Nyob rau hauv Russia muaj ib tug haib thauj complex - lub Sverdlovsk railway. Txoj kev loj no hla dhau thaj chaw ntawm Western Siberia thiab Urals. Railways ntawm Sverdlovsk cheeb tsam yog ib tug saum toj kawg nkaus peb Lavxias teb sab Railways. Tom ntej no, peb kawm txog keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim txoj kev loj. Kab lus tseem yuav tham txog lub tsev khaws puav pheej tshwj xeeb ntawm Sverdlovsk railway uas twb muaj lawm hauv Yekaterinburg.
cov ntaub ntawv dav dav
Lub Sverdlovsk ceg ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau muab kev thauj mus los tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm sab qaum teb sab hnub poob thiab nruab nrab ntawm peb lub tebchaws mus rau Kazakhstan, Siberia thiab Far East. Txoj kev loj no yog ua ib txoj kev tshwj xeeb. Yog li, nws ciam teb rau South Ural, Gorky thiab West Siberian railways. Qhov kev thauj mus los no muab ntau dua 9.5% ntawm tag nrho cov khoom thauj thiab tshem tawm ntawm cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Namely: roj, ferrous thiab non-ferrous hlau, thee, kev tsim kho thiab ntoocov ntaub ntawv. Tus Thawj Coj ntawm Sverdlovsk Railway ua txhua yam ua tau kom muaj kev nyab xeeb, txuas ntxiv thiab kev nplij siab ntawm kev thauj mus los. Lub taub hau yog A. Yu. Mironov, thawj tus thawj coj yog V. V. Iskorostensky. Chief Engineer ntawm Sverdlovsk Railway - I. O. Naboychenko. Sverdlovsk Railway muab kev thauj mus los ntawm cov khoom rau ntau tshaj 12,000 cov tuam txhab lag luam. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws pab txog ib thiab ib nrab txhiab txoj kev nkag. Sverdlovsk cheeb tsam woodworking, thee thiab mining tuam txhab uas muag tau tsim ib tug network ntawm me me nkag mus rau kab thiab ceg.
History of Creation
Thawj qhov haujlwm, raws li kev tsim kho Sverdlovsk railway, tau muab tso rau pem hauv ntej los ntawm tus neeg ua lag luam I. I. Lyubimov. Qhov xwm txheej tseem ceeb no tau tshwm sim xyoo 1868. Ntawm nws qhov kev xav, cov tswv yim ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau Sverdlovsk tau qhia ib ceg kab ntawm Perm mus rau Tobol, hla lub nroog xws li Yekaterinburg, Kungur thiab Shadrinsk. Tom qab lub sijhawm luv luv, tsoomfwv tau txiav txim siab ua haujlwm tshawb fawb hauv av. Tom qab ntawd, kev tsim kho tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kev pib. Xws li lub luag haujlwm tshwm sim tau muab tso rau "Society of Mining Railway". Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev tawm tsam ntawm thaj av, deforestation thiab demolition ntawm lub tsev tau pib nyob rau hauv 1870. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lawv tau koom nrog kev tsim choj, kev tsim kho ib ntus thiab kev tsim xov tooj.
Tom qab yim xyoo ntawm kev tsim kho, thawj ceg tau qhibntev 669 verts. Lub ntsiab lus pib ntawm kev taug kev yog Perm, thiab lub nroog Yekaterinburg tau ua qhov kawg taw tes. Thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 1885, txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau los ntawm Yekaterinburg mus rau Tyumen tau ua haujlwm. Thiab tsuas yog thaum pib ntawm 1888 txoj kev no tau koom ua ke nrog txoj kev Gornozavodskaya rau hauv ib txoj kev, uas yog hu ua Ural txoj kev loj. Xyoo 1896 tau ua tiav kev tsim kho ntawm ib ceg kab ntawm Yekaterinburg mus rau Chelyabinsk. Ua tsaug rau kev tsim cov kab no, Sverdlovsk railway tau koom ua ke nrog Trans-Siberian kev taw qhia. Vim lub fact tias cov hla ntawm cov mining seem yog heev me me, nyob rau hauv 1906 nws tau txiav txim siab los nteg ib tug tshiab kab los ntawm lub Urals. Thiab peb xyoos tom qab, thawj lub tsheb ciav hlau tau mus raws txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau no. Xyoo tom ntej, Bogoslovskaya, West Ural thiab Omsk railways tau txuas nrog Perm Mainline. Txij li thaum lub 30s ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, lawv tau raug rau ntau reorganizations. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum kawg, Perm thiab Sverdlovsk ceg tau sib koom ua ke. Qhov xwm txheej no tshwm sim xyoo 1953.
Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Sverdlovsk Railway
Hauv xyoo 2003, lub tsev khaws ntaub ntawv keeb kwm, kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis ntawm Sverdlovsk Railway tau qhib rau thaj chaw ntawm chaw nres tsheb. Rau koj cov ntaub ntawv, lub qub "chaw nres nkoj" rau tsheb ciav hlau tau tsim raws li qhov project ntawm tus kws kes duab vajtse P. P. Schreiber. Tam sim no, lub tsev no yog ib tug monument ntawm keeb kwm thiab kab lis kev cai ntawm lub XIX caug xyoo.
Ceremonial zaub
Nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm qhov nkag mus rau lub tsev muaj ib qho chaw qhib, nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm uas muaj ntau yam sculptures. Cov hauj lwm ntawm architecture embody lub railway txoj hauj lwm ntawm ntau eras. RauPiv txwv li, ntawm no koj tuaj yeem pom tus pej thuam ntawm lub taub hau ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb, leej twg, los ntawm kev ntaus lub tswb, ceeb toom rau cov neeg caij tsheb ntawm kev tawm ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib pawg ntawm "cov neeg taug kev" flaunts pem hauv ntej ntawm kev nkag mus rau lub tsev. Nrog rau cov duab puab no, tus sau piav qhia qhov tseeb uas cov neeg caij tsheb ntsib ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom pov thawj pom ntawm kev lag luam railway yog nyob rau ntawm lub square nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub tsev cia puav pheej. Ntawm no koj tuaj yeem pom lub semaphore, lub tsheb ciav hlau trolley tsim los thauj cov neeg pw tsaug zog, ib qho kev thaiv nruab nrog lub teeb liab, thiab lwm yam.
Exhibits
Qhov kev nthuav qhia sab hauv ntawm lub tsev yog sawv cev los ntawm cov khoom ntawm ob qho tib si kev kawm thiab keeb kwm xwm txheej. Thaum tsim thawj qeb, peb txiav txim siab siv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm qhov kev ua si. Txoj kev mus rau kev lag luam no yog vim qhov tseeb tias tsis yog txhua tus neeg tuaj saib nkag siab txog kev tsheb ciav hlau terminology. Raws li qhov no, lub platform ntawm Yekaterinburg railway chaw nres tsheb ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th tau rov tsim dua. Tellingly, qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg tau hloov mus ua qhov tseeb thiab zoo ib yam li tus thawj. Cov nyhuv no tau ua tiav ua tsaug rau cov duab khaws cia ntawm lub platform. Ntawm lub platform, cov neeg sau ntawv ntawm qhov nthuav tawm tau tso cov neeg caij tsheb, rooj zaum, lub tswb nyob ruaj khov thiab txawm tias lub nra. Cov keeb kwm ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej yog sawv cev los ntawm thawj Lavxias teb sab chav locomotive, uas tau tsim los ntawm leej txiv thiab tus tub ntawm Cherepanovs. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev nthuav tawm no tsis txwv rau cov khoom pov thawj "laus". Cov neeg tuaj xyuas hauv tsev cia puav pheej tuaj yeem paub txog cov kev tsheb ciav hlau niaj hnub no. Txog qhov kawg, ntawm no yog cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws txog kev tsim kho thawj txoj kev loj,Zaj dab neeg ntawm kev tsim thiab commissioning ntawm Perm thiab Ural Gornozavodskaya kab yog qhia, thiab hais txog. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv tsev cia puav pheej, thaum tsim cov khoom nthuav tawm, nrhiav kev cuam tshuam cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm thiab cov ntaub ntawv hauv lub sijhawm.
Xav paub ntxiv
Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej Ekaterinburg Keeb Kwm, Kev Tshawb Fawb thiab thev naus laus zis muaj ntau yam kev teeb tsa thiab cov qauv ntawm dov Tshuag. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj kev sau cov khoom pov thawj pom. Piv txwv li, cov neeg tuaj xyuas tuaj yeem paub txog qhov chaw ua haujlwm ntawm tus neeg tsav tsheb locomotive L11. Tsis tas li ntawd, txhua leej txhua tus raug caw los kawm txog cov txheej txheem, cov cuab yeej thiab ntau yam khoom siv hauv kev lag luam railway.
Zoo kawg
Lub tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm txoj kev Yekaterinburg tau suav tias yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm SVD. Tus cwj pwm, cov khoom pov thawj tau nthuav tawm hauv nws yuav muaj kev txaus siab tsis yog rau cov neeg laus ntawm cov pej xeem, tab sis kuj rau cov qhua me me. Lub gallery ua ob txoj haujlwm tib lub sijhawm. Ntawm qhov tod tes, txawm tias tus neeg tuaj saib tsis paub txog kev tsheb ciav hlau txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau tuaj yeem pom tau yooj yim ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw. Ntawm qhov tod tes, txhua yam khoom hauv chav ua yeeb yam pab tus neeg kom nthuav dav nws lub qab ntug, thiab qee zaum txawm txiav txim siab rau txoj haujlwm.
