Deserts of Egypt: npe, piav qhia nrog duab

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:46

Ncig mus rau tim lyiv teb chaws yuav ua rau muaj kev txaus siab rau cov kiv cua ntawm kev ua kis las huab cua thiab cov neeg uas txaus siab rau qhov txawv txav txawv txawv thiab xav taug txuj kev nyuaj. Thaum mus xyuas cov suab puam ntawm tim lyiv teb chaws, koj yuav caij cov ntxhuav nyob rau hauv txoj kev caravan, mus saib cov pyramids, tej zaum txawm pom ib qho txuj ci tseem ceeb - oasis nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov xuab zeb hiav txwv. Los ntawm kab lus no koj yuav tau txais cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov suab puam Egypt.

yam ntxwv dav dav

Feem ntau ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Iyiv yog npog nrog cov suab puam. Nyob rau sab hnub poob yog Libyan thiab Great Sandy Deserts, uas feem ntau yog ntaus nqi rau thaj tsam Sahara. Nyob rau sab hnub tuaj yog Arabian Desert, uas nyob thaj tsam loj ntawm Nile thiab Hiav Txwv Liab. Nyob rau sab qab teb, koj tuaj yeem mus xyuas Nubian Desert, nyob rau thaj tsam ciam teb ntawm Egypt nrog Sudan. Nyob rau Sinai Peninsula, nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm lub xeev, kuj muaj suab puam.

Egypt yog lub tebchaws arid uas xav tsis thoob nrog cov dej ntws qhuav. Tab sisyeej muaj txoj sia nyob no! Qhov tseeb nthuav yog tias tsuas yog 10% ntawm thaj chaw Egyptian tam sim no nyob. Qhov feem pua me me no poob rau ntawm Nile Delta, lub ntug dej hiav txwv fertile ntawm tus dej no thiab Suez Canal. Qhov seem 90% ntawm thaj chaw nyiam hermits, nomads, tsis ntshai mus ncig thiab ntxhuav.

Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj muaj hmoo, koj yuav pom oases nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov suab puam hauv tebchaws Iziv. Nyob rau hauv cov chaw zoo nkauj no, cov dej kub thiab txias, dej tshiab thiab ntxhia dej tuaj. Hauv av muaj cov dej hauv av, thiab hauv oases lawv tau txais lub sijhawm los mus rau saum npoo. Nws yog qhov pom tej yam yees siv.

Sugar

Ua ntej, peb yuav tsum tham txog Sahara, vim hais tias lub npe ntawm cheeb tsam no paub rau txhua tus. Cov suab puam Sahara nyob rau tim lyiv teb chaws yog ib pawg ntawm cov xuab zeb, uas feem ntau nyob hauv thaj tsam ntawm kaum lub teb chaws ntawm African continent, uas yog, 7700 txhiab km². Tag nrho cov suab puam uas yuav tham tom qab yog ib feem ntawm Sahara.

Climatic tej yam kev mob

Cov suab puam hauv tebchaws Iziv lub npe yog dab tsi, koj yuav kawm me ntsis tom qab. Tam sim no peb yuav tham txog kev nyab xeeb ntawm Sahara. Lub cheeb tsam muaj huab cua sov thiab subtropical. Kub nce siab heev uas lawv ncav cuag +58 ° C, uas yog qhov kub siab tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Cov dej nag yuav tsis poob rau ntau xyoo, thiab tom qab ntawd evaporate yam tsis tau kov qhov chaw. Tab sis cua ntawm no yog ib qho tshwm sim tsis tu ncua. Nws ceev ncav cuag 50 m / s. Nws muaj peev xwm tsa tau cua daj cua dub uas muaj zog tshaj plaws. Thaj chaw suab puam yog tus yam ntxwv muaj zogkub hloov pauv. Thaum nruab hnub nws tuaj yeem kub tshaj +30 ° C, thiab hmo ntuj tus pas ntsuas kub qhia 0 °С.

Flora thiab fauna

Cov zaub tsis sib npaug thoob plaws thaj chaw suab puam, vim tias cov kab mob muaj sia xav tau dej noo. Yog li ntawd, feem ntau cov nroj tsuag tuaj yeem pom hauv oases: cov no yog ferns, ficuses, cypresses, xerophytes, cacti, acacias.

Ntau yam tsiaj nyob hauv Sahara. Lub fauna feem ntau sawv cev los ntawm nas, kab thiab noog. Nrog rau jerboas, gerbils thiab hamsters, me me chanterelles, antelopes, mongooses, jackals thiab ntxhuav muaj nyob ntawm no. Ntau cov tsiaj reptiles. Sim kom tsis txhob saib lizards, horned vipers thiab xuab zeb epha.

Libyan suab puam

thaj chaw no nyob thaj chaw loj nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm Sahara. Vim nws qhov loj me, cov suab puam nyob rau peb lub xeev ib zaug: Libya, Sudan thiab Egypt. Nws cheeb tsam, raws li cov ntaub ntawv tshiab tshaj plaws, ncav cuag 1934 km², uas muab nws tso rau hauv qhov chaw thib ob ntawm qhov loj hauv ntiaj teb.

Cov suab puam no tau tsim nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Iyiv los ntawm lub toj siab pob zeb, uas tig mus rau ntawm Hiav Txwv Mediterranean. Lub toj siab yog tag nrho cov xuab zeb, thiab tsis zoo tib yam, tab sis quicksand. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam no uas lub Great Sand Hiav Txwv nyob, uas yog suav hais tias yog qhov chaw qis tshaj plaws ntawm tag nrho cov teb chaws! Muaj kev nyuaj siab ntawm no, qhov tob uas ncav cuag 113 meters (peb tab tom tham txog kev nyuaj siab ntawm Qattara nrog thaj tsam ntawm 18,000 m²).

