"Arisaka" - rab phom ua Japanese

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"Arisaka" - rab phom ua Japanese
"Arisaka" - rab phom ua Japanese

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Yog tias koj tsawg kawg yog xav paub me ntsis txog keeb kwm ntawm cov tub rog Lavxias, ces koj tuaj yeem nco ntsoov tsawg kawg yog ob peb yam piv txwv ntawm riam phom txawv teb chaws. Lub tshuab rab phom "Maxim" los rau hauv siab ua ntej, ib tug neeg yuav nco ntsoov "Lewis", qhov no kuj suav nrog cov lus Askiv tso tsheb hlau luam "Vickers". Tab sis Arisaka, rab phom Japanese ua, tsis paub txhua leej txhua tus. Txawm li cas los xij, cov riam phom no tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim lub xeev Lavxias niaj hnub no.

Nws pib ua li cas

arisaka phom
arisaka phom

Xyoo 1914, Cov Tub Rog Imperial tau pom sai sai tias nws… tsuas yog tsis muaj lub plhaub txaus, cov phom loj, cov cartridges thiab… phom ntev. Kev lag luam nyob rau hauv cov xyoo ntawd yeej tsis muaj peev xwm tsim kom muaj qhov tsim nyog ntawm tus kheej caj npab me. Cov tub rog kuj tau ua lawv txoj haujlwm: keeb kwm qhia meej tias lub sijhawm loj, tab sis thaum kawg cov tub rog tsis tau kawm tiav lawm.

Tseem paub tias yog ib tug neeg Lavxiascov thawj coj, mus ncig ntawm cov tub rog uas tau tso tseg (lawv ntshai ntawm German kev tawm tsam) pom … ob peb puas txhiab phom tso tseg thiab kaum lab ntawm cov mos txwv. Thiab qhov no txawm hais tias qhov kawg ntawm xyoo 1914 riam phom tau dhau los ua qhov tsis txaus, cov chaw tsim khoom tsuas tuaj yeem tiv tsis tau cov khoom tsim tawm.

Kev lag luam twist thiab tig

Hauv ib lo lus, yeej tsis muaj riam phom txaus. Thiab tom qab ntawd tsoomfwv Tsarist txiav txim siab tig mus rau nws nag hmo tus yeeb ncuab, Nyiv. Cov phom Japanese Arisaka tau ua pov thawj ua tau zoo heev thaum lub sijhawm ua tsov rog ntawd. Txawm tias lub ci ntsa iab Fedorov thawj zaug tsim nws thawj lub tshuab rab phom nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no nyob rau hauv nws patron. Tsis tas li ntawd, oddly txaus, nws yog cov neeg Nyij Pooj uas tau dhau los ua "siab dav", tsis ua txhaum tus nqi ntau rau riam phom.

arisaka phom
arisaka phom

Txawm li cas los xij, cov neeg Nyij Pooj yuav tsum tsis txhob suav tias yog cov neeg tsis ncaj ncees: qhov tseeb yog qhov pib ntau dua 35,000 rab phom tau npaj rau cov tub rog Mev, tab sis tsoomfwv Meskas tau maj mam hinted tias "Mexican Order" yuav tsum tsis txhob ua tiav. Yog li ntawd, thaj av ntawm Rising Sun txiav txim siab kom tau tsawg kawg ib co txiaj ntsim. Ib rab phom Arisaka, muag nyob rau hauv thawj daim ntawv cog lus rau Russia, pib nqi … 29 rubles. Thiab qhov no txawm hais tias cov chaw tsim khoom hauv tsev tau muab "peb-kab" ntawm tus nqi ntawm 41 rubles ib chav tsev. Yog li lub tswv yim zoo li ntxias thaum xub thawj.

Thawj teeb meem kev yuav khoom

Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, yuav luag plaub lab phom tau yuav thaum lub sijhawm ua lag luam nrog Nyiv. Tsuas yog thawj 35,000 units tau xa tuaj raws sijhawm. pib sai sai noteeb meem: Mikado tsis kam txi lub peev xwm ntawm nws tus kheej cov tub rog. Nrog kev nyuaj heev, nws muaj peev xwm pom zoo rau cov khoom siv tsuas yog 200 txhiab units, thiab cov xwm txheej tau thuam.

