Tsob ntoo cork: tsob nroj ntiaj teb tshwj xeeb

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:53

Ntoo yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev uas tau paub rau noob neej txij thaum ub. Qhov ntim ntawm nws cov khoom noj yog loj hlob txhua xyoo, thiab yog li ntawd ntau hom yog nyob rau verge ntawm extinction.

Tom qab kuj suav nrog tsob ntoo cork, uas tib neeg siv tau ntau txhiab xyoo.

Nws belongs rau genus ntawm oaks. Qhov txawv ntawm cov txheeb ze yog tias los ntawm txog tsib xyoos, nws cov ceg thiab lub cev yog them nrog tuab tawv tawv nrog cov khoom tshwj xeeb. Tab sis koj tuaj yeem tshem nws tsuas yog thaum muaj hnub nyoog 20 xyoo. Nco ntsoov tias koj tuaj yeem ua qhov no mus txog hnub nyoog (ntoo, tau kawg) ntawm 200 xyoo!

Tom qab thawj qhov sau, tsawg kawg yog 8-9 xyoo, thaum lub sijhawm cov tawv ntoo rov qab los. Ib tsob ntoo muaj hnub nyoog 170-200 xyoo tsim tau kwv yees li 200 kg ntawm cov khoom zoo.

Qhov peculiarity ntawm no ntoo qhib kuj yog hais tias nws belongs rau cov evergreen hom. Cov nplooj zoo li cov ntoo ntawm Lavxias teb sab oaks, tab sis tau them nrog ib txheej tseem ceeb ntawm hauv qab. Cov ntoo cork nws tus kheej yog qhov loj heev: qhov siab tuaj yeem ncav cuag 20 meters, thiab txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub cev yog ib 'meter'.

Latin lub npe - Quercus suber. Nws loj hlob ntawm qhov siab tsis siab tshaj 500 meters saum toj no hiav txwv theem. Ntauntawm tag nrho cov oaks ntawm cov tsiaj no muaj nyob rau hauv Portugal, uas yog vim li cas lub teb chaws lub peev nyiaj tau txais nyiaj ntsuab txhaj tshuaj los ntawm export ntawm cork, uas txhua xyoo nce nws tus nqi.

Tus txiv neej tau paub txij li thaum ub hais tias tsob ntoo cork muab cov khoom siv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, thiab yog li ntawd nws tau ntev tau cog qoob loo. Nco ntsoov tias muaj ib tus neeg sawv cev cuav ntawm cov genus no, Q. crenata, uas yog dav heev nyob rau sab qab teb Europe. Nws cov cork txheej yog me me uas tsob ntoo yog bred tshwj xeeb rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj.

Tsuas yog hauv Portugal, ntau dua 2 lab hectares tau nyob los ntawm Quercus suber oak cog! Tsis tas li ntawd, kwv yees li ntawm tib thaj chaw tau siv rau qhov no hauv tag nrho cov teb chaws Europe yav qab teb.

Rau ib xyoos, txhua qhov cog qoob loo tsim tau ntau dua 350 txhiab tons ntawm cov tawv ntoo, tab sis cov nyiaj no tau ntev ntev tsis txaus raws li qhov xav tau. Vim li ntawd, tsob ntoo cork qus thiaj yuav luag puas tag.

Los ntawm txoj kev, dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm cork ua khoom siv? Qhov tseeb yog hais tias nws yog ib tug natural polymer, cov qauv uas zoo li ib tug honeycomb nyob rau hauv ib tug muv Hive.

Txhua qhov cubic centimeter ntawm cov khoom no tuaj yeem muaj txog li 40 lab ntawm cov honeycombs, uas tau sib cais los ntawm cov cellulose tivthaiv partitions.

Yuav muab tso yooj yim, txhua lub capsule tau ntim nrog cua, yog li txawm tias ib qho me me ntawm cork yog elastic heev. Cov cuab yeej no muab cov khoom ua kom tsis muaj dej tsis zoo thiab muaj peev xwm rov qab los ntawm nws lub xeev qub txawm tias tom qab muaj zog.

Yog vim li cas tsob ntoo cork (nws daim duab yog nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm) tau txais kev txaus siab los ntawm cov neeg tsim rooj tog.

Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tawv ntoo muaj suberin (kev sib xyaw ntawm fatty acids, waxes thiab cawv). Nws yog tshwj xeeb nyob rau hauv uas nws muab cov ntoo refractory thiab anti-rotten zoo. Muaj cov xwm txheej thaum, thaum muaj hluav taws kub hav zoov, cork oaks tseem nyob ruaj khov, tsuas yog cov tawv tawv thiab nplooj qhuav los ntawm tshav kub.

Yog li ntawd, cork ntoo bark yog ib yam khoom tshwj xeeb muab rau tib neeg los ntawm xwm.