Amateur art as a phenomenon of folk art

Cov txheej txheem:

Amateur art as a phenomenon of folk art
Amateur art as a phenomenon of folk art

Video: Amateur art as a phenomenon of folk art

Video: Amateur art as a phenomenon of folk art
Video: Minhwa - Korean Paintings of the People, by the People, and for the People 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
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Txhua lub tebchaws muaj nws cov lus dab neeg. Feem ntau cov no yog seev cev, nkauj, epics, fairy tales. Los ntawm leej txiv mus rau tus tub, los ntawm niam mus rau cov ntxhais, cov dab neeg yav dhau los tau dhau mus. Thaum nyuaj, tib neeg tig mus rau lawv lub hauv paus. Nyob ib ncig ntawm cov keeb kwm keeb kwm muaj ib lub teb chaws kev sib sau. Nyob rau hauv peb lub sij hawm, kev txaus siab rau nws cov keeb kwm tau nce txawv txawv. Thiab dab tsi yog keeb kwm tsis muaj kev kos duab pej xeem? Tom qab tag nrho, kev kawm txuj ci ntawm ib tug neeg pib qhov tseeb nrog kev paub txog nws cov hauv paus hniav, qhov no tau tso los ntawm cov menyuam yaus hauv tsev neeg thiab tsev kawm ntawv.

Folk Art

Russia nyob rau hauv qhov teeb meem ntawm kev khaws nws keeb kwm los ntawm pej xeem cov nkauj thiab seev cev tuav ib qho ntawm cov thawj coj hauv ntiaj teb. Los ntawm ib xyoos mus rau ib xyoos, cov koom haum kab lis kev cai tuav cov kev ntsuam xyuas kev ua yeeb yam thiab cov festivals ntawm pej xeem kos duab. Ntau ntxiv, cov hluas thiab cov menyuam yaus tuaj koom cov xwm txheej no. Txhua xyoo ntau thiab ntau tus neeg koom nrog. Tsis ntev los no, muaj ib tug qauv, raws li uas tsis tau tsuas yog cov me nyuam, tab sis kuj cov tsev neeg koom nyob rau hauv cov yeeb yam. Qhov no qhia txog kev txaus siab ntawm Russians nyob rau hauv keeb kwm.tsev.

pej xeem art
pej xeem art

Pob kos duab tsis tuaj yeem pom qhov kev faib dav dav yam tsis muaj kev nyiam ua yeeb yam. Nkauj, seev cev, ntaus suab paj nruag, suab paj nruag hnub so uas ib zaug muaj nyob rau hauv Russia - tag nrho cov no yuav pab khaws cia ib tug keeb kwm, cultivates kev hwm rau ib tug poj koob yawm txwv.

Feem ntau, cov pib ua koob tsheej thiab tshuaj xyuas pej xeem kos duab yog lub tsev ntawm kab lis kev cai, cov tsev khaws puav pheej keeb kwm hauv zos, keeb kwm kev ywj pheej. Hnub ntawm qhov kev tshwm sim tau pom zoo ua ntej nrog kev tswj hwm ntawm lub nroog lossis cheeb tsam. Qhov kev tshwm sim yog sim ua coincide nrog rau hnub ntawm ib qho kev tshwm sim tseem ceeb rau cheeb tsam. Nws tuaj yeem muaj yeej hauv kev tsov rog thiab kev sib ntaus sib tua, yug ntawm cov neeg nto moo, hnub so thaum ub.

Festival, amateur ua yeeb yam
Festival, amateur ua yeeb yam

Kev ua koob tsheej lossis tshuaj xyuas nws tus kheej dhau los ua ib feem ntawm kev ua koob tsheej. Kev ua koob tsheej mus raws li kev npaj ua ntej. Tsis tsuas yog cov neeg ua yeeb yam zoo nkauj, tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov pab pawg neeg nyiam ua yeeb yam hauv zos ua yeeb yam ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas kev ua yeeb yam. Kev sib tw yog kev vam meej loj. Rau cov pab pawg ntawm pej xeem kos duab thiab lub voj voog uas rov ua kom cov khoom qub qub, cov yeeb yam zoo li no yog lub sijhawm los qhia lawv tus kheej rau cov neeg, txhawb cov neeg nyiam ua haujlwm ntawm pab pawg.

Scenarios

Scenarios ntawm kev ua yeeb yam amateur muaj ntau haiv neeg. Yog hais tias hnub so yog lub sij hawm los coincide nrog qee qhov kev tshwm sim tseem ceeb rau thaj chaw, ces tsab ntawv sau rau hauv tus account nws cov kev tshwj xeeb. Yog rau lub hauv pauskev tshuaj xyuas lossis kev ua koob tsheej, hnub so-Lavxias teb sab tag nrho (Tshiab Xyoo Tshiab, Christmas, Easter) lossis hnub so qub (Maslenitsa) raug coj los, tom qab ntawd qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas kev ua yeeb yam yog tag nrho raws li qhov xwm txheej no.

seev cev pab pawg ua yeeb yam
seev cev pab pawg ua yeeb yam

Yuav ua li cas ua yeeb yam mus

Kev ua yeeb yam nws tus kheej tshwm sim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev sib tw ntawm cov seev cev thiab cov nkauj. Ntawm lawv yog cov hauv qab no:

  • Amateur contest for the best dance.
  • Nyob rau qhov originality ntawm kev npaj.
  • For the best song performance.
  • To the best song team.

Feem ntau, cov hom phiaj ntawm kev sib tw yog los rub cov neeg saib kom mloog rau cov neeg muaj tswv yim thiab nce qib ntawm kev kawm txuj ci. Kev sib tw ntawm pab pawg qhia qhov muaj zog tshaj plaws. Cov pab pawg yeej tos txais khoom plig.

kev sib tw

Kev sib tw suav nrog kev ua yeeb yam nyiam ua yeeb yam nthuav tawm los ntawm cov kws ua yeeb yam. Txhua pawg nthuav tawm ntau tus neeg koom nrog qee tus lej suab paj nruag. Nws tuaj yeem yog ib leeg lossis pab pawg ua las voos, nkauj pej xeem, kev ua yeeb yam choral, ntau yam kev ua yeeb yam acrobatic thiab comic, recitation ntawm paj huam thiab ua yeeb yam me me, ua si suab paj nruag. Txhua yam nyob ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev ua koob tsheej.

cov ntxhais nyob rau theem
cov ntxhais nyob rau theem

Ntev ua ntej qhov yeeb yam nws tus kheej, kev npaj hnyav pib. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg koom hauv kev ua yeeb yam amateur yog txiav txim siab. Costumes yog sewn, repertoire raug xaiv, rehearsals yog tuav. Ntaunyob ntawm seb lub band lossis tus neeg ua yeeb yam ua yeeb yam li cas. Kev tshaj tawm ntawm pab pawg yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb sib npaug los nyiam cov txuj ci tshiab rau pab pawg.

Mugs of folk crafts

Nws tau dhau los ua ib qho kev coj ua los caw ntau lub voj voog rau kev ua koob tsheej, uas nws cov tswv cuab txhawb pab pej xeem cov khoom siv tes ua. Tus neeg twg uas tau mus xyuas lub koob tsheej lossis kev sib tw tuaj yeem yuav khoom plig ntawm no. Nws tuaj yeem yog cov khoom tsim raws li cov cuab yeej qub qub ntawm pej xeem crafts. Cov khoom plig tuaj yeem yog los ntawm cov khoom sib txawv. Cov lauj kaub tais diav, tawv accessories, iav los yog hlau hniav nyiaj hniav kub, khaub ncaws antique (cov khau bast, onuchi, malachai, phuam qhwv caj dab, lace), cov khoom siv ntoo thiab cov khoom siv hauv tsev qub yog nrov heev.

