Cov dej loj ntawm Kuzbass: Tom, Kiya, Inya, Kondoma. Lake Berchikul: nthuav qhov tseeb

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 08:07

Kuzbass, raws li koj paub, yog lub npe tsis raug cai ntawm cheeb tsam Kemerovo. Qhov kev kawm ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation yog ib feem ntawm Siberian Federal District thiab yog thaj av uas muaj neeg nyob coob tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv Asia ntawm lub tebchaws. Nyob rau hauv peb tsab xov xwm peb yuav tham nyob rau hauv kom meej txog lub ntsiab dej ntawm Kuzbass. Tsis tas li ntawd, koj yuav kawm paub dab tsi ua rau lub pas dej loj tshaj plaws hauv cheeb tsam Kemerovo tshwj xeeb.

Rivers thiab pas dej ntawm Kuzbass: hydrography ntawm cheeb tsam

Hydrographic Network of Kemerovo cheeb tsam yog tuab heev thiab ceg, tab sis tsis sib luag. Nws yog sawv cev los ntawm ntau tus kwj deg ntawm ntau qhov ntev, nrog rau cov pas dej, swamps thiab reservoirs ntawm cov khoom tsim tawm. Tag nrho cov dej ntws ntawm Kuzbass yog nyob rau ntawm Ob lub phiab, thaj chaw dej hiav txwv uas yog thawj zaug hauv Russia.

Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, kwv yees li 32 txhiab dej ntws los ntawm cheeb tsam. Lawv tag nrho ntev tshaj 245,000 kilometers. Cov dej loj tshaj plaws ntawm Kuzbass muaj qhov pom tseeb ntawm thaj chaw: lawv ntws los ntawm sab qab teb mus rau sab qaum teb (saib daim duab qhia hauv qab).

Muaj 850 lub pas dej nyob hauv cheeb tsam Kemerovo. Feem ntau ntawm cov pas dej no nyob hauv cov dej nyab ntawm Ini thiab Kiya. Qhov loj tshaj plaws reservoir ntawm Kuzbass: Loj thiab me Berchikul, Shumilka, Mokhovoe. Kuj tseem muaj 65 pas dej alpine ntawm glacial keeb kwm nyob rau hauv toj siab ntawm Kuznetsk Alatau.

Main Rivers ntawm Kuzbass:

• Tom;
• Inya;
• Kiya;
• Yaya;
• Mrassu;
• Condoma;
• Chumysh;
• Sary-Chumysh;
• Lvl

Tom

Tom yog tus dej loj tshaj plaws ntawm Kuzbass hais txog qhov ntev thiab qhov chaw nkag, txoj cai ntawm Ob. Tag nrho qhov ntev ntawm txoj kev dej yog 827 km, nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam Kemerovo - 596 km. Nyob rau hauv nws sab sauv, Tom yog lub roob hav dej uas muaj pob zeb ntug dej, ntau nrawm thiab rifts. Ib zaug nyob rau hauv lub Kuznetsk Basin, lub txaj ntawm Tom calms down, thiab nyob rau hauv qis dua mus txog tus dej hloov mus rau hauv ib tug tag nrho-fledged tiaj tiaj watercourse, tom qab ntawd nws smoothly thiab maj mam nqa nws cov dej rau leej niam Ob.

Npua dej sib xyaw. Kwv yees li 40% ntawm tag nrho cov dej tau txais los ntawm cov dej nag, 35% los ntawm cov daus yaj, thiab 25% ntawm cov dej hauv av. Kev khov ntawm Tom yog tsim thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis thiab kav mus txog rau thaum nruab nrab Lub Plaub Hlis. Cov dej nyab lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav pib txij lub Plaub Hlis mus txog rau Lub Rau Hli thiab muaj qhov hloov pauv loj ntawm cov dej hauv cov channel (txog 6-8 meters).

Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, tsawg kawg 120 tributaries ntws mus rau Tom. Qhov loj tshajntawm no, Kondoma thiab Mrassu. Nyob rau hauv lub Kuzbass, ntau lub nroog nyob rau hauv tus dej: Mezhdurechensk, Novokuznetsk, Krapivinsky, Yurga, raws li zoo raws li lub regional center ntawm Kemerovo. 37 lub tuam txhab hauv cheeb tsam haus dej ntawm Tom rau lawv cov kev xav tau.