Cov neeg Nyij Pooj tsuas siv 100 pob mos txwv rau txhua rab phom. Tom qab ntau daim ntawv thov, nws tuaj yeem nce tus lej no … mus txog 125 tus nqi. Ib qho khoom tsis txaus ntseeg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txij li tag nrho cov cartridges qub, nrog rau lub sijhawm lav tag rau kev cia. Lawv tau raug coj los ntawm cov chaw khaws khoom lag luam nyob hauv Kaus Lim thaum lub sijhawm ntawd.

Nyob yav tom ntej, feem ntau muaj kev xa khoom ntawm cov khoom siv ncaj ncees, cov khoom qub ntawm "lub meej mom tsis zoo", raws li lawv tau ua hauv cov tub rog. Tab sis lawv kuj yog ib qho kev pab zoo tiv thaiv keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev nce zuj zus hauv kev tsim khoom los ntawm kev lag luam hauv tsev. Raws li cov peev txheej ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd, rab phom Arisaka, uas tau piav qhia hauv tsab xov xwm, tau ua haujlwm nrog txhua feem kaum. Tsis yog xav tsis thoob tias pab tub rog lawv tus kheej tso dag hu ua "Japanese".

Suav los yog phom

arisaka phom bayonet
arisaka phom bayonet

Tsis ntev, "kev sib hais plaub ntug" tau tawm ib ncig ntawm cov khoom siv: Nyiv lub sijhawm ntawd tau muab "21 qhov kev thov" nto moo rau Tuam Tshoj, xyaum muab lub teb chaws ua tiav kev tso siab thiab lees paub ntawm tsoomfwv txoj haujlwm Nyij Pooj. Thaum xub thawj, Lavxias teb sab diplomats tau tawm tsam xws li khav theeb xav tau … tab sis German kev tawm tsam uas tau pib hauv Galicia tau hais rau nws tus kheej. Nrog rau kev pom zoo los ntawm tsoomfwv Tsarist, Tuam Tshoj raug yuam kom kos npe rau kev cog lus ua qhev.

Thiab tom qab ntawd Nyiv Pooj tau tuav peb lub tebchaws. Kev tshoov siab los ntawm kev tsis txaus siab ntawm tsar, cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Nyij Pooj tau pib tso tawm "kev xav tsis txaus siab xav tau", qhia, tshwj xeeb, hauv "thov" … kom tso tag nrho Far East hauv kev pauv rau ib lab phom tsis muaj hmoo. Rau qhov credit ntawm domestic diplomats, uas tsis tuaj yeem sawv ntsug li impudence, lawv tsis txawm pib sib tham txog qhov no. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kev thuam tiag tiag tau npaj rau tus neeg Nyij Pooj, tom qab ntawd tus neeg ua lag luam tsis tau tso rau tom ntej xws li "cov phiaj xwm".

Ntxiv mus, Nyiv tau pom zoo rau qhov kev thov kom muag lwm lab riam phom. Muaj tseeb, los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd txhua rab phom Arisaka twb raug nqi 32-35 rubles. Tab sis nws tseem pheej yig dua li cov qauv hauv tsev. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg Nyij Pooj tau pib muab cov cartridges niaj hnub zoo li qub.

Ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntseeg, tus Japanese "qauv 30" bayonet rau Arisaka phom yog, qhov tseeb, ib rab riam luv me ntsis. Txij li thaum "Mosinok" ib txwm nyob hauv tsev muaj koob bayonets, cov tub rog uas muaj riam phom "ntseeg" tuaj yeem pom tau yooj yim hauv txhua daim duab ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd.

Tus neeg txawv tebchaws txawv tebchaws

Txoj hmoo ntawm 60,000 Arisaks, Ameskas muag los ntawm Nyiv mus rau Askiv, kuj xav paub. Lub "Misstress ntawm Seas" los ntawm lub sij hawm ntawd kuj pom nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv ib qho teeb meem nyuaj, txawm lub zog tag nrho ntawm nws metallurgical nroj tsuag. Tab sis txhua "Lus Askiv" Arisaka phom ntev tau nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab arsenals lawm. Qhov tseeb yog tias thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 1915, cov neeg German tau rov ua dua lawv qhov kev tawm tsam, vim tias tsoomfwv Askiv, ntshai heev los ntawm qhov tseeb, txiav txim siab rau "plug Teutonic kev tawg nrog rau Lavxias teb sab avalanche." Rifles mus rau pebteb chaws.

Yog li, thaum Lub Ob Hlis 1917, ntau riam phom thiab ntau daim cartridges rau lawv tau yuav. Tab sis nws yuav tsum to taub tias "Japanese Arisaka phom" tsis yog txhua tus qauv. Xya (!) ntawm nws ntau yam kev hloov kho tau raug xa mus rau peb lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv succession, uas tsim countless teeb meem rau cov twb overwhelmed lwm tus neeg. Interestingly, 150,000 Arisaks kawg tau yuav lus nyob rau ua ntej ntawm lub Kaum Hli Ntuj kiv puag ncig.

Japanese arisaka phom
Japanese arisaka phom

Tab sis tom qab Lenin cov lus hais txog "Kev Thaj Yeeb thiab Thaj Av", keeb kwm ntawm "Japanese poj niam" hauv kev pabcuam tub rog Lavxias tau dhau mus. Nws tuaj yeem hais tias yav tom ntej ob Red thiab White Guard units tau tawm tsam nrog lawv. Thiab cov kev txheeb xyuas ntawm kev siv cov riam phom no txawv heev, tsis hais lawv tuaj ntawm leej twg. Tab sis tseem, feem ntau ntawm nws "cov neeg siv" tau pom zoo tias Arisaka phom (daim duab uas yog nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm) yog ib qho cuab yeej zoo thiab txhim khu kev qha. Nco ntsoov tias cov neeg Nyij Pooj " khaws lub cim" kom txog thaum xyoo 1944, thaum, vim muaj teeb meem kev lag luam loj, qhov zoo ntawm riam phom tsim tau poob qis.

Los ntawm txoj kev, qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm cov phom siv nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua thaum Tsov Rog Tsov Rog? Ntawm no cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv heev. Nws yog lub npe hu hais tias ib co units subordinated ncaj qha mus rau Kolchak twb armed nrog lawv yuav luag tsis muaj kev zam. Tab sis tus naj npawb ntawm "Arisaks" hauv Tub Rog Liab hauv qee lub sijhawm tau mus txog 1/3 ntawm tag nrho cov tub rog me uas lawv siv.

Gunsmiths kuj haishais tias cov neeg paub zoo Latvian cov tub rog feem ntau ua tub rog nrog Arisaks. Yog li lub luag hauj lwm ntawm cov phom no hauv keeb kwm ntawm peb lub teb chaws yog loj heev.

Cov tub rog xav li cas txog Arisaki?

Muaj ntau yam. Thiab nws depended, raws li txoj cai, nyob rau hauv lub technical theem ntawm fighter nws tus kheej, theem ntawm nws txoj kev kawm, hom phom. Yog tias "Japanese Arisaka phom" yog qhov tshiab, ces tsis muaj kev tsis txaus siab hauv nws txoj kev coj. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws paub tias cov carbines qub muaj cov khoom tsis zoo, qhia nyob rau hauv "sau" ntawm lub shutter. Ntxiv dua thiab, qhov no tsis yog qhov txhaum ntawm rab phom lawv tus kheej: feem ntau yuav, cov neeg tua lawv tus kheej yuav raug liam tias tsis ntxuav lawv tus kheej riam phom rau lub hlis.

Kev siv tsis ntev los no

Tom qab Tsov Rog Tsov Rog, Arisaka hom 30 phom loj tau ua haujlwm nrog ntau lub tebchaws. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ntau ntawm cov riam phom no nyob rau hauv tshiab-minted Finland thiab Estonia, qhov twg "Japanese" yuav luag tsis muaj kev zam yog armed nrog ciam teb cov kev pab cuam.

Xyoo 1941, "Arisaki" hauv kev ua tiav ntawm txoj kev npaj ua haujlwm tau qee zaum muab rau cov tub rog thiab cov chav nyob tom qab, tab sis lawv tsis tau siv dav. Nyob rau hauv lub USSR, zus tau tej cov riam phom tau muab tso rau hauv kwj, thiab yog li ntawd nws tsis txaus tsis yog li ntawd acutely xav. Nws yog qhov ua tau tias qhov chaw hauv tsev arsenals tseem muaj cov seem ntawm cov rarities. Nws yog lub npe hu tias qhov kawg batch ntawm mothballed Arisak raug xa mus rau remelting los ntawm Ukrainian Armed Forces rov qab rau hauv 1993.

Cov ntaub ntawv qhia paub dav dav

Japanese bayonet qauv 30 rau arisaka phom
Japanese bayonet qauv 30 rau arisaka phom

Ob leeg hauv Nyij Pooj nws tus kheej thiab hauv peb lub tebchaws, ob hom phom loj no feem ntau:"Hom 30" (thawj ntau yam) thiab "Hom 99". Lawv txawv hauv caliber. Yog hais tias lub qub "peb caug" siv 6.5x50 cartridge ntawm ntau yam kev hloov kho rau kev tua, ces rau "Hom 99" ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib mos txwv ntawm lub hwj chim tau tsim - 7.7x58. Feem ntau, qhov caliber, txawv txawv rau cov neeg Nyij Pooj, tau qiv los ntawm Askiv nrog lawv Lee-Enfield.

Ntxiv mus, hauv peb lub tebchaws, txog thaum kawg ntawm kev siv riam phom no, Arisaka hom 38 phom loj tau ntsib. ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem.

Raws li rau cov yam ntxwv kev, cov phom no yog cov piv txwv zoo heev ntawm riam phom ntawm lawv lub sijhawm, uas muaj qee qhov tshwj xeeb. Lub bore yog xauv los ntawm ib tug zawv zawg rotary bolt. Lub tom kawg muaj ob lub ledges sib ntaus sib tua. Thaum pib, Colonel Arisaka, uas yog tus tsim qauv ntawm cov riam phom no, xav tau tus qauv tsim nrog peb lub log, tab sis qhov tseeb ntawm kev tsim khoom thiab kev xav tau los txo tus nqi ntawm rab phom ua rau qee qhov yooj yim ntawm nws cov qauv.

Lwm yam nta

Muaj lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav-loaded ejector nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm lub shutter qia. Txij li thaum tag nrho cov cartridges siv los ntawm Arisakami muaj rims (zoo li domestic 7, 62x54), ib tug reflector (txiav-tawm) tau txuas rau hauv lub receiver, ntawm nws sab laug.

Lub pob tw, cov khoom rau tus txais thiab cov hauv ob sab hauv ntawm lub thoob yog ua los ntawm cov ntoo. Raws li txoj cai, lawv pib sim siv walnut rau qhov no, tab sis nyob rau hauv 1944-1945, thaum lub economic teeb meem ntawm Nyiv thaum tsov rog tau shaken heev, manufacturers. Kuv yuav tsum tau hloov mus rau cov ntoo uas pheej yig tshaj plaws, thiab qee zaum lub pob tw yog ua los ntawm cov plywood qis.

arisaka type 38 phom
arisaka type 38 phom

Lub qhov rooj kaw yog qhov nthuav: nws loj heev, hauv nws qhov hla nws zoo li lub qe qaib. Qhov kev xaiv ntawm daim ntawv no yog vim lub fact tias nyob rau hauv cov kev ntsuam xyuas nws ua pov thawj tias qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws. Interestingly, lub mainspring nyob rau hauv lub tubular ib feem ntawm lub nruas, vim hais tias nws yog zoo kawg nkaus tiv thaiv los ntawm hmoov av, noo noo thiab av. Qhov no yog vim li cas rau kev ntseeg siab ntawm riam phom, uas cov tub rog hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws tau hais ntau zaus txog.

