Nubian suab puam: flora, huab cua, piav qhia

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Nubian suab puam: flora, huab cua, piav qhia
Nubian suab puam: flora, huab cua, piav qhia

Video: Nubian suab puam: flora, huab cua, piav qhia

Video: Nubian suab puam: flora, huab cua, piav qhia
Video: 18 самых загадочных исторических совпадений в мире 2024, Lub peb hlis ntuj
Anonim

Nubian Suab puam yog ib thaj tsam ntawm African Sahara suab puam. Nws nyob nws sab hnub tuaj thiab nyob nruab nrab ntawm tus dej Nile thiab lub roob Etbay. Nyob rau sab qaum teb nws tau hloov los ntawm lwm cheeb tsam ntawm Sahara - Arabian suab puam. Hauv Arabic, cov suab puam hu ua En-Nuba. Nws cheeb tsam yog ntau tshaj li ib lab square kilometers, los yog 1,240,000 km². Nubian Desert nyob rau hauv daim ntawv qhia kev nom kev tswv ntawm lub ntiaj teb no li cas? Sudan thiab tim lyiv teb chaws tau faib nws thaj chaw ua ob qhov tsis sib xws. Sudan tau txais feem ntau ntawm thaj chaw, thiab tim lyiv teb chaws, feem, qhov me dua.

nubian suab puam
nubian suab puam

Yuav ua li cas thiaj hu ua suab puam?

Suab puam yog thaj chaw ntuj uas nws nyob tas li lossis feem ntau ntawm lub sijhawm kub thiab qhuav. Qhov dej nag txhua xyoo hauv cov cheeb tsam no tsis pub tshaj 250 hli. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tus nqi ntawm evaporation ntawm noo noo tshaj qhov ntsuas no los ntawm yuav luag 20 zaug. Feem ntau ntawm cov suab puam yog dominated los ntawm tiaj tiaj toj roob hauv pes. Cov nroj tsuag ntawm cov cheeb tsam no yog me me, thiab cov fauna yog qee yam tshwj xeeb.

UNESCO thiab FAO faib yuav luag 23% ntawm lub ntiaj teb av raws li cov suab puam ib txwm. Lub Sahara suav hais tias yog cov suab puam loj tshaj plaws, uas Nubian yog ib feem.suab puam. Cov suab puam Arctic raug kho cais los ntawm cov koom haum no.

Nubian Desert Sudan thiab Egypt
Nubian Desert Sudan thiab Egypt

Saping landforms

Feem ntau ntawm lub ntiaj teb cov suab puam yog tsim los ntawm geological platforms. Cov no yog thaj chaw qub tshaj plaws ntawm thaj av. Nyob rau hauv teb chaws Africa, lawv nyob ntawm qhov siab ntawm 1 txhiab meters. Cov suab puam Nubian, uas tau piav qhia hauv tsab xov xwm no, zoo li cov kauj ruam loj, qib uas poob los ntawm 1 txhiab meters mus rau 350 meters. Cov suab puam feem ntau yog nyob ib puag ncig lossis ciam teb los ntawm roob.. Cov no tej zaum yuav yog cov tub ntxhais hluas roob, xws li hauv Asia thiab South America, los yog cov laus thiab puas tsuaj loj. Nubian suab puam yog nyob ib sab ntawm Etbay ntau yam, uas belongs rau lub roob qub. Nyob rau sab hnub poob ntawm cov suab puam, cov kob roob tuaj hla, qhov siab uas yog li 1240 m. Sab hnub tuaj ntawm Nubian suab puam yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov pob zeb qub ntawm Nubian-Arabian daim thaiv. Hauv seem no, koj tuaj yeem pom Nubian sandstones, uas tau them nrog xuab zeb nyob rau lwm qhov.

Cov dej ntws qhuav ntws thoob plaws toj siab. Lawv hu ua wadi. Txhua channel khiav hauv ib lub hav dav thiab sib faib cov toj siab mus rau hauv ntu. Raws li twb tau hais lawm, cov suab puam no yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov siab, thiab qhov nruab nrab qhov siab ntawm no yog 500 m. Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm Nuba Desert yog ntawm 2259 m. Qhov no yog Mount Oda.

Nubian suab puam piav qhia
Nubian suab puam piav qhia

Nroog ntiaj teb

Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav ntawm Nubian suab puam, nws nyuaj heev rau cov nroj tsuag kom ciaj sia. Qhov no piav txog qhov sparseness ntawm cov zaub npog. Ntawm no, cov nyom xerophytic tswj kom muaj sia nyob, uas ntau xyoo dhau los tau yoog rauqhuav suab puam huab cua thiab tuaj yeem tiv taus drought thiab cua sov. Tsis tas li ntawm no tuaj hla acacia, undemanding hom tamarisk nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntoo me me los yog shrubs. Qee lub sij hawm muaj lwm cov ntoo pos thiab cov nroj tsuag.

Cov zaub yog tshwj xeeb sparse nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov suab puam Nubian. Txawm cov nomads yeej tsis kam nkag los rau hauv no, vim cov ntxhuav uas tsis paub tab nrhiav tsis tau zaub mov.

Nubian suab puam keeb kwm
Nubian suab puam keeb kwm

Nyob ntiaj teb

Nyob hauv thaj chaw uas tsis muaj dej nag thiab qhov kub thiab txias, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob cia siab tias yuav muaj ntau tus tsiaj. Ntau hom tsiaj reptiles muaj nyob ntawm no, feem ntau yog cov tshuaj lom nab, saib suab puam, lizards, nrog rau hom tawv nqaij, thiab geckos.

Ntau hom tsiaj muaj sia nyob yog tsom mus raws tus Nile. Hauv cov chaw no koj tuaj yeem ntsib crocodiles, ibis, jackals, hyenas.

Nubian suab puam huab cua
Nubian suab puam huab cua

Climate

Koj puas xav txog qhov kub npaum li cas Nubian suab puam? Kev nyab xeeb ntawm no yog tropical. Nws qhuav heev vim muaj dej nag tsawg heev. Feem ntau, lawv tus lej tsis pub tshaj 25 hli hauv ib xyoos, tab sis qee zaum muaj cov xyoo qhuav qhuav uas nag lossis daus tsis poob txhua xyoo.

Thaum lub caij ntuj sov, nruab hnub kub tuaj yeem ncav cuag 53 ° C. Lub caij ntuj no kub qis dua, nrog rau lub Ib Hlis qhov nruab nrab ntawm 15 ° C.

nubian suab puam
nubian suab puam

Historical digression

Tsis muaj leej twg xav tau cov neeg hauv zos loj hauv qhov chaw zoo li Nubian Desert, lawv puas yog? Keeb kwm sim ua pov thawj tias nws yogtsis tas li. Ntawm no, hauv suab puam, archaeologists tam sim no thiab tom qab ntawd tuaj hla cov pov thawj ntawm kev ua tiav ntawm kev vam meej ntawm "dub pharaohs". Qhov no yog lub npe ntawm cov thawj coj uas coj Iyiv tau yuav luag ib puas xyoo.

Thaum chiv keeb, cov Iziv tsuas yog pauv nrog cov Nubians, tab sis lawv tsis xav muab kub rau cov neeg zej zog uas tsis muaj zog, thiab cov Iyiv vaj ntxwv Thutmose ntes Nubia. Txhawm rau tswj hwm cov lus qhia tseem ceeb ntawm thaj chaw nyob, lub fortress ntawm Napatu tau tsim, uas nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua IX BC. e. cov thawj coj hauv zos tau tshaj tawm tias muaj lub nceeg vaj ywj pheej. Thaum pib ntawm Vlll hauv BC. e. Lub nceeg vaj Napatian, ua kom zoo dua ntawm qhov tsis muaj zog ib ntus ntawm nws cov neeg nyob ze, tau ntes Egypt. Lub tswvyim ntawm "dub pharaohs" yog hais txog lub sijhawm ntawm kev kav ntawm Nubians. Tseem muaj cov duab ntawm Taharqa dynasty, txawm tias tim lyiv teb chaws tab tom sim tshem lub cim xeeb ntawm lub sijhawm no.

Tom qab ib puas xyoo ntawm kev kav, Pharaoh Psametikh II tau tswj hwm lub zwm txwv thiab ua pauj rau cov Nubians los ntawm kev rhuav tshem Napata. Lub peev ntawm Nubian lub nceeg vaj tau tsiv mus rau Meroe.

Nubian Desert Sudan thiab Egypt
Nubian Desert Sudan thiab Egypt

rau qhov xav paub

Nubian suab puam, txawm tias muaj neeg nyob tsawg, muaj qhov pom. Yog li, piv txwv li, Ramses 3 ua ob lub tuam tsev ntawm no. Yog li ntawd, nws xav tsa nws tus kheej thiab nws tus poj niam. Ramses 3 tso nees nkaum-meter duab ntawm vajtswv nrog nws lub ntsej muag ntawm lub ntsej muag.

Ntau tus neeg paub tias hauv tebchaws Iziv tus miv yog dawb huv. Tab sis tsis yog txhua tus paub tias nws tuaj rau lub teb chaws no los ntawm Nubian suab puam. Nws nyob ntawm no uas Nubian tsiaj qus nyob, uas tau los ua poj koob yawm txwv ntawm cov tsiaj niaj hnub.

Xyoo 1834, Sudan tso cai khawb hauv nws thaj chawib tug Italian archaeologist uas pib kawm lub pyramid ntawm poj huab tais Amanishaketo. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kev tshawb fawb no tsis tau ua raws li cov hom phiaj kev tshawb fawb. Cov Italian tsoo lub qhov ntxa, sim nrhiav kub. Giuseppe Ferlini nqa tag nrho nws txoj kev nrhiav hauv tsev thiab muag lawv.

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