rab riam tsaws yog nyob rau qeb ntawm riam phom txiav. Nws yog ua ke nrog ib tug hniav nrog ib tug hniav thiab ib tug kov. Niaj hnub nimno alloys nyob rau hauv kev sib sau ua ke nrog cov ntsiab lus alloyed thiab cov khoom tsis yog xim hlau ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tsim cov kev hloov kho ntawm ntau lub zog thiab lub hom phiaj. Ib pawg tshwj xeeb suav nrog ntau hom kev sib ntaus sib tua rau kev ua haujlwm nqaim uas tau dhau los ntawm lub zog ntawm cov kev xaiv ib txwm muaj
Liab riam sling cutter
Tus qauv qhia tshwj xeeb yog cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb rau kev txiav cov hlua, siv hlua, hlua thiab hlua. Raws li txoj cai, nws yog nruab nrog ib tug hniav nrog lub pob zeb diamond-puab concave configuration. Ntxoov ua rau txoj kev serrated.
Hom riam phom no tau tsim nyob rau hauv 30s ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem dhau los ua cov cuab yeej pabcuam rau cov tub rog. Nws pab paratroopers tshem ntawm ib qho tsis qhib los yog tangled canopy. Hauv qhov no, qhov kev hloov kho no tau dhau los ua ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov mos txwv hauv feem ntau ntawm cov tub rog ntawm lub ntiaj teb lub xeev.
keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim cov hlua khi
Parachutes tau siv dav hauv cov neeg caij dav hlau thaum ntxov 20sxyoo dhau los. Tshaj li ntawm 10 xyoo, ntau yam kev txhim kho thiab kev hloov kho tshiab tau tsim tawm uas tsis muaj kev ntseeg siab. Rau kev txhob txwm dhia, lawv pib siv hauv 30s.
Piv txwv li, cov qauv parachute hauv Nazi lub teb chaws Yelemees muaj qhov ua tsis tau sai ntawm kev sib sau ua ke los ntawm kev kho qhov ntev ntawm cov kab. Nyob rau hauv no hais txog, fighters nyob rau hauv gusty cua feem ntau pom lawv tus kheej nyob rau hauv ib tug tsis xis nyob txoj hauj lwm thaum lawv raug dragged raws hauv av thiab overturned. Lub riam tsaws tso cai rau nws tus kheej kom dawb, muaj qhov loj me thiab qhov hnyav. Thawj qhov kev hloov kho yog Kappmmesser sling cutter thiab FKM cutter. Kev siv ntau ntawm lawv tau pib hauv xyoo 1937. Cov qauv no tau paub txog lawv cov kav ntev thiab siv tau yooj yim, ua rau lawv nrov thoob plaws ntiaj teb.
German wartime landing riam
Thawj ob qhov kev hloov kho ntawm cov riam phom hauv nqe lus nug tau tsim ua ntej kawg ntawm Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob. Ntawm cov yam ntxwv - lub xub ntiag ntawm cov khoom siv clamping ntawm lub tsho, tso cai rau koj tso riam rau ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khaub ncaws (shaft, siv, tunic). Hom kev nqa no tau dhau los ua qauv qauv ntawm txoj kev niaj hnub ntawm kev thauj khoom zoo li no.
Thawj qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm M-1937 tau tsim los ntawm 1937 txog 1941, tus qauv tsim zoo ib yam li cov cwj mem classic nrog tus qauv hniav thiab lub ntsej muag poob. Nws tau fastened nrog tooj liab rivets rau ib tug walnut los yog ntoo qhib kov. Nws muaj ib tug bracket rau kho txoj hlua. Nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm taug kev, cov hniav tau muab tso rau hauv sab hauv ntawm tus kov.
Kawm nthuavLub cutter tsis tas yuav siv zog ntau. Ua li no, nrog ib txhais tes lawv nias lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav latch nyob rau sab nraum qab ntawm tus kov, tilted lub cuab yeej rau pem hauv ntej thiab ua ib qho kev viav vias khaus. German tsaws riam unfolded nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm lub ntiajteb txawj nqus. Tom ntej no nias ntawm lub xauv khawm thiab tig lub cuab tam upside down kom nws folding. Xws li kev hloov pauv tau dhau los ua qhov laj thawj rau nws cov npe ("inertial" lossis "gravitational").
Ntse
Cov hniav ntawm riam tsaws yog ua los ntawm npib tsib xee-plated stainless hlau. Nws ntev yog 105 los yog 107 millimeters, lub thickness ntawm lub taub qab yog 4.0-4.2 hli. Cov qauv tsim yog hom tsis sib cais, lawv kuj tseem nco ntsoov lub zog siab ntawm cov khoom siv thiab tsis kam tiv thaiv corrosion. Hniav configuration - xub-puab, pob taws ntawm sab xis yog nruab nrog ib tug lateral longitudinal protrusion.