pab pawg hu nkauj thiab seev cev
pab pawg hu nkauj thiab seev cev

Amateur ua yeeb yam raws li hnub so so

Txawm hais tias kev ua koob tsheej thiab kev ua koob tsheej tau teem sijhawm los ua ke nrog qee qhov xwm txheej, lawv tau teem sijhawm rau hnub ze tshaj plaws rau hnub no. Qhov no tso cai rau koj mus koom kev cai dab qhuas nrog tag nrho tsev neeg. Tib neeg tsis tas yuav maj mus qhov twg. Lawv muaj sij hawm los so, lom zem, kawm tej yam tshiab rau lawv tus kheej, txaus siab rau keeb kwm ntawm lawv cheeb tsam thiab pej xeem cov txuj ci ntawm lawv cov me nyuam, txawm nrhiav tau cov txuj ci zais cia hauv lawv tus kheej thiab cov neeg hlub.

Kev pib thiab kev pabcuam ntawm cov thawj coj hauv kev tuav qhov xwm txheej

Ntau zaus, tus thawj coj ntawm pej xeem kev ua koob tsheej, qhov kev pab cuam uas suav nrog kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm pawg kos duab, yog kev tswj hwm ntawm ib lub nroog lossis cheeb tsam. Rau kev sib tw, caisvenues thiab theem. Kev txiav txim yog saib xyuas los ntawm tub ceev xwm. Thaum lub caij so hauv cheeb tsam no, kev lag luam muag khoom noj khoom haus thiab dej qab zib tau teeb tsa. Cov koom haum xav txog qhov kev zov me nyuam nyob rau hauv xws li ib txoj kev uas amateur art show yuav txaus siab rau feem coob ntawm cov qhua. Qhov no yog ua tiav los ntawm qhov tseeb tias kev seev cev, choral thiab nkauj lej hloov pauv hauv qhov program.

kev sib tw thiab kev tshuaj xyuas
kev sib tw thiab kev tshuaj xyuas

Single art contests

Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov kev ua yeeb yam amateur tuaj yeem tsom tsis yog rau qee qhov kev tshwm sim tseem ceeb, tab sis kuj tseem nyob ntawm qee hom kev kos duab. Yog li, kev tshuaj xyuas thiab kev ua koob tsheej ntawm kev seev cev oriental nrov hauv peb lub tebchaws feem ntau muaj. Cov pab pawg seev cev los ntawm thoob plaws lub tebchaws thiab cov tebchaws nyob sib ze tau caw tuaj koom qhov kev tshwm sim no. Lub tsev ntawm Lub Tsev Kab lis kev cai yog xauj rau kev sib tw. Nyob rau hauv lub lobby muaj ib tug exhibition thiab muag khoom ntawm costumes, accessories thiab hniav nyiaj hniav kub. Lub concert Hall muaj kev ua yeeb yam los ntawm cov pab pawg amateur thiab cov neeg ua yeeb yam. Qhov kev hais kwv txhiaj yog saib xyuas los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm lub chaw saib xyuas kev ruaj ntseg ntiag tug lossis los ntawm cov neeg saib xyuas mus tas li ntawm Lub Tsev Kev Cai. Tag nrho cov xwm txheej kav ib hnub, thiab qee zaum ob hnub. Tus tswv tsev ua haujlwm ntsib thiab txhawb nqa nws cov qhua.

keeb kwm me ntsis

Amateur art originated nyob rau hauv Tsarist Russia. Tom qab ntawd lub voj voog ntawm pej xeem kos duab tau teeb tsa ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom thiab cov nroj tsuag. Lawv suav nrog cov neeg nyiam ua las voos, nkauj, cov kws ua yeeb yam uas ua cov twj paj nruag pej xeem (balalaikas, kav dej) thiab ntaus lawv. Cov dej num ntawm cov pab pawg no yogKev saib xyuas nruj ntawm cov tub ceev xwm, uas pom txhua yam kev ua phem rau hauv cov rooj sib tham ntawm cov neeg zoo tib yam.