Arabian suab puam

thaj chaw no,tag nrho cov xuab zeb, ncab ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv Liab thiab tus dej Nile. Nws yooj yim hla mus rau Nubian suab puam nyob rau sab qab teb Egypt. Nws nyob ntawm thaj chaw ntawm thaj chaw dav dav, ntawm qhov siab ntawm 600 m. Qhov kev nplij siab ntawm cov suab puam Egyptian yog heterogeneous: piv txwv li, cov roob tuaj yeem pom nyob rau sab hnub tuaj. Qhov chaw no yog qhov txaus ntshai heev rau cov tsiaj nyob, raws li nws paub txog kev puas tsuaj rau plua plav cua daj cua dub, cua daj cua dub, txav cov xuab zeb, dunes. Thaum nruab hnub nws kub heev ntawm no, thiab hmo ntuj, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, nws yog txias, thaum huab cua qhuav heev thiab sultry. Dej nag yuav tsis poob rau ntau xyoo. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm nyob ntawm no koj tuaj yeem nrhiav tau lub neej: cereals thiab shrubs loj hlob nyob rau hauv ob peb lub hav.

Nubian suab puam

Lwm suab puam ntawm tim lyiv teb chaws nyob thaj chaw zoo nkauj. Nws txuas mus rau ciam teb nrog Sudan thiab txuas ntxiv hauv lub tebchaws no. Nws raug cais tawm ntawm cov dej ntawm Hiav Txwv Liab nto moo los ntawm ib lub roob hu ua Etbay. Nubian suab puam raug suav hais tias yog ib qho loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Ib yam li lwm cov suab puam hauv tebchaws Iziv (lawv cov npe tau nthuav tawm hauv peb tsab xov xwm), nws nyob ntawm lub toj siab pob zeb nrog txoj kab nqes me ntsis ntawm hiav txwv.

Nws txoj kev nyem yog heterogeneous thiab yog sawv cev los ntawm cov pob zeb qub qub nyob rau sab hnub tuaj thiab cov xuab zeb nrawm rau sab hnub poob. Kuj tseem muaj cov pas dej uas tau qhuav rau yav dhau los. Dej nag tsis tshua muaj thiab tsis tshua muaj siab tshaj 25 mm Hg. Art. hauv xyoo. Kev nthuav dav ntawm Nubian suab puam tau tso kev tsheb ciav hlau thiab txoj kev loj.

Flora thiab fauna ntawm Nubian Desert

XyaumTsis muaj cov nroj tsuag: tsuas yog cereals, pos thiab shrubs ciaj sia nyob rau hauv xws li mob hnyav. Cov tsiaj ntiaj teb no tsuas yog sawv cev los ntawm cov tsiaj reptiles. Ntawm cov xuab zeb, yog tias koj saib ze, koj tuaj yeem pom cov kab ntawm lizards. Cov tsiaj reptiles loj nyob ntawm no ze ntawm skinks thiab agamas. Thaum tsaus ntuj, kev ua haujlwm ntawm kab thiab arachnids nce. Tsis txhob xav tsis thoob yog tias koj tshwm sim ntawm tarantulas, scorpions lossis scarabs, uas yog cov cim ntawm Egypt.

Sinai suab puam

Nov yog ib qho ntawm cov suab puam zoo nkauj tshaj plaws nyob hauv Egypt. Nws nyob ntawm Sinai Peninsula. Nws txoj kev pab yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws: At-Tikh toj siab nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov suab puam yog surrounded los ntawm dunes nyob rau sab qaum teb, ntse pob zeb thiab granite roob nyob rau sab qab teb. Lawv peaks nce siab saum hiav txwv theem los ntawm 2637 m thiab nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw yog nyob ib sab ntawm cov tiaj tiaj.

Koj tuaj yeem pom ntawm no cov duab pob zeb khov, pob zeb loj ntawm ntau yam duab, nrog rau cov ntoo stunted. Tag nrho cov no yog surrounded los ntawm ib tug boundless sandy hiav txwv. Lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv lub Sinai suab puam tsis paub txhais tes ntawm tib neeg, yog li ntawd koj yuav tsis pom ib yam dab tsi ntawm kev txawj ntse lub neej ntawm no. Qee lub sij hawm muaj me me oases thiab qhov dej. Vim muaj huab cua kub hnyav, Sinai Peninsula tau nyiaj dhau kev sib ntaus sib tua thiab kev yeej.

Lub suab puam dawb hauv tebchaws Iziv tseem yog qhov chaw dawb huv rau ntau tus. Raws li phau Vajlugkub hais tias, Mauxes thiab nws cov tibneeg tau taug kev hla thaj av loj ntawm Sinai ceg av qab teb tau 40 xyoo. Cov neeg ncig tebchaws niaj hnub yuav tuaj yeem npaj lub tsheb kauj vab quad safari thiab caij tshebntxhuav.

Flora thiab fauna ntawm Sinai suab puam

Amazing nroj tsuag loj hlob hauv cheeb tsam no: lecanor thiab tamarix. Cov tom kawg secretes kua txiv qab zib, uas, tej zaum, yog heev "manna los saum ntuj ceeb tsheej" uas pub rau Mauxes. Nyob rau hauv lub roob koj tuaj yeem pom thickets ntawm hawthorn thiab pistachios. Tsis muaj ntau yam tsiaj nyob ntawm no: feem ntau muaj cov nas. Txawm li cas los xij, cov neeg muaj hmoo tuaj yeem pom Nubian tshis, hnov cov hu nkauj ntawm larks, thiab nrhiav tau ib lub zes ntawm cov noog suab puam. Tab sis nws zoo dua tsis mus nrhiav kev sib ntsib nrog tus dav dawb hau.