Cannonball: keeb kwm thiab hom

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:47

Thawj cov phom phom tau tsim nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm - tsuas yog tom qab ntawd lub pob zeb phom tsis yog ua los ntawm hlau, tab sis yog ib lub pob zeb zoo tib yam ntawm ntau dua lossis tsawg dua. Tom qab ntawd, nrog lub advent ntawm cannons, cov cores pib cam khwb cia los ntawm molten hlau nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug khoom cam khwb cia puag ncig lub cev. Cov cores yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws projectiles rau rhuav tshem cov ntoo decks ntawm ships los yog rau ntaus ib tug nyob yeeb ncuab.

Cannonball

Cannonballs yog ib qho ntawm thawj qhov projectiles siv hauv phom. Nrog rau lawv tsuas yog tua thiab buckshot. Tab sis lub nucleus pib nws keeb kwm nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm. Pob zeb shells pib siv nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm rau mechanical artillery. Thawj cannonballs uas tau tsim tshwj xeeb rau cov cannons tau zoo ib yam li cov tshuab pov pob zeb. Xws li cov cores tau ua los ntawm cov pob zeb ua tiav, thiab cov neeg tua phom sim muab cov khoom ib puag ncig tsis yog los ntawm hewing (kom tsis txhob muaj pob thiab bevels, uas cuam tshuam rau txoj kev ya dav hlau), tab sis nyob rau hauv txoj kev nthuav dav - nrog kev pab ntawmhlua wrapping. Tsis ntev tom qab ntawd, cov pob zeb pob zeb tau pib hloov los ntawm cov hlau lead, uas tam sim ntawd tau nthuav dav ntawm cov tub rog riam phom.

Calibration

Nyob rau xyoo pua 15th, cov cores tau pib los ntawm cam khwb cia hlau. Lawv qhov hnyav hnyav tau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau qhov ntev ntawm rab phom phom - nws tuaj yeem ua rau nws nce mus txog 20 calibers. Thaum pib, lub caliber tsis tau muab ntau qhov tseem ceeb - thaum them nyiaj, qhov tseem ceeb yog rau cov tub ntxhais kom haum rau hauv lub phom phom, tab sis seb nws yuav zoo li qub lossis me me - nws tsis muaj teeb meem. Gunsmiths sai sai tuaj mus rau qhov xaus hais tias qhov ceev thiab trajectory ntawm cannonball ncaj qha nyob ntawm txoj cai caliber. Nws yog ces hais tias thawj calibration scale tshwm. Qhov no ua rau nws tuaj yeem hloov qhov loj ntawm cov tub ntxhais mus rau lub chim ntawm rab phom, ua kom nws me me.

Ua tsaug rau cov kev hloov pauv no, cov tub ntxhais tau txais lub zog siab tshaj plaws thaum lub sijhawm tawg ntawm cov hmoov phom, ya tawm mus rau qhov siab tshaj plaws. Qhov no yog li cas lub cannonball pib txhim kho los ntawm cov tub rog sab.

Kernel device

Tsawg tus neeg paub tias cov phom phom muaj ntau yam khoom siv. Ua tib zoo saib - hauv qee cov yeeb yaj kiab keeb kwm, cov phom phom tsis yog tawg ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev lossis sab ntawm lub nkoj, nws kuj tawg. Tsis txhob nkim lub pob phom loj thiab lub foob pob ntawm tib lub cev. Qhov txawv yog tias lub foob pob yog hollow sab hauv. Cov hmoov phom tau ntim rau hauv nws, thiab ib lub wick raug tshem tawm ntawm lub qhov tshwj xeeb. Lub fuse tau teem rau hluav taws, lub cannon tua ib tug projectile, thiab ntawm kev sib cuag nrog nto nws tawg.

Tab sis tsis yog lub tshuab foob pob hluav taws xwb ob peb centuries dhau los. Hardened cannonballs tau dav siv hauv kev ua tub rog. Lub foob pob tsis tas yuav tawg thaum lub sijhawm, qee zaum lub fuse hlawv tawm sab xis ntawm rab phom, rub nws sib nrug.

Dab tsi yog qhov kub kub kub?

Heated yog lub npe ntawm cov tub ntxhais, uas tau muab tso rau hauv qhov cub tshwj xeeb ua ntej tua. Qhov no tau ua tiav kom thaum cov tub ntxhais kub kub tsoo cov ntoo los yog lub lawj ntawm lub nkoj, cov ntoo yuav ntes hluav taws. Thiab xav txog seb qhov tshwm sim yog li cas yog tias cov hlau kub kub poob rau hauv ib lub thoob ntawm rab phom. Ib me ntsis tom qab, cov cores tau txais kev pom zoo dua. Cov hlau me me tau muab tais rau hauv cov hlau meshes tshwj xeeb. Thaum lub sij hawm tawg, lub mesh tau torn. Thiab cov pob, zoo li cov mos txwv, tawg mus rau hauv cov lus qhia sib txawv, uas ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj ntau dua thiab raug mob. Tsuas yog qhov tsis yooj yim uas tau ntsib los ntawm cov neeg tua yog qhov tsis sib xws. Yog hais tias lub muzzle ntawm cannon tilted down, lub cannonball yuav dov tawm mus rau lub shooter nyob rau hauv lawv txhais taw. Vim li no, thaum xub thawj, cov tub rog coob leej tuag, uas tsuas yog tsis muaj sijhawm khiav rov qab mus rau qhov chaw nyab xeeb. Tsis ntev no qhov teeb meem no tau daws nrog kev pab tshwj xeeb props - wads.

Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm cov foob pob thiab cov phiaj xwm?

Qhov txawv ntawm cov foob pob thiab cov phiaj xwm yooj yim yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Ua ntej, qhov hnyav ntawm cannonball tau muab coj los rau hauv tus account - qhov hnyav dua (thiab cov cannonballs sib txawv kiag li hauv qhov hnyav - los ntawm 2 kilograms mus rau ob peb puas), qhov kev puas tsuaj ntau dua yuav xav tau los ntawm nws. Outwardly paub qhov twg lub grenade yog, thiab qhov twglub hauv paus, nws yog ua tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub pob ntseg rau qhov yooj yim ntawm kev thauj khoom, uas tau ua tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub foob pob. Grenades tau siv tshwj xeeb rau kev tua ntawm cov yeeb ncuab, nrog rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov vaj tse. Cov foob pob kuj tau rhuav tshem cov fortresses, ships los yog phab ntsa ntawm lub nroog besieged. Incendiary projectiles sai sai hloov cov phom liab-kub cannonballs. Lub foob pob tau ntim nrog qhov sib tov sib xyaw, txuas nrog cov hlua tshwj xeeb, thiab lim tau tawm.

me ntsis txog cores

Yog li, peb tau kawm tias tus qauv ntawm rab phom phom yog dab tsi. Nws tuaj yeem yog monolithic, hollow, ntim, ntim nrog cov khoom sib tov sib xyaw. Peb kuj tau kawm tias cov plhaub txawv ntawm cov qauv thiab qhov hnyav. Thiab cannonballs (duab ntawm qhov sib txawv nyob ntawm lub teb chaws) yog ib qho ntawm cov cim ntawm kev hais lus. Ntawm lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab ntawm cov chav kawm sib txawv, lawv tau piav qhia los ntawm ob peb lub cores mus rau qhov zoo nkauj folded pyramid ntawm plhaub.

Qhov tseeb nthuav muaj xws li hauv qab no. Cov cores dag nyob ze ntawm nto moo Tsar Cannon hnyav txog ob tons txhua. Tau kawg, koj tsis tuaj yeem tua lawv, vim lawv muaj qhov khoob hauv.

Tab sis nyob rau hauv Czech koom pheej, ib tug cannonball tau khaws cia uas tau daig nyob rau hauv lub phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev los ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm Tsov rog Xya xyoo. Lub plhaub yog npog nrog xeb, tab sis tsis muaj leej twg yuav coj lub relics tawm ntawm lub tsev. Tab sis tsis ntev dhau los - tsuas yog ob peb centuries dhau los - luminous nuclei tau tsim. Cov plhaub tau ntim nrog cov hmoov dawb dawb, thiab thaum lawv ya nruab nrab ntawm hmo ntuj, lawv pom tau meej heev.