kam lees raug xa mus rau cov chaw pw hav zoov. Thiab rau lawv cov ntawv sau rau ntawm lub rooj vag ntawm Buchenwald tau npaj. Cov uas tsis muaj zog thiab ua haujlwm tsis zoo raug rhuav tshem, thiab lwm tus raug yuam ua haujlwm.

Koj ua haujlwm - koj noj, koj tsis ua haujlwm - koj tshaib plab. Thiab yog li ntawd cov "nonhumans" yuav to taub, inscription ntawm lub rooj vag ntawm Buchenwald tau ua nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug txoj kev uas.nws tau nyeem los ntawm sab hauv lub yeej. Nyob rau hauv lub camp, cov Nazis ua raws li lawv xav tau. Piv txwv li, tus poj niam ntawm lub taub hau ntawm lub yeej thoj nam, Elsa Koch, xaiv cov tshiab tuaj nrog nthuav tattoos thiab ua lampshades, handbags, hnab tawv me, thiab lwm yam los ntawm lawv cov tawv nqaij, thiab muab sau lus qhia rau nws cov phooj ywg - cov poj niam ntawm cov neeg zov ntawm lwm lub camps. - ntawm qhov txheej txheem no. Ib txhia ntawm cov neeg tuag tej taub hau tau qhuav mus rau qhov loj ntawm folded nrig. Cov kws kho mob tau sim tshuaj tiv thaiv frostbite, typhoid, tuberculosis thiab kab mob plague rau tib neeg. Lawv tau ua cov kev sim tshuaj kho mob, teeb tsa cov kab mob sib kis thiab sim cov kev daws teeb meem nrog lawv. Lawv nqus cov ntshav rau cov neeg raug mob, thiab tsis yog 300 - 400 grams, tab sis tag nrho ib zaug. Nws tsis tuaj yeem piav qhia txawm tias ib feem ntawm qhov txaus ntshai uas cov neeg raug kaw tau ntsib.

Daim ntawv sau rau ntawm lub rooj vag ntawm Buchenwald yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account cov neeg German muaj kev kawm siab. Rau nws, tsuas yog Aryans yog neeg, thiab tag nrho cov seem yog subhuman, "untermensch", lawv tsis yog tib neeg, tab sis tsuas yog zoo li tib neeg. Lawv txoj hmoo nrog kev yeej ntawm National Socialism tsuas yog ua qhev thiab lub neej nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm ntawm nyuj ua hauj lwm. Thiab tsis muaj kev ywj pheej. Qhov no yog lub tswv yim los ntawm cov ntawv sau rau ntawm lub rooj vag ntawm Buchenwald tau yug los. Txij thaum pib lub Plaub Hlis 1945, nyob rau hauv kev coj noj coj ua ntawm lub koom haum thoob ntiaj teb kev tawm tsam hauv av, cov neeg raug kaw tau tso tseg tsis ua raws li kev tswj hwm lub chaw pw hav zoov. Thiab ob hnub tom qab, tau hnov cov cannonade los ntawm sab hnub poob, lub yeej rog tau sawv hauv kev tawm tsam. Tom qab rhuav tshem cov laj kab nyob hauv ntau qhov chaw, cov neeg raug kaw tau ntes cov tub ceev xwm SS thiab yuav luag 800 tus neeg saib xyuas. Feem ntau raug tua los yog tawg ntawm tes, thiab 80txiv neej raug kaw. Lub Plaub Hlis 11, ntawm 15: 15, ib pab tub rog ntawm cov neeg Asmeskas tau tuav lub yeej tus kheej-liberated camp. Lawv tau kho lub laj kab, muab cov neeg raug kaw rau hauv cov tub rog thiab kom lawv muab lawv cov riam phom. Tsuas yog ib pab tub rog ntawm Soviet cov neeg raug kaw tsis tau muab lawv cov riam phom. Lub Plaub Hlis 13, lub rooj vag ntawm Buchenwald tau qhib dav - cov tub rog Soviet nkag mus rau hauv lub yeej. Qhov no yog qhov kawg ntawm Hitler keeb kwm ntawm Buchenwald. Ntawm 260,000 tus neeg uas tau mus pw hav zoov, cov neeg German tua yuav luag 60,000. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, yuav luag 12 lab tus tib neeg raug tua nyob rau hauv German concentration camps thaum Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog II.