Lub tsev cia puav pheej ntawm keeb kwm ntawm cov cuab yeej mining yog ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb uas keeb kwm ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam metallurgical tau khaws cia txij li lub sijhawm ntawm Demidov tsev neeg nto moo. Ntawm ib qhov chaw koj tuaj yeem pom tias cov chaw tsim khoom zoo li cas thaum kaj ntug ntawm lawv cov tsos, lawv rho tawm lub zog ua haujlwm li cas nrog kev pab ntawm dej, thiab qhov kev hloov pauv tau tshwm sim thaum muaj hluav taws xob.
Demidov Metallurgy
Cov nroj tsuag-tsev cia puav pheej ntawm keeb kwm ntawm cov cuab yeej siv mining hauv Nizhny Tagil suav tias yog lub cim ntawm lub nroog thiab ib qho ntawm qhov pom txawv tshaj plaws. Tsis muaj kev lag luam zoo li no nyob qhov twg hauv ntiaj teb. Niaj hnub no lub tsev khaws puav pheej yog ib feem ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb Gornozavodskoy Ural cia.
Tom tau tsiv mus rau Urals, Demidovs nquag coj los txhim kho metallurgy, muab cov tub rog nrog riam phom tsim nyog. Xyoo 1715, cov phom loj thiab cov phom phom uas tsim los ntawm Demidov pib muab rau Admir alty, thiab los ntawm xyoo tom ntej, cov neeg yuav khoom tau pom txawv teb chaws. Thawj Tagil cog tau tsimAkinfiy Demidov nyob rau hauv 1722, thiab nyob rau hauv 1725 ib tug enterprise twb launched nyob rau hauv Nizhny Tagil, nws tau los ua tus loj tshaj plaws metallurgical cog nyob rau hauv Russia.
Hlau los ntawm Demidov cov chaw tsim khoom tau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo li Lavxias sable pluab. Xav kom hais txog qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom, cov tswv muab lub npe "Old Sable" rau cov khoom ntawm lawv cov factories. Thoob plaws hauv lub xyoo pua XVIII, cov nroj tsuag hauv Nizhny Tagil tau suav nrog hauv cov npe ntawm cov tuam txhab loj tshaj plaws hauv Tebchaws Europe. Kev lag luam kiv puag ncig yuam cov tswv kom hloov kho lawv cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis ob zaug, qhov kawg tau ua tiav thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th.
Nyob rau tiam 20
Tom qab teb chaws, cov nroj tsuag tau txais lub npe ntawm Kuibyshev. Thaum lub sij hawm Tsov Rog Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb, cov nroj tsuag tau tsim cov khoom lag luam rau cov kev xav tau ntawm lub hauv ntej. Txij li thaum nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, lub tuam txhab tau xyaum poob nws qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam, thiab cov nroj tsuag tau kaw tag nrho hauv xyoo 1987. Los ntawm lub sijhawm no, thaj chaw ntawm kev lag luam yog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub nroog, nws tsis tuaj yeem nthuav dav thaj chaw, thiab kev lag luam emissions ua txhaum tag nrho cov txheej txheem ib puag ncig.
Lub Demidov cog hauv Nizhny Tagil tau ua haujlwm zoo rau 262 xyoo, uas yog hom ntaub ntawv. Tag nrho lwm cov lag luam nrhiav tau nyob ib ncig ntawm tib lub sijhawm tsis ua haujlwm tom qab ob lossis peb xyoo lawm. Tom qab kaw cov nroj tsuag, nws tau npaj kom huv si tag nrho thaj chaw, rhuav tshem cov tsev, thiab xa cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab. Hmoov zoo, cov tub ceev xwm hauv nroog txiav txim siab hloov nws mus rau lubReserve "Gornozavodskoy Ural".
Kev piav qhia
Cov nroj tsuag-tsev cia puav pheej ntawm keeb kwm ntawm cov cuab yeej mining hauv Nizhny Tagil tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 1989. Nyob rau theem tam sim no, qhov chaw muaj kev lag luam tau mob siab rau keeb kwm ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm metallurgy raws li kev lag luam. Lub uniqueness ntawm lub sau yog nyob rau hauv lub fact tias nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam koj muaj peev xwm taug qab lub ntsiab lub sij hawm ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm ferrous metallurgy tuam txhab uas muag, uas tau ploj mus los ntawm kev siv lub zog ntawm cov dej ntog mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub chav cav thiab hloov mus rau kev siv hluav taws xob. Tsis tas li ntawd, cog-tsev cia puav pheej yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev lag luam classic Ural.
