Lub tswv yim no txhais tau hais tias kev tawm tsam ntawm ib pawg neeg sib raug zoo, lub hom phiaj yog los tawm tsam kev tawm tsam loj zuj zus, lossis txhawm rau rhuav tshem cov kev tawm tsam tshiab uas tau tsim los thiab, vim li ntawd, rov ua dua qub kev coj noj coj ua thiab kev nom kev tswv.
Kev xav hauv kev tshawb fawb
K. Marx tau sau tseg tias los ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob heev, kev hloov pauv ua rau muaj kev tawm tsam. Nyob rau hauv niaj hnub science, counter-revolution yog suav hais tias yog lub thib ob inevitable theem ntawm tag nrho cov revolutionary txheej txheem. Ib qho piv txwv meej tshaj plaws yog White Guard txav nyob rau tom qab kev tawm tsam Russia.
Cov neeg tawm tsam-kho tawm siv ntau hom kev tawm tsam:
- qhib, xws li kev tawm tsam, kev tawm tsam, kev cuam tshuam txawv teb chaws, kev tsov kev rog;
- hidden, xws li thaj av, thaiv, sabotage, kev ua phem.
Ntawm, tsis pub leejtwg paub txoj kev tawm tsam pib siv thaum muaj kev yeej ntawm kev sib raug zoo tshiab.
Kev tawm tsam yog dab tsi? Los ntawm K. Marx lub ntsiab lus, qhov no yog qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm cov chav kawm "tshem tawm" thiab lub siab xav ntawm cov chav kawm siv tshiab kom "tshem" lub kiv puag ncig uas nws twb tau ua lawm [vol. 20, p. 206].
Txhua yamhloov pauv kev tawm tsam, yog li tsis muaj kiv puag ncig yam tsis muaj kev tawm tsam.
Kev Tsov Rog Xyoo 1918-1922
Dab tsi yog contra? Qhov kev nkag siab zoo tshaj plaws thiab ze tshaj plaws rau cov pej xeem ntawm peb lub teb chaws, tau kawg, yog Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj Socialist Revolution ntawm 1917. Lub cardinal hloov pauv tau tawm tsam hnyav los ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov chav kawm raug tshem tawm. Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov nom tswv, cov tub ceev xwm, thiab cov neeg txawj ntse koom ua ke nyob rau hauv lub chij ntawm kev tawm tsam. Nyob rau hauv lub revolutionary ib puag ncig, nws yog precisely cov neeg no uas tsis xav kom hloov pauv.
Ib qho kev tawm tsam uas muaj npe nrov tshaj plaws yog kev tawm tsam ntawm Czechoslovak cov tub rog tub rog hauv xyoo 1918, uas ua rau muaj kev tsim ntawm Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Txhua Hnub thiab pib ua tub rog loj uas tau nce mus rau hauv pej xeem. war.
Lub yim hli ntuj 1918, cov Allied rog ntawm lub Entente (Great Britain, Fabkis, Ltalis) nkag mus rau sab qaum teb ntawm lub teb chaws. Cov kev ua ntawm Allied rog raug suav hais tias yog cov neeg keeb kwm niaj hnub no yog kev cuam tshuam.
Contra - yog dab tsi?
Tom qab kev swb ntawm Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib 1, cov koom haum tau hloov pauv lawv cov tub rog ncaj qha rau thaj chaw Lavxias rau kev pab nyiaj txiag. Qhov no yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm zais counter-revolutionary ua. Tebchaws Meskas tau muab kev pabcuam nyiaj txiag, muab qiv nyiaj; Fabkis thiab Askiv xa riam phom thiab mos txwv. Ntawm cov neeg, cov phooj ywg ntawm White Guard txav tau hu ua "contra".
Keeb Kwm paub cov piv txwv ntawm kev rov qab los ib ntus ntawm cov qub kev tswj hwm los ntawm kev tawm tsam kev tawm tsam, piv txwv li, Kev Txhim Kho ntawm Stuarts hauv tebchaws Askiv ntawm xyoo pua 17th thiab Bourbons hauv Fabkis ntawm xyoo pua 18th.
Qee cov neeg sawv cev tam sim no ntawm cov neeg communist nrog rau cov kev tawm suab thiab cov tog neeg xav txog kev hloov pauv ntawm 90s ntawm lub xyoo pua XX, uas ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm tag nrho cov nom tswv tswj hwm nrog kev npaj kev lag luam rau kev ywj pheej nrog kev lag luam kev lag luam., raws li ib tug counter-revolution thiab restoration ntawm lub qub, pre-revolutionary xeev system. Tab sis qhov no, tau kawg, yog lawv cov kev xav, uas tsis tau dhau qhov kev sim ntawm lub sijhawm.
