Nyob hauv peb lub sijhawm, txhua tus paub txog kev tiv thaiv tus kheej. Txawm li cas los xij, tib neeg tsawg kawg ib ntus los saib cov yeeb yaj kiab, xov xwm thiab lwm yam kev pab cuam uas tsis tu ncua qhia cov txiv neej muaj zog uas muaj kev ntseeg siab tiv thaiv los ntawm mos txwv, shrapnel thiab riam tawm tsam. Tau kawg, qhov no suav nrog tsis yog tsuas yog cov tsho tiv thaiv mos txwv xwb, tab sis kuj muaj ntau lwm yam khoom uas qee cov neeg nyeem yuav xav paub txog.
tiv thaiv ko taw thiab txhais tes
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev los muab kev tiv thaiv kev ruaj ntseg rau cov ceg tawv hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob hauv nroog, thaum muaj ntau cov cib tawg, cov khoom ntse rusty thiab lwm yam kev phom sij). Tau kawg, cov khoom siv armored feem ntau tsis siv - feem ntau yog siv cov hlau zoo tib yam lossis cov yas muaj zog siab.
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, khau kev nyab xeeb muaj nyob hauv cov khoom siv. Ua tsis tiav kev tsoo lub cib, nws yog qhov ua tau kom tawg koj cov ntiv taw, thiab ua rau cov ntsia hlau protruding nrog kev khiav, tho koj ko taw thiab ua tsis tiav rau lub sijhawm ntev. Yog licov tub rog siv berets - khau khiab txhim khu kev qha uas txhim kho cov ceg qis, uas txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau pob qij txha. Cov tawv nqaij muaj zog ntawm cov khoom zoo yog feem ntau yuav khoov lossis tawg tus ntsia hlau dua li kev tho. Qee cov khau looj plab hlaub tau nruab nrog cov hlau ntxig rau ntawm tus ntiv taw - qhov no tso cai rau koj los rhuav tshem cov cib yam tsis muaj teeb meem rau koj tus kheej, thiab tib lub sijhawm tuaj yeem pab tau rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua. Qhov tsuas yog qhov tsis zoo yog qhov hnyav ntawm cov khau looj plab - kev siv rau lawv tsis yog ib qho yooj yim.
Kuj tseem siv tau tshwj xeeb hauv lub hauv caug ncoo, lub luj tshib, thiab qee zaum tshwj xeeb armor shields uas tiv thaiv cov ceg. Lub hauv caug ncoo, zoo li lub luj tshib, tso cai rau koj poob rau txhua qhov chaw yam tsis muaj kev ntshai rau kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov pob qij txha. Cia li xav txog: ntog nrog lub viav vias nrog koj lub hauv caug liab qab ntawm ib pawg ntawm cov pob zeb tawg. Qhov no yuav ua rau, yog tias tsis mus rau pob txha, ces tsawg kawg mus rau qhov mob hnyav.
Shieldproof
Kuj hauv ntau zaj yeeb yaj kiab thiab kev ua si hauv computer koj tuaj yeem pom daim thaiv hlau. Tau kawg, cov neeg sib tw zoo tib yam tsis hnav nws - nws loj heev thiab tsis yooj yim thaum tsiv. Tab sis rau cov tub rog ua phem rau huab cua, uas yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj kev ntseeg siab thaum hla qhov chaw qhib lossis txav mus raws txoj kev ntev, nws tuaj yeem cawm txoj sia.
Tsawg tus neeg paub, tab sis thawj cov ntaub thaiv npog tau tshwm sim thaum kawg ntawm xyoo pua 19th. Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntaub ntawv muaj zog tsis txaus ua rau qhov tseeb tias lawv tsis tau siv dav. Niaj hnub no, txhua yam tau hloov pauv - cov alloys tshwj xeeb tso cai rau koj kom nres yuav luag txhua lub mos txwv raug rho tawm haujlwm txawm tias nyob deb. Muaj ob daim thaiv me me (tus kheej), tiv thaiv lub taub hau thiab lub hauv siab ntawm tus neeg tua rog, thiab loj (paub pawg), ua tsaug uas koj tuaj yeem tiv thaiv lub cev ntawm lub taub hau mus rau hauv caug. Feem ntau cov thawj fighter nyob rau hauv cov pab pawg neeg, nqa ib tug hlau thaiv, tsuas yog siv rab yaj phom. Tab sis tus so, nyob rau hauv daim ntaub thaiv npog no, yuav ua haujlwm zoo nrog rab phom thiab rab phom tshuab.
pov thawj kaus mom
Tab sis tus cwj pwm no yog qhov qub tshaj plaws siv niaj hnub no. Tseeb tiag, txij li lub sijhawm ntawm riam phom edged, kaus mom hlau tau siv, uas tau hloov mus rau hauv cov kaus mom hlau, thiab tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev siv.
Hauv daim ntawv ntau dua lossis tsawg dua, qhov no txhais tau tias ntawm kev tiv thaiv tus kheej cov cuab yeej tau tshwm sim ua ntej Tsov Rog Tsov Rog Loj. Yog vim li cas rau qhov no yog ib tug tiag tiag breakthrough nyob rau hauv metallurgy teb. Cov alloys tshiab tau tshwm sim uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tsim tau nyias thiab tib lub sijhawm cov tub rog cov kaus mom hlau ruaj khov uas tuaj yeem tiv taus txawm tias kev txhaj tshuaj los ntawm rab phom thiab rab phom tshuab los ntawm qhov luv luv.
Hnub no lawv yog tsim los ntawm cov hlau, tab sis kuj yog los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv aramid. Lawv khav tsis tau tsuas yog qhov hnyav dua, tab sis kuj txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev raug mob thaum ntaus rau ntawm lub kaus mom hlau. Feem ntau lub kaus mom hlau tshiab tiv thaiv tsis tau tsuas yog saum lub taub hau xwb, tab sis kuj lub ntsej muag - qhov no, lub iav muaj zog yog siv los muab kev pom zoo.
Lub cev armor yog dab tsi?
Nyob hauv peb lub sijhawm, ntau yam khoom siv los ua cov tsho tiv thaiv mos txwv. Nws tuaj yeem yog hlau alloy, tshwj xeeb ceramicdaim hlau los yog cov ntaub muaj zog - lub npe nrov Kevlar. Kuj tseem muaj cov kev xaiv sib xyaw thiab ua ke.
Koj tsis tuaj yeem hais tias ib tus zoo dua lwm tus. Cov tsis zoo tsuas yog txheeb tawm thiab xa mus rau qhov chaw pov tseg ntawm keeb kwm. Qhov tseeb yog tias kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg siab koj yuav tsum tau them nrog kev txav mus los. Piv txwv li, ib tug neeg tua rog, hnav lub cev armor 6B45, tau txais kev tiv thaiv kev ruaj ntseg ntau dua li thaum siv lub cev armor ntawm qib 1 tiv thaiv. Txawm li cas los xij, koj yuav tsum them rau qhov no - koj tuaj yeem khiav nrog cov cuab yeej no, tab sis koj qhov kev nrawm nrawm tau txo qis.
Tab sis yog tias koj hnav ib lub tsho sapper, ces lub tsho tiv thaiv mos txwv no yuav ploj mus ntawm nws xub ntiag. Twb tau qhov no colossus ntseeg tau tiv thaiv cov ceg, lub cev thiab lub taub hau. Qhov ntawd tsuas yog ua tsis tau xwb tsis yog khiav xwb, tab sis kuj mus ceev ceev xwb. Tau kawg, nws yuav tsis tshwm sim rau leej twg siv xws li colossus hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua. Txawm hais tias nws tiv thaiv cov tawg tawg thiab cov mos txwv feem ntau, tab sis vim yog qhov qeeb qeeb, sai lossis tom qab ib qho ntawm kaum lossis ntau pua lub mos txwv yuav pom qhov chaw tsis muaj zog.
Tseem tsim nyog tham txog cov khoom sib txawv uas tau siv niaj hnub no rau kev tsim cov khoom tiv thaiv tus kheej, nthuav dav ntxiv.
Npaj
Txhua tus neeg nyiam ua tub rog yuav tsum tau hnov txog aramid fiber ntau. Nws tseem hu ua Kevlar (tsis yog raws nraim - hais txog tib yam li hu rau txhua lub tshuab luam ntawv theej).
Qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm cov cuab yeej lub cev yog qhov hnyav. Nws yog me me. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tiv thaiv Kevlar, txawm tias muaj 5-7 txheej, tseem tseem mos heev - nws tuaj yeem ua taunkaum hauv qab lub tsho. Nws tsis txwv kev txav txhua. Nws tseem yuav luag tsis tuaj yeem txiav los ntawm nws - rab riam tsuas yog rub tawm cov cuab yeej thaum txiav tshuab.
Nws yuav zoo li tias qhov kev tiv thaiv zoo kawg nkaus tau pom! Alas, qhov no tsis muaj tseeb kiag li. Tom qab tag nrho, aramid fiber muaj nws qhov tsis zoo.
Qhov tseem ceeb yog qhov tsis ruaj khov rau cov dej noo. Yog, yog, yog tias lub tsho tiv no raug los nag lossis tsuas yog siv rau hauv cov av noo siab, nws lub zog yuav luag ib nrab! Yog, nws yuav rov zoo thaum nws qhuav. Tab sis mus txog rau lub sijhawm ntawd, tus neeg tua hluav taws ua rau nws txoj kev noj qab haus huv thiab txoj sia.
Ntxiv rau, Kevlar, uas yuav luag tsis tuaj yeem txiav los ntawm, yog pierced kuj yooj yim. Qhov twg riam zoo tib yam tsis tuaj yeem tiv taus, ib qho zoo tib yam awl yuav chob cov cuab yeej yooj yim.
Thaum kawg, yog kev ua siab mos siab muag uas ua rau tus tswv tuag. Los ntawm ib lub mos txwv raug rho tawm los ntawm rab phom, rab phom tshuab lossis txawm tias rab phom tua tsiaj zoo tib yam, cov cuab yeej yuav tsis muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv. Lub tsho khuam nws tus kheej yuav tsis puas. Tab sis lub tshuab lub cev yuav muaj zog heev uas yuav ua rau cov pob txha tawg, ua rau lub cev puas tsuaj.
Yog li ntawd, tag nrho lwm hom Kevlar lub cev armor tsis tau hloov.
Ceramic daim hlau tau suav tias yog kev daws teeb meem zoo rau qee lub sijhawm. Nyob rau hauv lub USSR, lub tsho tiv thaiv mos txwv nrog lawv tau tsim rov qab rau xyoo 1980s. Ib ntus, nws txawm tau npaj los tsim cov tso tsheb hlau luam nrog cov khoom siv phom sij, txhua tus tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo nrog cov txiaj ntsig kev xeem.
Relatively light, lub cev armor zoo kawg nkaus tua lub tshuab, tiv thaiv ib tug neeg los ntawm lub plhaub poob siab, uas hlau counterparts yuav khav ntawm. Qhov ntawd tsuas yog rho tawm tau pomceev heev. Tom qab thawj zaug ntaus, daim hlau puas lawm - qhov no ua kom lub zog nqus ntawm cov mos txwv thiab txhim khu kev qha tiv thaiv lub cev armor wearer. Thawj zaug, qhov ntawd txaus. Tab sis thaum nws tsoo tib lub phaj dua, nws yooj yim rumbled, ua rau tus fighter yuav luag defenseless.
Yog li qhov kev txhim kho no tau txais txiaj ntsig, tab sis pov tseg. Los ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua hnyav, tub rog tub rog huab cua phem yuav tsum tau hloov pauv tag nrho, thiab txawm tias cov khaub ncaws nws tus kheej, uas yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg.
Metal
Thaum kawg, feem ntau thiab lub sijhawm kuaj lub cev yog hlau. Ob daim hlau titanium thiab ntau lwm tus yog siv los ua kev tiv thaiv tseem ceeb - niaj hnub no muaj ntau cov alloys uas muaj zog heev.
Hmoov tsis zoo, feem ntau, qhov hnyav ntawm lub cev armor, muab kev tiv thaiv qib siab, yog qhov loj heev. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua tau txo qis.
Ntxiv rau, muaj lus nug txog qhov loj ntawm lub phaj. Yog tias nws me dhau lawm, nws yuav tsis tuaj yeem faib lub zog ntawm cov mos txwv thoob plaws hauv lub cev thaum nws tsoo. Thiab cov hlau tsuas tsis tuaj yeem tua lub impulse. Yog tias lub phaj loj, ces qhov kev faib tawm yuav ua haujlwm ntau dua. Tab sis kev txav mus los thiab yog li ntawd, kev txav ntawm cov tub rog tau txo qis.
Yog li ntawd, kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev tiv thaiv tus kheej muaj peev xwm siv tau ntau niaj hnub no. Hauv lawv qhov chaw tsim khoom, ob qho tib si Kevlar thiab hlau lossisceramic inserts. Piv txwv li, steel bibs nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog supplemented nrog ib tug aramid puag. Cov hlau ruaj khov tiv thaiv cov mos txwv thiab tho lub tshuab, thiab Kevlar softens lub tshuab, tso cai rau koj kom tsis txhob muaj lub plhaub poob siab.
Tau kawg, lawv nyuaj dua thiab kim los tsim, thiab feem ntau lawv hnyav dua li cov cuab yeej siv lub cev. Ntawm qhov tod tes, lawv muab kev tiv thaiv qib siab, thiab hais txog huab hwm coj lawv tseem sib zog dua li sapper suit.
Pros and cons of body armor
Ib tug yuav xav tsis thoob los ntawm cov lus nug no. Tom qab tag nrho, nws yog qhov tseeb tias cov tsho tiv thaiv mos txwv tsis tu ncua cawm txoj sia ntawm tub ceev xwm thiab tub rog. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog txhua yam yooj yim heev.
Nrog rau qhov ntxiv, txhua yam yog qhov tseeb - cov cuab yeej txhim khu kev qha yuav tiv thaiv riam, shrapnel, mos txwv lossis lub tshuab tsis tu ncua nrog lub pob tw hauv plab. Tsis tas yuav tsum muaj dab tsi ntxiv.
Nrog ib qho kev rho tawm, txhua yam tseem pom tseeb - txo qis hauv kev txav mus los nrog ntau dua lossis tsawg dua kev txhim kho lub cev armor.
Tab sis muaj lwm qhov teeb meem, tsis pom tseeb. Nws yog ib qho teeb meem ntawm concussion. Qee zaum, cov mos txwv mus ncig tangentially tuaj yeem ua rau qhov mob me me - khawb ntawm daim tawv nqaij lossis txawm tias tawg tawm ntawm cov leeg, tab sis qhov mob no yooj yim kho txawm tias nyob hauv thaj teb. Thiab nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tug mos mos lub tsho tiv no, daim hlau uas siv lub tshuab, lub mos txwv muab ib tug txaus ntshai tshuab rau lub cev, ntaus tawm lub siab, kua muag rau lub raum. Vim li ntawd, txawm mus pw hauv tsev kho mob xwm txheej ceev los yeej tsis cawm.
Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau cov xwm txheej no yog tus kheej thiab tsis tuaj yeem sib tw nrog cov xwm txheej uas lub cev armor cawm tau txoj sia.
Lub cev armor chav kawm
podegree ntawm kev tiv thaiv txhua lub tsho tiv thaiv mos txwv tau muab faib ua cov chav kawm. Lawv feem ntau sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv hauv kev tsim khoom. Nws yog qhov tseeb tias qhov qis dua cov chav tiv thaiv, qhov armor tsawg fetters lub cev.
Thawj chav kawm muab kev tiv thaiv cov phom phom tsis muaj zog (5-6 hli), nrog rau qee yam riam phom edged. Nws feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm ob peb txheej ntawm aramid fiber ntau.
Chav kawm thib ob twb muaj 7-10 txheej ntaub, nres cov mos txwv ntawm PM thiab rab phom, nrog rau kev tua ntawm rab phom tua tsiaj. Zoo li thawj tus, nws yooj yim muab zais hauv qab lub tsho lossis lub tsho.
Cov chav kawm thib peb ua ke 20-25 txheej ntawm Kevlar thiab cov cuab yeej tawv tawv. Nws tsis tuaj yeem nkaum lub tsho tiv no hauv qab khaub ncaws, tab sis nws txwv tsis pub cov mos txwv ntawm rab yaj phom thiab txawm los ntawm riam phom smoothbore.
chav kawm plaub zoo ib yam li peb, tsuas yog muaj cov ntxig ntxiv, thiab lawv cov tuab yog nce. Muaj peev xwm nres 5.45 thiab 7.62mm cov mos txwv tsis nruj.
qib tsib yog ua los ntawm cov khoom ntxig. Kev ntseeg siab tiv thaiv yuav luag txhua cov mos txwv uas tsis yog armor-piercing, txawm tias raug rho tawm haujlwm luv luv. Qhov no suav nrog lub cev armor 6B45.
Qib thib rau yog qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws thiab ntseeg tau tshaj plaws. Tso tseg cov mos txwv uas tsis yog armour-piercing raug rho tawm los ntawm sniper phom loj thiab rab phom tshuab (xav tias lawv tsis yog point-blank, tau kawg).
Lub tsho khuam hnyav yog dab tsi?
Nws tsis tuaj yeem hais meej meej tias lub cev armor hnyav npaum li cas. Tom qab tag nrho, muaj ntau ntawm lawv, thiab cov huab hwm coj, raws li tau hais los saum toj no, yog txawv heev. Tsuas yog cov ntaub ntawv kwv yees tuaj yeem muab tau - nyob ntawm chav tiv thaiv:
- 1 chav kawm - 1.5-2.5 kg.
- chav kawm thib ob - 3-5 kg.
- chav kawm thib peb - 6-9 kg.
- qib plaub - 8-10 kg.
- qib tsib - 11-20 kg.
- qib 6 - tshaj 15 kg.
Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov hnyav yog qhov loj heev, raws li qib kev tiv thaiv.
Zoo kawg
Qhov no xaus peb tsab xov xwm. Tam sim no koj paub ntau npaum li cas lub cev armor hnyav, cov khoom siv dab tsi yog siv rau hauv nws qhov chaw tsim khoom, thiab kuj tau kawm qee yam txog lwm yam kev tiv thaiv rau cov tub rog niaj hnub no. Peb vam tias qhov no yuav nthuav dav koj lub qab ntug.
