Nyob rau hauv peb tsab xov xwm peb xav tham txog koj tus tsiaj ua tau. Ntsib cov spadefoot no. Tsis ntev los no, cov tsiaj txawv txawv kiag li tau los ua qauv, thawb cov miv thiab dev mus rau hauv keeb kwm yav dhau.
Npauj npaim yog leej twg?
Common spadefoot (pelobates fuscus) yog Qav, ib tug tswv cuab ntawm tag nrho tsev neeg ntawm spadefoot. Los ntawm txoj kev, qhov no yog ib tug me me amphibious creatures, mus txog rau yim centimeters ntev. Feem ntau cov qav yog lub teeb grey lossis daj-xim av.
Tab sis cov spadefoot feem ntau tau txais nws lub npe nthuav vim qhov tseeb tias nws cov tawv nqaij qee zaum emits qej tsw. Cov caj pas ntawm amphibian secrete mucus nrog xws li ib qho tsis kaj siab tsw thaum muaj xwm txheej.
Common spadefoot: piav qhia
Yog tias koj saib ntawm spadefoot, sab nraud nws zoo li tus nquab tshaj plaws, tsuas yog nws daim tawv nqaij du heev. Qav muaj lub cev ruaj khov, lub taub hau loj, tab sis ob txhais ceg luv luv. Nws ob lub qhov muag loj thiab bulging, thiab muaj cov hniav. Lub teeb stretches raws qabkab txaij.
Common spadefoot: chaw nyob
Tus spadefoot yog ib yam tsiaj txawv txawv. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas muaj cov av mos. Thiab qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias nws nyiam khawb hauv av. Yog li ntawd, cov qav no feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv cov teb, tab sis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv ntub dej thiab hmo ntuj. Lawv burrow rau hauv av nrog kev pab los ntawm lawv ob txhais ceg, uas yog armed nrog ib tug spade-puab tubercle. Qav siv sijhawm ntau dua hauv av ntawm qhov tob ntawm kaum tsib centimeters. Ntxiv mus, lub spadefoot khawb av nrog amazing ceev thiab sai mus vertically down. Thaum nruab hnub, lawv zaum hauv minks, thiab tawm mus thaum hmo ntuj nrhiav zaub mov, tab sis lawv tsuas tuaj yeem tua tau thaum huab cua ntub txaus, yog tias qhuav, lawv yuav tsis tawm hauv lawv lub tsev, txawm tias lawv xav tau ntau npaum li cas. noj. Cov neeg laus hibernate txij lub Cuaj Hlis mus txog Lub Plaub Hlis nyob rau hauv cov burrows ntawm nas, nqos, moles, nyob rau hauv pits nyob rau hauv stumps.
Spadefoot Feem ntau nyob hauv hav zoov dav dav thiab sib xyaw hav zoov, meadows, zaub vaj, swamps thiab pas dej.
Koj tuaj yeem ntsib qav tsuas yog thaum tsaus ntuj, tsaus ntuj lossis sawv ntxov, thiab txawm tias thaum ntawd, tsuas yog thaum huab cua ntub txaus rau nws. Nws yog vim li no tias spadefoot suav hais tias yog hom tsis tshua muaj.
Kev tsim tawm ntawm spadefoot
Qav nyob hauv dej tsuas yog thaum yug me nyuam, uas yog kwv yees li nees nkaum tsib hnub. Cov txheej txheem spawning nws tus kheej yog nyob rau hauv dej. Tus poj niam muaj peev xwm nteg mus txog 1800 qe. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias ntawm txhua tus neeg sawv cev ntawm amphibians,spadefoot yog kab tias lub sijhawm hibernation ntev tshaj plaws, uas yog ob puas hnub.
Qav siv tag nrho lub caij sib tw ze ntawm lub pas dej. Lub caij ntuj sov thiab nag ntau dua, lub caij yug me nyuam yuav kav ntev. Cov poj niam nteg lawv cov clutches, zoo ib yam li cov xov, ncaj qha rau ntawm cov nroj tsuag hauv pas dej.
Tom qab ntawd cov tadpoles loj tuaj txog li ib puas hnub. Cov tadpoles me me yog cov txiv kab ntxwv xim, tom qab ntawd lawv dhau los ua golden thiab brownish. Txhawm rau pub lawv tus kheej, lawv coj txoj haujlwm ntsug thiab sau cov khoom tsim nyog los ntawm cov dej saum npoo nrog lawv lub qhov ncauj. Lawv cov zaub mov yog cov zaub mov cog. Hauv dej ntiav, lawv nyiam tsis ua luam dej. Cov tadpoles loj txaus kom haum rau ntawm koj txhais tes.