Ntau tshaj 400 qhov khoom pov thawj tau sau rau ntawm thaj chaw ntawm cov nroj tsuag-tsev cia puav pheej ntawm keeb kwm ntawm cov khoom siv mining. Muaj rau expositions thiab peb mus tas li exhibitions. Ntawm qhov kev txaus siab tshaj plaws, los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm keeb kwm, yog qhov nthuav qhia txog kev tawg-qhov cub thiab qhib-hearth ntau lawm, thiab lub zog sector. Ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm lub tsev cia puav pheej qhib yog lub tuam txhab hydraulic system, uas muaj lub pas dej, lub pas dej nrog lub pas dej, lub xauv thiab lub qhov hluav taws xob dej - qhov system no tseem ua haujlwm.
Lub tshuab hluav taws xob tawg, qhib-hearth, dov thiab forging khw tau khaws cia zoo. Ntau lub tsev nyob hauv thaj chaw ntawm cov nroj tsuag-tsev cia puav pheej ntawm keeb kwm ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tsuas yog ntau tshaj 150 xyoo txij li lub sijhawm tsim kho thiab suav tias yog monuments ntawm industrial architecture. Niaj hnub no, lub tsev khaws puav pheej nthuav qhia cov khoom siv los ntawm ntau pua xyoo, uas muab cov duab ua tiav ntawm cov theem ntawm kev ua haujlwm tshiab hauv kev lag luam.
Tours
Ua tiav koj tuaj yeem tau mus ncig ua si rau tsob ntoo-tsev cia puav pheej ntawm keeb kwm ntawm cov cuab yeej mining hauv lub caij sov. Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav mus ncig ua si kom paub, ib tug ua ntej kev txiav txim rau mus saib lub exposition raws li ib feem ntawm ib pab pawg neeg ntawm 10-15 neeg yuav tsum tau. Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 14 xyoos raug tso cai hauv tsev cia puav pheej nrog tus neeg laus. Thaum mus ncig xyuas, tus kws tshaj lij qhia txog keeb kwm ntawm tsev neeg Demidov, nrog rau txhua yam khoom thiab lub tsev ntawm lub complex. Tus nqi ntawm kev ncig xyuas yog los ntawm 250 rubles rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv mus rau 600 rubles rau cov neeg laus.
Yog tias ib tus neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws nyiam qhov kev xav dav dav, ces cov neeg nyob hauv zos tau qhia kom kuaj xyuas qee yam khoom siv los ntawm tus choj taug kev, uas hu ua "humped". Nws yog nteg nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam ntawm lub tsev cia puav pheej complex, los ntawm cov neeg mus ncig tebchaws muaj ib tug saib ntawm ntau lawm chaw thiab rhiav, mechanisms, tshuab, ib tug railway kab thiab ntau ntxiv.
Qee yam ntawm cov khoom siv tau tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas los ntawm sab ntawm lub pas dej, los ntawm no cov khw muag khoom dov thiab moj tej tawg tau pom zoo, cov khoom dov tau pom meej meej, thiab Cov Khoom Siv Dam tuaj yeem kov thiab hla los ntawm txhua sab. Qhov tsuas thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov kev tshuaj xyuas no yuav yog qhov tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog. Feem ntau ntawm cov khoom pov thawj tsis tau muab cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm, yog li ntawd, sib nrug los ntawm kev zoo nkauj zoo nkauj, yuav tsis muaj txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev mus ncig zoo li no. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau yam nthuav dav tau muab zais hauv qab phab ntsa ntawm thaj chaw thiab kev cob qhia, koj tuaj yeem mus txog qhov ntawd tsuas yog nrog kev qhia.
cov ntaub ntawv muaj txiaj ntsig
Lub qub Demidov cog hauv Nizhny Tagil nyob rauchaw nyob: Leni Avenue, tsev 1.
Lub sijhawm qhib ntawm tsob ntoo-tsev cia puav pheej ntawm keeb kwm ntawm cov khoom siv tsuas yog nyob ntawm lub sijhawm xyoo. Txij li thaum lub caij ntuj no qhov kub ntawm no poob rau -35 degrees Celsius, nws tsis tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntau rau kev mus ncig. Qhov kev nthuav tawm muaj rau cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi thaum lub Tsib Hlis 1 txog Lub Cuaj Hli 30 ntawm 10:00 txog 17:00 rau txhua hnub ntawm lub limtiam tshwj tsis yog hnub Monday (hnub so). Koj tuaj yeem mus rau qhov chaw los ntawm tram (No. 1, 12, 15, 3 lossis 17), tsheb npav (No. 104, 3 lossis 8), nrog rau cov tsheb tavxij (No. 16, 43, 49, 32). los yog 26).
Lub Gornozavodskoy Ural cia, ntxiv rau cov nroj tsuag-tsev cia puav pheej, suav nrog 9 ntau yam khoom siv kab lis kev cai thiab chaw tso nyiaj. Lub tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Nizhny Tagil qhib rau txhua tus, lawv txhua tus muaj cov kev sau ntau ntawm cov ntsiab lus tsis tshua muaj, cov ntaub ntawv kev mus ncig, cov kev kawm rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus, thiab kev tshawb fawb txog kev ua haujlwm.