Tus tsim ntawm riam phom suav nrog ib pawg hauv daim ntawv ntawm awl, tsom mus rau unraveling slings thiab knots, nrhiav mines. Cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb yog nyob rau hauv lub folding compartment (ntev - 93 mm). Cov khoom no tsis tau nruab nrog lub ntsuas phoo, nws tau tuav hauv txoj haujlwm qhib siv lub pob taws hauv daim ntawv Askiv tsab ntawv Z. Cov riam tau nqa ntawm lub hnab tshwj xeeb ntawm cov ris tsho hauv qab lub hauv caug ntawm cov khoom siv.
Txhawm rau tshem tawm cov riam phom, tus neeg tua hluav taws yuav tsum tshem cov nyees khawm thiab tshem tawm riam phom los ntawm txoj hlua, uas tau kho nrog ib ntug ntawm tus kov, thiab lwm yam - rau lub tsho. Xws li cov txheej txheem ua kom nws tuaj yeem khaws cov cuab yeej sai sai, thaum tib lub sijhawm lav nws txoj kev nyab xeeb. Lub ntsiab tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom raug suav hais tias yog lub caij nplooj ntoos hlavlub fuse uas feem ntau ua tsis tau thiab tsim cov yam ntxwv uas cuam tshuam kev tu hauv thaj chaw.
Kev hloov kho tom ntej
Thawj qhov kev tsaws riam, daim duab hauv qab no, yog tsim los ntawm Paul Weyersberg & Co thiab SMF, raws li muaj pov thawj los ntawm cov khoom lag luam sib xws ntawm cov hniav. Qhov thib ob tiam ntawm kev txiav txim siab riam phom M-1937 tau tsim los ntawm 1941 txog 1945. Kev hloov kho muaj ntau yam kev hloov kho dua tshiab, tau hloov pauv tau yooj yim rau hauv cov khoom yam tsis tas siv cov khoom siv ntxiv, yooj yim los ntxuav, muaj kev ruaj ntseg siab, mus txog kev hloov cov hniav tawg.
Tsis tas li ntawd, vim qhov txo qis ntawm cov nyiaj txiag vim muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua, cov khoom siv tsis tau coated nrog cov nickel muaj pes tsawg leeg, es tsis txhob siv cov oxide txheej. Versions ntawm 44-45 xyoo yog ua los ntawm carbon blued steel. Qhov no tau tshwm sim rau sab nrauv ntawm riam (tus neeg saib xyuas thiab tus tuav tau txawv ntawm cov xim tsaus). Ob peb qhov kev hloov pauv ntxiv muaj feem xyuam rau cov tuam ntxhab. Lawv cov kab tau rov ua dua los ntawm lub tuam txhab E. A. Heibig, thiab cov npe tau muab tso rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub Hoobkas code. Lub sijhawm ntawd, cov riam phom no tau los ua ib feem ntawm cov mos txwv ntawm cov tub rog tub rog, cov tub rog tank thiab German Navy.
Analogues
Tus neeg tua hluav taws rab riam los ntawm cov tuam txhab German tau dhau los ua qhov ua tau zoo thiab muaj txiaj ntsig, nrog rau qhov ntawd, cov chaw ntawm lwm lub tebchaws tau pib tsim cov hlua hlais, kho cov khoom kom haum rau cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb. Ntawm lwm cov tuam txhab tom qab Germans, thawj yog lub tuam txhab Askiv George Ibberson &Co. Tus qauv yog ib qho yuav luag zoo ib yam ntawm German counterpart ntawm tiam thib ob.
Qhov txawv ntawm Wehrmacht tsaws riam yog tus kov, cov khoom uas yog fiberglass nrog embossed kab txaij. Cov riam phom yog npaj rau tshwj xeeb units ntawm Britain. Tam sim no, cov khoom zoo li no muaj tsawg heev. Raws li qee cov lus ceeb toom, tag nrho cov kev hloov kho uas muaj nyob rau hauv North Hiav Txwv tom qab tsov rog.
Lwm tus paub lus Askiv zoo yog ib qho khoom siv rau cov tub rog hu ua Trois FS. Nws tau tsim los ntawm ob peb tus tswvcuab ntawm tub ceev xwm Shanghai, thiab lub ncov ntawm kev siv nquag poob rau xyoo 1939-1945. Cov qauv no tau nrov nrog cov neeg Askiv "commandos" thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ua phem.
American variations
Txoj kev txhim kho riam phom kuj tseem ua haujlwm hauv cov tub rog Asmeskas. Cov lus piav qhia ntawm kev hloov kho M-2 yog muab hauv qab no:
- configuration - ib rab riam;
- nthuav tawm hom - tsis siv neeg nrog khawm;
- khoom siv - lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav-qib ua haujlwm raws li kev thaiv, lub bracket.
Thaum folded, lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav cantilever tau muab tso rau tom qab ntawm tus kov. Nws haum rau lub stopper, xauv los ntawm nias lub khawm. Tus tsim ntawm cov khoom kuj muaj xws li ib tug self-qhib stopper, uas yog ib tug slider configuration fuse. Cov riam phom tau hnav ntawm lub hauv siab ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb zuag qhia tag nrho.
