Tus dej Alei hauv thaj chaw Altai: qhov chaw, duab, piav qhia

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 08:07

Tus dej no yog qhov ntev tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv Altai Territory. Nws lub npe los ntawm Kyrgyz hloov lo lus "ylay", uas txhais tau tias "muddy". Tus dej no, feem ntau steppe, yog heev ancient. Nws nqa nws cov dej rov qab rau lub sijhawm ntawd thaum cov Scythians nyob hauv thaj chaw no.

Ib txoj kev taug kev hla tus dej Alei los ntawm Bukhara mus rau lub nroog Tomsk. Kev sib haum xeeb ntawm nws cov ntug dej hiav txwv los ntawm cov neeg Lavxias tau tshwm sim thaum tig ntawm 17th-18th centuries.

Qhov chaw ntawm lub ntiaj teb thiab cov yam ntxwv

Tus dej ntev tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv Altai Territory - Aley, uas yog sab laug tributary ntawm Ob tus dej - tau tsim vim yog qhov sib txuam ntawm ob tus dej ntws: Bulochny thiab Vostochny Aley. Keeb kwm hauv Kazakhstan thiab ntws tag nrho ntawm 858 mais (raws li qee qhov chaw, 866 km), nws ntws mus rau Ob Dej ze ntawm lub zos Ust-Aleyka hauv Altai Territory (Kalmansky koog tsev kawm ntawv).

Nyob rau hauv Russia, tus dej Alei ntws raws lub toj siab Priobsky, nyob rau hauv lub spurs ntawm lub Kolyvan thiab Tigeretsky ridges, thiab sab nraum lub teb chaws nws ntws mus rau ob peb kilometers los ntawm East Kazakhstan cheeb tsam.

Tsuas yog nyob rau sab saud ntawm tus dej muaj ib tug kwj deg roob. Ib tug hluas tshaj plaws Lavxias teb sab reserves, Tigireksky, nyob ntawm no. Feem ntau ntawm txoj kev yog ntiav thiab ntsiag to. Thaj chaw ntawm lub pas dej ua ke yog kwv yees li 21.1 txhiab square meters. kilometers.

Keeb kwm thiab tributaries

Lub hauv paus ntawm Alei River yog, raws li tau sau tseg saum toj no, hauv Kazakhstan. Nws ntws txog li 5,000 meters los ntawm thaj chaw ntawm East Kazakhstan cheeb tsam. Lub ntsiab tributaries ntawm tus dej yog lub Kamenka, Zolotukha, Goltsovka, Transverse, Kizikha, Yazevka, Klepechikha, Chistyunka thiab Gorevka.

Nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm nruab nrab mus txog, qhov dej nyab ntawm tus dej hla los ntawm txoj kev loj: Bashmachikha (ntev 15 km), Sklyuikha (62 km), Babylon (40 km). Cov chav kawm sab saud khiav raws lub spurs ntawm Tigiretsky thiab Kolyvansky ridges. Cov ntug dej thiab hauv qab ntawm tus dej yog clayey, yog li cov dej ib txwm muaj av nplaum suspension. Tam sim no ntawm no muaj qhov nruab nrab ceev.

Localities

Cov kwj ha ntawm Aley River thiab nws cov ceg ntoo muaj neeg coob heev. Muaj ntau lub zos thiab lub zos raws ntug dej hiav txwv. Muaj kev sib haum xeeb ntawm Aleysk, Rubtsovsk, nrog rau cov zos loj thiab cov chaw hauv cheeb tsam: Veseloyarsk, Gilevsk, Staroaleiskoye, Shipunovo, Pospelikha.

Ib qho dej num tau tsim tsa raws tus ntug dej los ua dej ua liaj ua teb.

Keeb kwm ntawm kev siv tus dej

Nyob rau nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th, muaj txog 40 qhov chaw nyob raws tus dej Aley. Thawj qhov kev sim siv tus dej raws li txoj kev thauj khoom tau ua nyob rau hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19. Qhov no yog vim qhov yuav tsum tau xa cov khoom los ntawmlos ntawm Zmeinogorsky mine mus rau lub smelter nyiaj nyob rau hauv Barnaul.

Cov pej xeem ntawm lub hav dej (tshwj xeeb yog cov neeg nyob hauv nroog Rubtsovsky) nyob rau nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th pib xav tias tsis muaj dej. Nyob rau hauv lub 70s ntawm tib lub xyoo pua, lub Sklyuikhinskoye thiab Gilevskoye reservoirs tau ua nyob rau hauv seem ntawm lub Upper nce mus txog ntawm tus dej, uas pab daws tau qhov teeb meem. Cov pejxeem ntawm plaub lub nroog thiab ob puas qhov chaw nyob deb nroog, nrog rau kev lag luam kev lag luam, tau muab cov peev txheej dej tseem ceeb.

Reservoir

Kev khav theeb ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv Rubtsovsk yog Sklyuikha reservoir (" tais" hauv cov tib neeg), ua rau ntawm Sklyuikha channel. Pib ntawm kev tsim kho - 1971, ua tiav - 1976. Cov dej saum npoo muaj thaj tsam ntawm 6.5 square meters. km, ntim - ntau tshaj 38 lab cubic meters. meters.

Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lub reservoir yog muab cov dej hauv nroog thaum lub sijhawm dej qis. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tsis zoo tshaj plaws thaum lub sijhawm dej nyab, kev siv dej hauv nroog tuaj yeem suav nrog cov khoom siv dej zoo.

Nroj tsuag ntawm Aley River

Ntau qhov chaw ntug dej hiav txwv nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas tsis muaj kev lag luam muaj kev lag luam nplua nuj hauv cov nroj tsuag ecologically huv. Ntawm no koj tuaj yeem ntsib ntau yam nroj tsuag tshuaj: birch, blackberry, viburnum, strawberry, quinoa, chamomile, nettle, celandine, noog cherry, txiv apples, thiab lwm yam.

Cov vegetative cover ntawm Tigirek cia kuj yog ib tug feature, uas yog txiav txim los ntawm nws thaj chaw nyob thiab heterogeneity ntawm huab cua. Feem ntau ntawm thaj chaw yog nyob ntawm cov xim dubtaiga, uas yog qhov qub tshaj plaws tsim. Cov nroj tsuag ntawm lub cia muaj ntau yam zib mu, fodder, tshuaj thiab ornamental nroj tsuag. Ntawm cov tshuaj, Rhodiola rosea (los yog golden cag), bergenia, maral cag thiab ntau lwm tus tau sau tseg. Cov nroj tsuag zaub mov: spinach sorrel, blueberries, sawv hips, viburnum, asparagus thiab lwm yam.

me ntsis txog nuv ntses

Muaj ntses ntau heev nyob rau hauv lub Alei, thiab tag nrho lawv pom nyob rau hauv Ob lub phiab. Amateur thiab kev ua si nuv ntses yog tsim los ntawm no. Kev nuv ntses tuaj yeem xyaum txhua xyoo puag ncig, tshwj tsis yog lub sijhawm txwv tsis pub nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav.

Perch, gudgeon, pike, taimen, greyling, roach, bream, silver carp, carp, zander, carp raug ntes ntawm tus dej. Crayfish thiab dej minnow nyob ntawm no.