Phau Ntawv Liab ntawm cheeb tsam Saratov: cov npe ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab tsiaj txhu

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:47

cheeb tsam Saratov muaj npe nrov rau nws qhov kev nplua nuj: hav zoov tiv thaiv, cov tsiaj ntxim nyiam thiab noog, feem ntau, muaj qee yam pom. Nws nyob ntawm no tias cov tsiaj nyob uas koj tsis tuaj yeem pom hauv lwm thaj tsam ntawm peb lub tebchaws loj.

Phau Ntawv Liab ntawm Thaj Chaw Saratov

Vim nws qhov chaw nyob ntawm qhov chaw sib tshuam ntawm Tebchaws Europe thiab Asia, huab cua, av thiab nyem nta, peb thaj chaw toj roob hauv pes converge ntawm no: hav zoov-steppe, steppe thiab semi-desert. Yog li ntawd, qhov xwm ntawm cheeb tsam Saratov yog heev peculiar. Nyob rau sab xis-bank sab qaum teb, cov no yog hav zoov tiv thaiv thiab chalk roob ntawm Khvalynshchina thiab Volsk, tig mus rau sab qab teb mus rau hauv hav zoov-steppe cheeb tsam, sab laug bank ntawm lub Volga yog ib tug forb, feather nyom, fescue-sagebrush steppe, bordering rau. lub Kazakh semi-desert.

Tsis muaj dab tsi zoo li no tau pom nyob hauv ib cheeb tsam ntawm Russia. Lub uniqueness ntawm qhov chaw txiav txim siab originality thiab xim ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab fauna ntawm cheeb tsam Saratov: ntau tshaj 1.5 txhiab hom nroj tsuag, 250 hom noog,70 - mammals … Thiab qhov no tsis yog ib daim ntawv teev tag nrho. Hmoov tsis zoo, raws li kev txhim kho ntawm thaj av steppe, lwm yam kev lag luam ntawm tib neeg, kev sib npaug ntawm ntuj raug cuam tshuam, thiab cov neeg sawv cev tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov tsiaj thiab tsiaj txhu tau khaws cia feem ntau hauv cov chaw nyuaj mus txog: hauv cov chaw, hauv dej nyab ntawm cov dej ntws. thiab estuaries, tiv thaiv cheeb tsam ntawm Khvalynsk thiab Khopra, hav zoov ntawm Kumysnaya Polyana. Txog niaj hnub no, tsuas yog 541 hom tau suav nrog hauv cov npe ntawm cov tsiaj tsis tshua muaj lossis cov tsiaj txhu uas ploj lawm ntawm thaj av.

Red Book

Thawj zaug, qhov yuav tsum tau khaws cia qhov sib txawv ntawm cov tsiaj thiab tsiaj txhu hauv cheeb tsam tau tham hauv 90s ntawm lub xyoo pua dhau los. Thiab twb nyob rau hauv 1996, thawj Phau Ntawv Liab ntawm lub cheeb tsam Saratov tau luam tawm, qhov twg cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws kev loj hlob ntawm tsawg los yog yuav luag tuag hom nroj tsuag, tsiaj txhu thiab noog. Kaum xyoo tom qab ntawd, nws tau rov luam tawm dua, thiab tsoomfwv ntawm thaj av tau pom zoo cov npe ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab tsiaj txhu uas tau teev tseg hauv Phau Ntawv Liab, thiab txiav txim siab txog kev lav phib xaub rau kev puas tsuaj rau cov khoom no. Kev ntsuas tau raug coj los tswj kev lag luam yos hav zoov ntawm thaj av: kev yos hav zoov rau elk raug kaw, mos lwj thiab mos lwj raug txwv.

Tshwj xeeb, muaj cov tsiaj ntawm thaj av Saratov, teev nyob rau hauv Phau Ntawv Liab (235 hom), nroj tsuag (286 hom). Cov ntawv tshaj tawm yog nthuav qhia ntau yam, qhia cov duab qhia txog kev faib tawm ntawm qee hom ntawm cov tsiaj tsis tshua muaj thiab muaj kev puas tsuaj, lawv cov lus piav qhia, cov lus pom zoo rau kev tiv thaiv.

Nyob ntiaj teb

Tam sim no muaj kev xav taulwm reissue. Phau ntawv liab ntawm Saratov cheeb tsam nyob rau hauv ib tsab tshiab yuav tsum tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv 2016. Nws yuav suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov xyoo tsis ntev los no ntawm kev ua tiav tiav thiab yuav luag ploj mus thiab tsis tshua muaj hom tsiaj thiab fauna tam sim no hauv peb cheeb tsam thiab xav tau kev tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb. Tsiaj txhu ntawm Phau Ntawv Liab ntawm thaj av Saratov yog sawv cev los ntawm ob lub kaum os hom tsiaj tsis tshua muaj, 32 hom noog.

7 hom tsiaj reptiles thiab 4 hom neeg nyob hauv av thiab dej xav tau kev tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb. Ntawm cov feem ntau nthuav hom tsiaj reptiles, tus kab mob ko taw thiab qhov ncauj tuaj yeem raug sau tseg. Raws li txoj cai, nws nyob hauv thaj chaw toj roob hauv pes ntawm steppes thiab semi-deserts, feem ntau nyob rau sab laug ntug dej ntawm Volga River, tshwj xeeb hauv koog tsev kawm ntawv Marksovsky. Qee zaum cov neeg sawv cev ntawm hom no tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv hav zoov-steppe thiab txawm nyob rau hauv highlands. Nws nyob hauv qhov ntiav ntiav uas nws khawb nws tus kheej, los yog siv cov burrows ntawm cov toads, nas, thiab txawm nyob hauv cov kab nrib pleb thiab crevices hauv av. Nws cov zaub mov yog kab me me: yoov, kab laug sab, ntsaum, kab ntsig. Hunts thaum sawv ntxov thiab yav tav su. nteg qe loj heev - los ntawm 1 mus rau 1.5 centimeters.

Kev ruaj ntseg thiab tswj

Tsiaj ntawm Phau Ntawv Liab ntawm thaj av Saratov yog nyob rau hauv kev tiv thaiv thiab kev tswj hwm ntawm tsoomfwv ntawm cheeb tsam. Kev ntsuas cov khoom siv thiab kev lav phib xaub yog tsim los rau kev puas tsuaj los ntawm kev rho tawm tsis raug cai thiab kev puas tsuaj tom ntej, nrog rau kev puas tsuaj lossis kev puas tsuaj rau lawv qhov chaw nyob.

Liab Phau Ntawv ntawm Saratovcheeb tsam nthuav tawm cov npe dav dav ntawm cov tsiaj nyob hauv thaj chaw Saratov. Cov no yog cov nram qab no ntau yam: lub qw muskrat, marmot nyob rau hauv lub steppes, yav tsaus ntuj noog, tawm tsam nyob rau hauv nws gigantic loj. Avdotka, lub dav dawb huv golden, qhov nthuav dav saker falcon, qw nrov nrov, tuvik, crane (belladonna), nab dav dawb hau, liab-throated goose, lapwing, spoonbill, crested pelican, dawb-tailed. dav dawb hau, thiab ntau ntau hom thiab subspecies uas xyaum tsis pom hnub no.

Nyob hauv cheeb tsam no, tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg sawv cev tsawg tsawg ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov noog uas yuav luag ploj mus, tus me me bustard, tus nab tsis nco qab eagle thiab ntau lwm tus yog siab heev.

Birds

Nyob rau hauv seem "Cov Phau Ntawv Liab ntawm cheeb tsam Saratov. Noog" yog qhov txaus siab rau tus nquab hiav txwv. Nws feem ntau tsis meej pem nrog cov dub taub hau gull, tab sis tsis zoo li nws, cov xim ntawm cov plaub ntawm nws lub taub hau yog dawb, thiab tsis yog dub, zoo li ib tug gull. Lub caj dab pinkish, tus Tsov tus tw thiab lub cev qis muab nws qhov kev zoo nkauj tshwj xeeb, thiab cov xim no yog qhov zoo rau lub caij ntuj sov. Lub nraub qaum thiab tis yog grey, dub thiab dawb kab txaij ntawm tus Tsov tus tw thiab cov lus qhia dub ntawm lub davhlau plaub, nrog rau lub ntsej muag zoo nkauj thiab cov paws liab, ua kom tiav cov khaub ncaws zoo nkauj ntawm tus nquab. Cov noog yog qhov loj heev - qhov ntev ntawm 39 centimeters mus rau ib nrab ib 'meter', wingspan yog hais txog ib 'meter'. Koj tuaj yeem pom nws nyob rau sab laug Bank thaum lub caij ntuj sov.

Berkut - a formidable noog

Lwm tus noog uas teev nyob rau hauv Phau Ntawv Liab ntawm cheeb tsam Saratov yog lub dav dawb hau kub. Qhov no yog tus sawv cev zoo nkauj ntawm cov noog, qhov ntev ntawm nws cov claws tsuas yogyog 7 centimeters, paws yog feathered rau claws. Nws hnyav los ntawm peb mus rau xya kilograms, lub cev ntev yog hais txog ib 'meter'. Vim hais tias ntawm cov dub nrog ib tug golden tint nyob rau sab nraum qab ntawm lub taub hau thiab caj dab, xim tau txais lub npe thawj, txhais los ntawm lus Askiv li "Golden Eagle". Me nyuam golden eagles yog dawb. Nws muaj qhov muag pom tau zoo, nws pom cov tsiaj nyeg ntawm qhov deb ntawm 4 km. Lub davhlau ceev hauv kev dhia dej yog ntau tshaj 100 km / h.

Habitat - hav zoov, roob roob. Nws tshwm sim hauv Khvalynsky Reserve. Nyob rau hauv kev tiv thaiv. Nws cov zaub mov muaj ducks, marmots, herons thiab txawm cranes thiab nab. Ntshai heev, tuaj yeem tua mos lwj, roe mos lwj. Cov txij nkawm, raws li txoj cai, nyob ruaj khov rau ib leeg mus txog hnub kawg. Ob niam txiv muaj ob peb lub zes, cov me nyuam qaib loj hlob mus txog 45 hnub, ces lawv pub tau li ob lub hlis.

Section "Cov Phau Ntawv Liab ntawm cheeb tsam Saratov. Nroj tsuag" kuj yog qhov dav thiab nthuav heev. Yog li, tsab thib ob suav nrog 286 hom nroj tsuag, ntawm 1 yog cov tsev neeg ntawm lichens, 14 mosses, 3 club mosses, 10 ferns, 2 hom gymnosperms thiab 256 angiosperms, nrog rau 20 subspecies ntawm fungi. Tsob ntoo thiab tsob ntoo yog sawv cev los ntawm downy birch, Austrian broom, dub cotoneaster. Ntawm qhov kev txaus siab yog cov nroj tsuag tshuaj ntawm Phau Ntawv Liab: Volga adonis, angelica, uas yog suav tias yog tshuaj, tshuaj lom hemlock. Ntau hom hniav zoo nkauj yog cov tsis tshua muaj: sab qaum teb wrestler, 11 hom astragalus, cornflowers (muaj tsawg kawg yog plaub hom subspecies), nrog rau tag nrho cov orchids ntawm thaj av, lees paub tias yog qus,palmate cag thiab tsob ntoo tshwj xeeb ntawm steppe - barnyard.

Phau Ntawv Liab ntawm thaj av Saratov qhia peb txog cov hom tsis tshua muaj ferns: poj niam kochedyzhnik, semilunar grapevine thiab lwm yam. Qhov no kuj suav nrog cov qoob loo loj hlob qus: uas nws ci, serpentine splayed.

Nyob rau thaj chaw tshwj xeeb

Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb hauv cheeb tsam Saratov tau them rau kev tiv thaiv cov noog xws li qw nrov nrov, tyuvik, crane (Belladonna), nrog rau cov uas tau teev tseg ua ntej me ntsis. Phau Ntawv Liab ntawm thaj av Saratov suav nrog 14 hom noog ntawm cov tsiaj nyeg, nrog rau cov dav dawb hau hiav txwv, cov tsiaj nyeg, griffon vulture, gyrfalcon thiab ntau lwm tus. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshaj tawm Phau Ntawv Liab yog qhov siab heev.

Tsiaj ntawm thaj av Saratov, teev nyob rau hauv Phau Ntawv Liab, yog nyob rau hauv kev tswj hwm ntawm Tsoom Fwv cheeb tsam, uas tsim lub hauv paus ntawm tag nrho cov niaj hnub kev ua ub no nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam.