Kandalaksha Bay nyob qhov twg? Nqe lus piav qhia, nta, duab

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Kandalaksha Bay nyob qhov twg? Nqe lus piav qhia, nta, duab
Kandalaksha Bay nyob qhov twg? Nqe lus piav qhia, nta, duab

Video: Kandalaksha Bay nyob qhov twg? Nqe lus piav qhia, nta, duab

Video: Kandalaksha Bay nyob qhov twg? Nqe lus piav qhia, nta, duab
Video: KANDALAKSHA, Russia. Sea Port, “NIVA-3” Hydroelectricity and Aluminium Plant. Russian North. VLOG 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Kandalaksha Bay nyob qhov twg? Nws nyob rau sab qaum teb-sab hnub poob ntawm Hiav Txwv Dawb, nruab nrab ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv yav qab teb ntawm Kola Peninsula (Kandalaksha ntug dej hiav txwv) thiab ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Karelia. Qhov ntev ntawm thaj chaw dej no yog 185 km, thiab qhov dav ntawm qhov nkag yog 67 km. Cov ntug dej hiav txwv, tsim los ntawm 10 txhiab xyoo dhau los, tom qab kev khiav tawm ntawm lub glacier, yog hnyav heev indented los ntawm me me fiords (duab), nyob rau hauv cov dej cheeb tsam muaj pua pua ntawm me me Islands tuaj-skerries thiab ntau underwater pob zeb.

Kandalaksha chaw
Kandalaksha chaw

yam ntxwv

Qhov tob tshaj plaws ntawm Hiav Txwv Dawb yog nyob hauv Kandalaksha Bay. Kev nyuaj siab ntawm 200 meters protrudes mus rau hauv qab los ntawm sab ntawm lub hiav txwv cheeb tsam. Qhov chaw no ncav cuag yuav luag mus rau nruab nrab ntawm lub bay. Qhov tob tshaj plaws phiab (343 m) nyob rau sab hnub poob ntawm qhov kev nyuaj siab no. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tob li no yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj li txoj cai. Qhov nruab nrab tus nqi ntawm thaj chaw dej no yog li 20 m, nws txo qis me ntsis ntawm ntug dej hiav txwvthiab nce mus txog 10 m. Ntog littoral - qhov no yog li cas lub Kandalaksha Bay tuaj yeem ua tus cwj pwm. Tides, raws li txoj cai, yog 1.8-2 m, tab sis kuj muaj cov uas ncav cuag 3 m. Lub tidal nthwv dej los ntawm Dawb Hiav Txwv caj pas, kis mus rau sab qab teb thiab sab hnub poob. Nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov, dej kub nce mus txog qhov nruab nrab ntawm 14-15 ° C, nyob rau hauv me me sheltered bays cov dej tuaj yeem sov txog 25 ° C.

Climatic nta

Kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub bay tsis ruaj khov, huab cua hloov pauv ntau vim muaj kev txav ntawm cov cua daj cua dub thiab nquag hloov pauv huab cua. Kev cuam tshuam ntawm Gulf Stream cuam tshuam rau thaj chaw no kom tsawg dua li ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv Murmansk. Qhov nruab nrab kub nyob rau hauv Lub Xya hli ntuj yog 13-14 ° C, nyob rau hauv Lub ob hlis ntuj - los ntawm -10 ° C mus -12 ° C. Lub sij hawm tsis muaj Frost yog 110-120 hnub. Lub Kandalaksha Bay yog npog nrog dej khov nyob rau hauv txias xyoo twb nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-Lub kaum hli ntuj, nyob rau hauv sov xyoo - nyob rau hauv lub Kaum Ob Hlis thiab txawm nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov Lub ib hlis ntuj. Melting feem ntau tshwm sim hauv lub Tsib Hlis.

dej ntws ntawm kandalaksha bay
dej ntws ntawm kandalaksha bay

Coastal Development

Lub cheeb tsam ntawm Kola Peninsula tau nyob los ntawm tib neeg tsis ntev tom qab qhov dej khov yaj - nyob rau xyoo 7-6 xyoo BC. e., thaum lub sij hawm Mesolithic era. Nyob rau ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm lub bay, qhov qub tshaj plaws archaeological chaw hnub rov qab mus rau thaum ntxov Iron Age. Nyiaj tau mined ntawm Bear Island nyob rau hauv 17th-18th centuries, tab sis nws reserves tau ua me me. Kev tsim kho kev lag luam pib tom qab kev tsim kho ntawm Murmansk railway hauv 1915-1916. Kev nkag mus ua haujlwm tau tshwm sim raws ntug dej hauv xyoo 1910-1938. Niaj hnub no, txoj kev thauj tseem ceeb dhau los ntawm Kandalaksha Bay, nrog rau cov roj thiab lwm yam khoom thauj. chaw nres nkoj lojKandalaksha nyob rau sab hnub poob ntawm thaj chaw dej.

Neighbourhood

Nyob rau xyoo 1932, Kandalaksha Nature Reserve tau tsim nyob rau hauv cov dej ntawm lub bay thiab ntawm cov Islands tuaj los tiv thaiv cov zes loj ntawm eider. Nyob rau yav tom ntej, qhov loj ntawm thaj chaw tiv thaiv tau nce, ncav cuag 70 txhiab hectares los ntawm tam sim no. Kev yos hav zoov hauv thaj chaw dej tau txwv hauv xyoo 1957. Ntawm cov monuments ntuj ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv thiab Islands tuaj yog outcrops ntawm feem ntau ancient pob zeb, 3 billion xyoo.

ebbs thiab ntws hauv Kandalaksha Bay
ebbs thiab ntws hauv Kandalaksha Bay

Ntse

Cov ntug dej hiav txwv siab thiab pob zeb, qhov nruab nrab qhov siab ntawm cov pob zeb ntawm Karelian ntug dej hiav txwv yog 100-300 m, thiab ntug dej hiav txwv Kandalaksha yog 175-600 m. Cov dej ntws hauv Kandalaksha Bay muaj qee yam. tus cwj pwm. Lub tidal tam sim no los ntawm Hiav Txwv Dawb. Nws txav mus rau sab qaum teb ntawm qhov nrawm nrawm. Yog tias koj ua raws li nws cov lus qhia, nws yuav ua rau sab hnub tuaj ntawm Turiy Peninsula. Lub ebb tam sim no tsiv rov qab mus rau tidal ib.

Nroog ntiaj teb

Lub ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm thaj chaw dej feem ntau yog npog nrog hav zoov coniferous (tsuas yog ntoo thuv), ntawm qhov siab muab txoj hauv kev rau cov ntoo qis. Ntau tshaj 630 hom nroj tsuag siab dua loj hlob ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv thiab cov Islands tuaj, uas ua rau 55% ntawm tag nrho cov nroj tsuag ntawm thaj av Murmansk. Kandalaksha Bay yog nyob rau ntawm kev sib tshuam ntawm ob cheeb tsam floristic - North Europe thiab Arctic. 25 cov nroj tsuag endemic tau raug txheeb xyuas hauv thaj chaw cia, suav nrog cov paj noob hlis arctic, tsib hom marsh orchids, ob hom ferns, thiab peony marin cag. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv hav zoov muaj qhov chaw overgrown nrogvenus khau khiab (txog li ob lossis peb txhiab tus qauv hauv ib cheeb tsam) thiab lwm hom orchid tsis tshua muaj - lub puab tsaig tsis muaj nplooj.

Qhov twg yog lub Kandalaksha Bay
Qhov twg yog lub Kandalaksha Bay

Nyob ntiaj teb

Cov tsiaj muaj 170 hom tsiaj, 240 hom noog (nrog rau cov noog tsiv teb tsaws chaw), ob hom tsiaj reptiles thiab peb amphibians. Ntawm cov tsiaj loj - elk, dais, lynx, wolverine, hma. Ntau tus dais nyob ntawm cov Islands tuaj, ua luam dej tsis tu ncua hla Kandalaksha Bay mus rau ntug dej hiav txwv. Cov tsiaj me me: hma, ermine, Pine marten, weasel, American mink acclimatized nyob rau sab qaum teb. Cov tsiaj muaj plaub yog cov hare nyob ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv thiab cov Islands tuaj, thiab muskrat nyob hauv pas dej. Hiav txwv hares thiab ringed seals nyob hauv cov dej ntawm lub bay. Ntawm cov noog uas teev nyob rau hauv Phau Ntawv Liab, muaj dawb-tailed dav dawb hau, golden dav dawb hau, gyrfalcon, osprey, kestrel, dav dawb hau owl, snowy owl, dawb-billed loon, crested cormorant, barnacle goose, whooper thiab mute swans, grey. crane.

Muaj 30 hom ntses nyob hauv Kandalaksha Bay, tab sis lawv cov lej tsawg. Feem ntau, White Sea cod pom, nyob rau hauv lub skerries muaj spawning thaj chaw rau Dawb Hiav txwv herring. Tus dej flounder nyob hauv lub qhov ncauj ntawm tus dej, thiab lub polar flounder nyob rau ntawm ntug hiav txwv. Trout thiab xim av trout nyob hauv pas dej txuas nrog hiav txwv, tom kawg pub hauv dej hiav txwv ntev.

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