Kev hloov kho ntawm M-2 tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm cov chav nyob hauv huab cuaTebchaws Asmeskas, pom zoo siv los ntawm pab pawg dav hlau nrog qee qhov kev hloov kho. Cov kev hloov kho tshiab tau hu ua MS-1, nws tau ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug folding version, nyob rau hauv lub rov qab sab uas ib tug nuv-zoo li tus sling cutter nrog ib tug concave ntsis tau muab. Txij li xyoo 1957, tus qauv no tau ua ib feem ntawm cov cuab yeej ntawm cov neeg tsav nkoj thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev thiab kev cawm dim.
Bayonets
Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau them rau tsaws bayonet-riam. Nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia no, ob peb variations tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub Soviet thiab Lavxias teb sab tub rog:
- Bayonet rau Mosin phom. Qhov riam phom melee txaus ntshai no ua rau muaj kev sib sib zog nqus tob thiab ua rau lub qhov txhab ntev ntev. Qhov no feature yog vim lub tetrahedral zoo ntawm rab koob thiab ib tug me me inlet, uas ua rau nws tsis yooj yim sua rau realistically ntsuam xyuas qhov tob thiab qhov hnyav ntawm qhov txhab.
- Bayonet rau AK (qauv 1949). Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias thawj Kalashnikov phom phom tsis tau nruab nrog bayonets txhua. Cov khoom "6 x 2" tsuas yog tshwm sim nyob rau hauv 1953, nws muaj ib tug hniav zoo tib yam rau cov analogue rau SVT-40 phom, txawm li cas los, nrog ib tug txawv locking mechanism. Feem ntau, kev tsim cov khoom lag luam tau ua tiav zoo heev.
- 1959 qauv bayonet. Qhov kev hloov kho rau AK-74 tau hloov nrog lub teeb yuag thiab ntau yam qauv raws li kev sim qauv tsim los ntawm Lieutenant Colonel Todorov.
AKM thiab AK-74 khoom (1978 thiab 1989)
Nkauj-hmoob-ntxhais-hnub qub 1978 tau dhau los ua hom kev hudaim npav ntawm USSR hauv kev ua tub rog. Kalashnikov phom phom yog paub thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb no, nyob rau hauv tej lub teb chaws nws yog txawm depicted nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab ntawm lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab (Zimbabwe, East Timor). Cov khoom yog tsim nyob rau hauv ib tug classic configuration rau nws ntu, multifunctional, tswv yim thiab txhim khu kev qha.
Lub xyoo 1989 yog qhov sib txawv kiag li bayonet teeb tsa los ntawm nws cov thawj coj. Cov duab ntawm cov hniav tau hloov pauv, raws li muaj cov khoom siv ntawm lub hillt thiab scabbard. Hom mounting kuj tau ua kom zoo dua qub, nyob ntawm txoj cai hauv lub dav hlau kab rov tav. Cov neeg tsim tawm ntseeg tias qhov hloov pauv ntawm cov hniav thiab txuas yuav zam cov hniav nres ntawm cov tav ntawm cov yeeb ncuab hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua.
VDV riam
Nyob rau hauv qhov kev taw qhia ntawm armament ntawm cov tub rog ntawm lub USSR thiab Lavxias teb sab Federation, ob peb lub tswv yim thiab txhim khu kev qha versions kuj raug sau tseg. Cov riam dav hlau tsaws yog sawv cev los ntawm kev hloov kho hauv qab no:
- Txoj sling cutter ntawm paratroopers ntawm USSR. Txawm hais tias siv cov khoom siv tau zoo heev rau kev txiav cov ntsiab lus ntawm tangled parachute, tus qauv kom meej meej belongs rau hom kev sib ntaus sib tua, thiab qhov hnyav heev ntawm qhov ntawd. Lub xub ntiag ntawm ob-sided pom ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua rau cov qhov txhab lacerated. Thiab yog hais tias koj sharpen lub blunt ib feem ntawm nplooj ntoos kawg ntawm cov hniav, koj tau txais ib tug tag nrho-fledged melee riam phom.
- Lavxias niaj hnub hloov kho - riam nrog tsis siv neeg pem hauv ntej ejection ntawm cov hniav, uas yog sharpened rau ob sab. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov piercing tseem tsis tuaj.
Tau kawg
Ntawm cov riam tshwj xeeb, muaj ntau ntxivcov neeg sawv cev. Qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws thiab txhim khu kev qha muaj xws li tshwj xeeb NKVD Finns, qauv rau kev sib tw, cov qauv rau cov tub rog tshwj xeeb ntawm Ministry of Internal Affairs, nrog rau cov hwm thiab cov kev hloov pauv tshwj xeeb ntawm Navy, marines thiab lwm yam tshwj xeeb rog. Tsis yog qhov chaw kawg yog nyob los ntawm kev tsaws riam-txoj hlua txiav, cov yam ntxwv thiab cov yam ntxwv uas tau hais saum toj no.