Thaum lawv muaj forelimbs, lawv tam sim ntawd tawm hauv lub pas dej thiab mus rau av, burrow underground thiab tos rau lub caij thaum lawv tus Tsov tus tw ntog. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm tadpoles tuaj yeem kav li ntawm peb mus rau tsib lub hlis. Puberty ntawm amphibians tshwm sim thaum muaj hnub nyoog peb xyoos.
Amphibian zaub mov
Cov spadefoot nquag tsuas yog thaum nruab hnub thiab tib lub sijhawm zoo siab rau thaj av. Thaum lub caij ntuj sov, nws tuaj yeem ua tau tag nrho cov kev mus ncig, tawm mus rau pua meters ntawm dej. Thaum nruab hnub, amphibians so, thiab hmo ntuj lawv tawm mus yos hav zoov. Lawv noj kab, worms, qwj.
Tom qab noj hmo ib hmo, cov spadefoot feem ntau (cov duab tau muab rau hauv tsab xov xwm) khawb ib lub qhov rau nws tus kheejnrog nws ob txhais ceg thiab nraub qaum plunges rau hauv av, thaum kaw nws ob lub qhov muag thiab qhov ntswg. Nws tsuas siv ob peb feeb xwb kom nws burrow.
Qab tus kheej tiv thaiv
Tiv thaiv cov yeeb ncuab, Qav siv tshuaj tsw qab qej. Nws sawv ntawm qhov txaus ntshai me ntsis thiab muaj peev xwm ua rau tsis muaj siab xav tawm tsam. Yog hais tias, txawm li cas los xij, tus spadeweed tsis tau khiav hauv lub sijhawm, ces nws pib croak nrov, swells thiab nce rau ntawm nws paws. Nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug yooj yim txoj kev, nws sim ua kom nws loj thiab yog li hem tus yeeb ncuab. Ob leeg poj niam thiab txiv neej tuaj yeem croak, tab sis lawv tsis muaj resonators, thiab yog li ntawd lawv tsuas yog hnov nyob ze dej. Nyob rau hauv cov qus, ib tug amphibian nyob rau tsib mus rau rau xyoo. Thiab tom tsev, nrog kev saib xyuas ib txwm, cov qav no tuaj yeem nyob tau txog kaum ib xyoos.
Cov tshuaj lom ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm Qav tsis yog qhov txaus ntshai, tsuas yog tuaj yeem ua mob rau tib neeg tsawg. Rau ib tug neeg, nws tsis ua rau muaj kev phom sij, thiab yog li ntawd tus qav tuaj yeem khaws tau zoo. Feem ntau, tus spadefoot nws tus kheej dhau los ua zaub mov rau nab, vipers, herons, storks, curlews, falcons, bitterns, black kites, black grouse, owls, eagle owls, tawny owls, badgers, crows, hedgehogs, polecats, foxes, minks. Raws li koj tau pom, tus tsiaj me no muaj ntau tshaj li cov yeeb ncuab txaus.
Tsev spadefoot
Hauv paus ntsiab lus, cov spadefoot feem ntau tuaj yeem ua tus tsiaj. Khaws nws nyob rau hauv captivity yuav tsum muaj nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb terrarium ntawm tsawg kawg yog peb caug liters. Nws yuav tsum yeej muaj ib lub reservoir, cov dej uas yuav tsum tau hloov txhua hnub. Nyob ntawmHauv qab ntawm lub tank yuav tsum tau them nrog ib txheej ntawm av tsib mus rau yim centimeters tuab, muaj peat, ntoo tawv ntoo thiab xuab zeb. Tsis tas li, nco ntsoov kom muaj cov nroj tsuag ntsuab hauv terrarium.
Rau cov neeg laus, koj tsis tas yuav sov huab cua ntxiv, nees nkaum degrees yuav txaus, tab sis koj yuav tsum saib xyuas cov av noo, nws yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg yog 75 feem pua, thiab nws zoo dua yog tias nws muaj nqis. ze rau 90%. Lub spadefoot yog cov tsiaj nocturnal, yog li koj tsis tas yuav teeb pom kev hauv terrarium.
Qab tadpoles yuav tsum tau noj zaub mov. Cov neeg laus xav tau cov ntsaum, cov kab hauv av, kab laug sab, kab larvae, tag nrho cov uas muaj ntau tshaj li yim caum feem pua ntawm lawv cov zaub mov. Tsis tas li ntawd, spadeworts nyiam noj cov tsiaj nyeg thiab slugs. Koj yuav tsum yuav qav hauv khw muag tsiaj.
Nyuaj rau kev khaws cia amphibian
Yog tias koj txiav txim siab khaws Qav hauv tsev, koj yuav tsum ntsuas tam sim ntawd txhua qhov teeb meem cuam tshuam nrog qhov no. Puas yog nws yooj yim heev rau kev saib xyuas cov qej? Cov txheej txheem tswj cov av noo, thiab rau cov tub ntxhais hluas kuj rau qhov kub thiab txias, yuav tsum dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tuav tus qav.
Ntxiv rau, nco ntsoov tias terrarium yuav tsum tau ntxuav ntau zaus thiab dej hloov txhua hnub. Nws kuj tsis yooj yim kom tau txais cov zaub mov nyob, thiab nws tsis yooj yim rau yug nws hauv tsev, thiab qhov no tsis yog qhov ua tau zoo, vim nws tuaj yeem kis thoob plaws hauv tsev. Qav muaj peev xwm khiav tawm ntawm terrarium thiab tsuas yog tuag hauv chav tsev los ntawm lub cev qhuav dej, thiab yog li ntawdkoj yuav tsum kaw. Nco ntsoov tias spadefoot yog cov tsiaj nocturnal, yog li nws tsis tsim nyog cia siab tias koj yuav tuaj yeem saib nws thaum nruab hnub. Qhov no tsis yog tus tsiaj uas yuav lom zem rau koj, tab sis, koj yuav xav tau kev saib xyuas thiab saib xyuas kom raug.
Zoo tshaj, feem ntau cov qav yuav siv faus rau hauv cov xuab zeb lossis substrate, thiab tawm los tsuas yog rau zaub mov xwb. Txhawm rau tswj cov av noo ib txwm, terrarium yuav tsum tau txau nrog dej. Thiab rau qhov chaw nyob amphibian, koj tuaj yeem muab cov ntoo tawv ntoo rau hauv.
A tsis tshua pom
Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias thaj chaw ntawm spadefoot yog dav heev. Nws nyob hauv Central thiab Eastern Europe, Western Asia. Thiab tseem, amphibian yog ib hom tsis tshua muaj. Piv txwv li, nws tau teev nyob rau hauv Phau Ntawv Liab ntawm Estonia, nrog rau Phau Ntawv Liab ntawm Moscow, Oryol thiab Lipetsk cheeb tsam. Tam sim no, tsis muaj kev hem thawj ntawm nws qhov kev ploj tuag. Es tsis txhob, nws yog nyob rau hauv kev tiv thaiv raws li ib tug tsawg-kawm amphibian. Xws li ib tug txawv txawv tsiaj yog lub hom spadefoot. Phau Ntawv Liab ntawm Moscow Cheeb Tsam nyob rau hauv lub thib ob tsab twb suav nrog Qav nyob rau hauv nws cov npe vim lub fact tias, piv rau lub xyoo pua xeem, muaj tsawg dua qhov chaw nyob, thiab tus naj npawb ntawm cov tib neeg kuj raug kev txom nyem. Nws ntseeg tau tias qhov no yog vim lub sijhawm ntev ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm nws cov xeeb ntxwv, nrog rau cov pa phem ib puag ncig, uas tseem cuam tshuam rau spadefoot.
Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias hauv Phau Ntawv Liab nws yog thaj tsam Moscowntau cov tsiaj reptiles thiab amphibians tau qhia, qhov no tau piav qhia los ntawm qhov tseeb tias nws yog cov tsiaj no uas raug kev txom nyem ntau tshaj plaws los ntawm cov neeg anthropogenic cuam tshuam vim lawv cov yam ntxwv. Amphibians txuas nrog lawv qhov chaw nyob, tsis zoo li lwm yam tsiaj, lawv tsis tuaj yeem tsiv mus nyob ntev, tsis tas li ntawd, lawv txuas ncaj qha rau lawv lub reservoir. Tam sim no, kev poob qis ntawm cov tsiaj amphibious tau pom thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Yog vim li cas qhov no tshwm sim tsis paub, tsis tau piav qhia txog qhov tshwm sim.