Tom qab lub kiv puag ncig, pej xeem kev kos duab pib loj hlob sai. Xyoo 1920, kev ua yeeb yam ntawm cov pab pawg no feem ntau muaj keeb kwm kev tshaj tawm. Lub repertoire ntawm cov pab pawg tsis tau tsuas yog pej xeem tej hauj lwm, tab sis kuj satirical ditties, thuam cov tswv ntiag tug (kurkuli), tub nkeeg tub nkeeg lagging qab nyob rau hauv ntau lawm, thiab hais txog. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev ua yeeb yam ntawm cov hluas ua haujlwm tau pib tshwm sim. Amateur art mus txog nws lub ncov nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-1930s. Thaum lub sij hawm ntawd, kev ua las voos, nkauj, thiab suab paj nruag tau tsim nyob rau hauv ntau lub tebchaws. Tom qab ntawd lawv tau txais lub npe ntawm pab pawg neeg kos duab thiab pej xeem ua yeeb yam.

Thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, kev ua yeeb yam pib ua haujlwm txuas ntxiv mus. Cov neeg koom nrog uas tsis mus rau pem hauv ntej tau ua yeeb yam hauv tsev kho mob, ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam kev lag luam, rau cov neeg nyob hauv zos thiab khiav tawm tom qab. Nyob rau lub sijhawm tom qab tsov rog, kev ua yeeb yam nyiam ua yeeb yam tau nthuav dav. Nws pib tsim tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub USSR, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv lwm lub teb chaws fraternal. Hauv qhov no, kev sib tw thoob ntiaj teb thiab kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm kev ua yeeb yam pib pib. Tshwj xeeb, lawv tau tuav hauv Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees.

pab neeg muaj tswv yim ua tau zoo
pab neeg muaj tswv yim ua tau zoo

Nyob rau hauv peb lub sijhawm, cov pab pawg neeg nyiam ua yeeb yam tau tsim nyob hauv ntau lub tebchaws hauv ntiaj teb. Yog li, lawv nyob hauv Fabkis, Finland, Switzerland. Muaj txog rau caum amateur orchestras hauv Sweden. Nyob USA, lojCov tub ntxhais kawm pej xeem kev ua yeeb yam, suab paj nruag, thiab pab pawg hu nkauj tau dhau los ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas. Nyob rau hauv tim Nkij teb chaws, tsis yog ib hnub so ua tiav yam tsis muaj kev ua yeeb yam ntawm pawg neeg pej xeem, uas cov neeg koom yog cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog sib txawv thiab tiam neeg. yawg, txiv, tub thiab tub xeeb ntxwv ua tau ib pab.

Zoo siab tias nyob hauv peb lub tebchaws, kev tshuaj xyuas kev ua yeeb yam tau txais kev saib xyuas ntau heev. Cov pab pawg pej xeem muaj nyob ntawm tus nqi ntawm cov neeg saib xyuas thiab cov koom haum pej xeem. Cov neeg tuaj koom tsim ntau cov khaub ncaws thiab kho kom zoo nkauj rau lawv tus kheej. Nws zoo siab tias muaj cov neeg muaj tswv yim zoo li no uas tsim txhua yam kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab muaj txiaj ntsig.

Hnub no, pab pawg neeg nyiam ua yeeb yam tau caw tuaj koom ua yeeb yam, ntau yam xwm txheej tshwj xeeb rau cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb hauv nroog thiab hauv nroog. Tam sim no muaj ib qho kev txhawb siab ntawm cov hnub caiv thaum ub. Qhov no tsis yog tsuas yog tus hlub Maslenitsa, tab sis kuj yog hnub so ntawm Ivan Kupala, nrog rau lub Limtiam Mermaid, Lub Caij Nplooj Ntoos Hlav thiab lwm yam. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas cov tub ntxhais hluas koom nrog cov pab pawg neeg kos duab. Qhov no qhia tias kev sib txuas ntawm ntau tiam neeg tsis tau tawg. Yog peb nco txog keeb kwm thiab kab lis kev cai ntawm peb cov poj koob yawm txwv, peb yuav muaj ib yam dab tsi rau peb cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv.

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