Dua, vim qhov tshwj xeeb no, lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav tau nkag siab ntau dua rau kev sib kis nrog cov hmoov nplej (tib yam "kab" uas peb tau hais saum toj no). Tab sis tseem, txhawm rau nqa riam phom mus rau hauv lub xeev, nws yuav tsum "sim" yam tsis tau ntxuav kom ntev heev.

Los ntawm txoj kev, Arisaki muaj lub npog tshwj xeeb-casing los tiv thaiv lub qhov rooj los ntawm kev sib kis. Tab sis nws qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb yog qhov me me: lub hau tsis tu ncua, tsim teeb meem ntau thaum nqa (yuav muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev poob nws), thiab yog li ntawd ntau tus tub rog nyiam tshem qhov no thiab muab tso rau hauv lawv lub hnab ua ntej kev sib ntaus sib tua.

tiv thaiv kev txhaj tshuaj tsis raug

Dab tsi ntxiv tus cwj pwm "Arisaka" (phom loj)? "Kwm"-fuse - ib tug heev yam ntxwv feature ntawm no riam phom. Lub mechanism ntawm nws qhov kev txiav txim yog nthuav. Txhawm rau qhib qhov kev nyab xeeb thaum lub qhov rooj kaw, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau nias lub khawm "khawm" nrog corrugated zoo nkauj, nyob rau sab nraub qaum.sab ntawm lub shutter, thiab ces tig nws clockwise. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov kev txiav tawm ntawm lub tes tsho tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tus pin tua, tiv thaiv nws los ntawm kev ntaus cov primer.

Tus neeg tawm tsam tau muab tso rau hauv txoj haujlwm sib ntaus sib tua tau txais, thaum lub qhov rooj kaw. Kev them nyiaj yog nqa tawm nrog lub kaw lus qhib. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav ob qho tib si los ntawm ib daim cartridge thiab los ntawm tsib, siv cov clip tshwj xeeb rau lub hom phiaj no.

Nws kuj tseem nthuav tias riam phom no muaj kev ncua qeeb! Ntawd yog, thaum siv cov mos txwv, lub ntsia liaj qhov rooj tau los ua nws txoj haujlwm rearmost, uas yooj yim heev rau kev thauj cov phom ntev.

Bayonet sib ntaus

Raws li peb tau hais lawm, lub bayonet rau Arisaka phom yog tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug yuav luag tag nrho-fledged dagger. Muaj cov xwm txheej zoo li no tau siv los ntawm peb cov tub rog thoob plaws hauv Kev Tsov Rog Loj Loj. Kev xaiv ntawm cov neeg Nyij Pooj tsis yog qhov yuam kev: lub tswv yim ntawm rab koob bayonets thiab baguettes, uas coj cov neeg tsim riam phom hauv tsev, twb dhau los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd.

Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau cov tub rog kom muaj rab riam puv nrog lawv, uas tuaj yeem siv tsis yog hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua nkaus xwb, tab sis hauv kev npaj txhua hnub ntawm lub yeej. Vim lub fact tias lub bayonet rau Arisaka phom yog ua los ntawm high quality hlau, nws yog heev nrov nrog cov tub rog nyob rau hauv ob sab ntawm pem hauv ntej. Tshwj xeeb, ntau tus qub tub rog Asmeskas muaj nyob rau hauv lawv "repositories" ib rab riam los ntawm "Arisaki", uas yog yooj yim dua thiab zoo dua li American qauv.

Thiab cov tub rog Nyij Pooj tau nrog dab tsi niaj hnub no? Lub riam phom yog ib rab phom me me ntawm tus kheejArisaka phom. Nws, zoo li nws cov neeg ua ntej ntau, yog qhov txawv ntawm kev ntseeg siab thiab cov kev daws teeb meem qub siv hauv kev tsim.

arisaka phom khawm fuse
arisaka phom khawm fuse

Nws tau tshwm sim tias riam phom ua hauv cov chaw tsim khoom thiab cov nroj tsuag ntawm Nyij Pooj, uas lub tebchaws Lavxias tau tawm tsam tsis ntev ua ntej, tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua tub rog tawm tsam Kaiser lub tebchaws Yelemes, thiab tom qab ntawd tsim lub zog Soviet.

Pom zoo: