Balakovskaya NPP: kev piav qhia dav dav. xwm txheej

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:49

Li ob peb mais ntawm lub nroog Balakovo (cheeb tsam Saratov), Balakovo nuclear fais fab nroj tsuag ua haujlwm. Qhov kev lag luam no yog qhov loj tshaj plaws hauv peb lub teb chaws. Kev tsim hluav taws xob txhua xyoo yog ntau tshaj 30 billion kWh. Thiab qhov no yog ib feem peb ntawm tag nrho cov nyiaj uas tsim nyob rau hauv lub Volga Territory. Hauv ntiaj teb qeb duas ntawm nuclear fais fab nroj tsuag, nws nyob 51 txoj haujlwm.

yam ntxwv ntawm lub zog ua haujlwm

Thawj lub zog ntawm Balakovo NPP tau tsim tawm hauv xyoo 1985, qhov kawg hauv xyoo 1993. Los ntawm txoj kev, chav tsev 4 yog thawj zaug tau tsim tawm ntawm thaj chaw qub USSR tom qab nws tawg. Niaj hnub no, nuclear fais fab nroj tsuag belongs rau Rosenergoatom Kev txhawj xeeb JSC. Lub tuam txhab ntiav 3,770 tus neeg.

Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog lub zog

Txhua lub zog ntawm VVER-1000 hom kev lag luam, nrog rau ob lub voj voog thermal, yog cov qauv sib cais thiab muaj cov chav hauv qab no:

• chav cav;
• reactor department;
• deaerator txee;
• chav rau khoom siv hluav taws xob.

Txhua yam khoom siv cuam tshuam nrog lub hauv paus Circuit Court yog nyob ua ke nrog lub reactor nyob rau hauv lub pob zeb muaj zog, uas yog hermetically kaw thiab sheathed nrog hlau, uas yog, nws yog nyob rau hauvkev tuav pov hwm. Lub peev xwm ntawm txhua chav tsev yog 950 MW.

Raws li qhov project, Balakovo NPP yuav tsum muaj 6 lub zog, tab sis kev tsim kho ob tau raug tshem tawm xyoo 1992.

Cov chav ua haujlwm tau teem sijhawm kaw rau xyoo 2023, 2033, 2034 thiab 2045.

Qhov chaw

Lub tshuab hluav taws xob nuclear nyob ntawm 8 mais ntawm lub nroog Balakovo thiab 150 km ntawm Saratov. Qhov ze tshaj plaws rau qhov chaw nres tsheb yog lub zos Natalino, tsuas yog 3 mais mus rau sab qab teb-sab hnub poob. Lub Xeev Forest Belt yog 3 mais deb, ua raws li cov teb irrigated.

Chaw nyob ntawm Balakovo NPP: 413866, cheeb tsam Saratov, nroog Balakovo.

Reservoir thiab pas dej txias

Balakovskaya NPP nyob rau sab laug ntawm lub pas dej Saratov. Nws yog ib tug ntawm cov loj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub Volga River thiab tau tsim los ntawm kev tsim kho ntawm Saratov hydroelectric dam. Lub reservoir tau ntim nrog dej los ntawm 1967 txog 1968. Tag nrho cov cheeb tsam ntawm lub reservoir yog 1831 square kilometers, qhov siab tshaj plaws qhov tob yog 8 meters. Lub reservoir tau tsim tshwj xeeb rau kev siv hauv kev lag luam, kev lag luam hluav taws xob thiab kev siv dej rau pej xeem. Lawm, zoo ib yam li lwm cov reservoirs zoo sib xws, Saratovskaya tsis zoo cuam tshuam rau spawning ntawm sturgeon ntses thiab yog ib yam khoom rau tsub zuj zuj ntawm ib puag ncig cov khoom tsis zoo ntawm tib neeg kev ua ub no.

Nyob rau ntawm lub tuam txhab hluav taws xob nuclear muaj qhov tso dej txias, thaj tsam ntawm 26.1 sq. km. Kwv yees qhov ntim ntawm cov dej loj yog 150 lab cubic meters. Zoo li lwm lub cev kaw dej, lub pas dejLub txias ntawm Balakovo NPP muaj teeb meem nrog cov concentration ntawm ntsev muaj pes tsawg leeg. Cov dej zoo tas li deteriorating vim siab salinity, yog li ntawd, ib txwm muaj lus nug txog tshuab. Qhov teeb meem no yog qhov ceev heev rau tag nrho cov nuclear fais fab nroj tsuag, thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm tshuab los ntawm lub reservoir tau nteg nyob rau hauv lub Balakovo project. Tab sis cov neeg tsim khoom yeej tsis ua dab tsi, thiab lub pas dej tau tsim los ua kom muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm ntawm 5 lub zog, yog li cov lus nug ntawm cov ntsev ntsev hauv lub pas dej tsuas yog tshwm sim hauv xyoo 2005.

Zoo, cov pej xeem hauv zos tawm tsam qhov tsis zoo, vim tias cov khoom tsis zoo yuav nkag mus rau hauv Saratov reservoir, qhov twg cov dej rau cov kev xav tau hauv nroog tau muab los ntawm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog vim cov dej tau thim rau hauv nroog xav tau hauv qab, tom qab li 5-6 mais. Yog lawm, thiab ncaj qha tshuab cua txias lub pas dej tseem raug txwv los ntawm txoj cai, txawm hais tias cov kws tsim hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tau nquag nquag hauv Duma, sim txhawb kev qhia txog kev hloov kho rau Dej Code. Tom qab ntawd, cov kws tsim hluav taws xob tau tso tseg lub tswv yim ntawm kev tshuab hluav taws xob hauv lub pas dej Balakovo, tab sis ntev npaum li cas tsis paub.

Kev raug mob ntawm tsob ntoo

Txawm tias muaj kev lees paub zoo ntawm kev tswj hwm tias kev lag luam muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo, txawm li cas los xij, cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev tawg thiab kev sib tsoo ntawm Balakovo NPP tau rov tshwm sim hauv xov xwm:

1985	Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm commissioning, kev huam yuaj tshwm sim ntawm 1 lub hwj chim unit. Tom qab ntawd 14 tus neeg tuag
1990	Vim yog ua txhaum ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm, thaum muaj xwm txheej ceevchav tsev thib peb tau kaw
1992	Lub reactor thib peb raug kaw vim hluav taws kub. Nyob rau tib lub xyoo, muaj qhov tawg tshwm sim ntawm 1 lub zog hluav taws xob, yog li nws tau nres
1993	Hluav taws kub ntawm tsob nroj
1997	Xov tooj cua kis tau tshwm sim hauv chav cav. Ua rau - lub tshuab hluav taws xob puas tsuaj
2003	Kev xwm txheej ntawm 1 lub reactor, hluav taws xob theem tsis nce
2004	Lub zog thib ob tau tso tseg, vim muaj cov dej ntws tawm, uas tau npaj los ua kom lub tshuab hluav taws xob. Lub sijhawm ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv tau tshwm sim hauv xov xwm hauv zos tias muaj hluav taws xob loj heev tau tshwm sim. Tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm cov ntawv ceeb toom tsis tseeb, vim muaj kev ntshai, qee tus neeg tau pib siv iodine ntau ntxiv rau kev siv sab hauv sab hauv thiab ua rau lom los ntawm nws. Raws li qee cov lus ceeb toom, 10 tus neeg raug mob, raws li lwm tus 3.
2007	1 thaiv tau raug tso tseg, tsis muaj qhov nce ntxiv ntawm cov hluav taws xob tom qab tau pom. Nyob rau lub Tsib Hlis ntawm tib lub xyoo, units 3 thiab 4 raug kaw, vim tias cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ua tsis tiav.
2010	Vim cua daj cua dub, 2 txoj kab hluav taws xob thiab 4 lub zog yuav tsum raug kaw

Zoo kawg

Kuv xav ntseeg tias txhua qhov kev ua tiav ntawm cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob nuclear hauv kev lag luam kev nyab xeeb tsis tau tshaj tawm. Tom qab tag nrholub tuam txhab twb tau txais qhov khoom plig rau qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev nyab xeeb kab lis kev cai 7 zaug.