Kiya

Kiya yog ib tug ntawm cov tseem ceeb tributaries ntawm lub Chulym. Nws pib nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam Kemerovo, qhov chaw ntawm tus dej yog nyob rau sab hnub tuaj slopes ntawm lub Kuznetsk Alatau. Nyob rau hauv qis dua ntawm Kiya, nws ntws los ntawm thaj chaw ntawm thaj tsam Tomsk nyob sib ze. Raws li ib tug version, lub hydronym "kiya" yog los ntawm Turkic keeb kwm thiab muab txhais ua "pob zeb precipice".

Nyob ntawm tus dej muaj tseeb tiag cov pob zeb zoo nkauj jagged mus txog 15-20 meters siab. Ib txhia txawm muaj lawv lub npe: Giant, kho siab, Txiv thiab Tub.

Kia noj sib xyaw - daus thiab nag. Txoj kev dej khov hauv lub Kaum Ib Hlis thiab qhib thaum nruab nrab Lub Plaub Hlis. Tsis zoo li Tom, tsis muaj ib qho kev lag luam lossis lub Hoobkas ntawm ntug dej ntawm Kiya. Ua tsaug rau qhov no, qhov xwm txheej ntawm tus dej thiab nws cov ntug dej tseem txaus siab.

Inya

Inya is one of the right tributaries of the Ob. Lub hauv paus ntawm tus dej yog nyob rau Taradanovskiy Uval, nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ib feem ntawm Kuzbass. Tsis tas li ntawd, Inya hla cheeb tsam kev lag luam thiab kev ua liaj ua teb ntawm cheeb tsam Kemerovo. Nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam, nyob rau hauv nws lub tsev txhab nyiaj muaj ob lub zos (Leninsk-Kuznetsky, Polysaevo), peb lub zos chaw nyob (Gramoteino, Promyshlennaya, Inskoy), raws li zoo raws li ntau nyob deb nroog thiab lub zos hnub so. Tag nrho qhov ntev ntawm tus dej yog 663 km, uas 433 km poob rau thaj tsam ntawm Kuzbass. Nyob rau hauv lub ciam teb ntawm lub runoff cheeb tsam Initswj los ntawm Belovsky reservoir.

Condoma

Kondoma yog qhov dej loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov uas ntws tag nrho hauv cheeb tsam Kemerovo. Tus dej yog nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm Kuzbass, ntawm qhov chaw siab tshaj ntawm Biyskaya Griva Riva. Txhais los ntawm lus Shor, lub hydronym "kondoma" txhais tau tias "winding". Lub txaj dej yog qhov nyuaj los ntawm ntau tus me me, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau sab sauv thiab nruab nrab. Tag nrho qhov ntev ntawm Kondoma yog 392 mais.

Lake Berchikul

Big Berchikul (lossis tsuas yog Berchikul) yog lub pas dej loj tshaj plaws hauv Kuzbass, nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm thaj av. Nws yeej impresses nrog nws loj: thaj tsam ntawm cov dej nto mus txog 32 txhiab square kilometers. Qhov ntev ntawm lub reservoir yog 8 km, qhov siab tshaj plaws yog 4 km. Lub npe "Berchikul" yog txhais los ntawm cov lus Turkic thaum ub ua "Wolf Lake"

Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm Bolshoi Berchikul yog qib dej, uas tseem tsis tau hloov pauv txhua xyoo. Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov, lub pas dej tsis loj hlob ntiav, raws li nws yog abundantly pub los ntawm underground qhov chaw. Lwm qhov xav paub qhov tseeb: Berchikul tau xyaum tsis muaj dej ntws. Tsuas yog ib tug me me dej ntws tawm ntawm nws. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, lub reservoir tseem tshiab.

Tsis ntev los no, ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Berchikul yog overgrown nrog cov tsev ntiag tug, tsev nyob thiab tsev so me me. Nyob ze ntawm lub reservoir, kho av nkos tau pom, muaj ib tug lossis loj npaum li cas ntawm cov pab tau kab kawm thiab amino acids. Nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub pas dej, thaj chaw ntawm taiga roob moj sab qhua, untouched los ntawm kev vam meej, tau khaws cia, qhov twg koj yuav so kom txaus thiabkho koj lub zog.