Cov neeg siv khoom xav tau yog Lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub tswv yim, qhov tseem ceeb, cov ntawv thiab hom

Cov txheej txheem:

Cov neeg siv khoom xav tau yog Lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub tswv yim, qhov tseem ceeb, cov ntawv thiab hom
Cov neeg siv khoom xav tau yog Lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub tswv yim, qhov tseem ceeb, cov ntawv thiab hom

Video: Cov neeg siv khoom xav tau yog Lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub tswv yim, qhov tseem ceeb, cov ntawv thiab hom

Video: Cov neeg siv khoom xav tau yog Lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub tswv yim, qhov tseem ceeb, cov ntawv thiab hom
Video: Saib Mis paub Poj niam (hluas nkauj) tus yam ntxwv lub siab 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Kev lag luam yog ib qho kev tshawb fawb nyuaj, uas tsuas yog teem caij nrog cov lus tsis paub thiab nkag siab tsis tau. Kab lus no yuav tham txog dab tsi yog cov neeg siv khoom xav tau? Qhov kev ntsuas no yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev xav tau ntawm lub sijhawm. Nws yog av, kev ua haujlwm thiab peev uas txaus siab rau cov neeg yuav khoom. Vim yog cov xwm txheej no, kev xaiv nyiaj txiag tau tsim, uas yuav tsum ua raws li tib neeg cov kev xav tau ntawm cov khoom txaus.

Cov neeg siv khoom xav tau yog qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov khoom muag hauv lub sijhawm. Qhov siab dua qhov kev thov nws tus kheej, cov khoom thiab cov kev pabcuam ntau dua ntawm pawg no lub zej zog yuav tsum tsim.

Definition

cov khoom siv
cov khoom siv

Kev thov nws tus kheej piav qhia tus cwj pwm ntawm cov neeg yuav khoom tiag tiag thiab muaj peev xwm. Nws kuj qhia txog qhov xav tau ntawm cov khoom, uas yog txiav txim los ntawmkev yuav khoom thiab kev pabcuam uas cov neeg siv khoom tuaj yeem them tau ntawm qee tus nqi thiab cov nyiaj tau los. Qib ntawm kev txaus siab yog txiav txim siab los ntawm kev xav kom tau txais ib qho khoom tshwj xeeb lossis sib pauv tau. Yog li ntawd, qhov kev thov tsis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog qhov ntau ntawm cov khoom tau yuav.

Nws tau txiav txim siab los ntawm tus account hauv qab no:

  • kev nce nqi kwv yees;
  • tag nrho cov neeg yuav khoom;
  • nqi ntawm lwm yam khoom;
  • nyiaj tau los;
  • tus kheej nyiam;
  • tus nqi ntawm cov khoom lossis kev pabcuam nws tus kheej.

pab pawg ntawm kev xav tau (raws li Maslow)

Tus kws tshawb fawb txheeb xyuas 5 pawg:

nce hauv cov neeg siv khoom xav tau
nce hauv cov neeg siv khoom xav tau
  • Physiological - vaj tse, zaub mov, dej, so thiab kev sib deev xav tau.
  • Kev txaus siab rau kev ruaj ntseg, uas txhais tau tias tiv thaiv kev puas siab puas ntsws thiab lub cev tawm tsam los ntawm lub ntiaj teb sab nraud.
  • Social - kev nkag siab ntawm kev sib raug zoo, kev sib raug zoo thiab kev hlub. Kev xav tias ib tug xav tau ib tug neeg.
  • Kev xav tau kev hwm thiab kev lees paub los ntawm zej zog.
  • Kev xav tau ntawm tus kheej, qhov twg tus neeg ncav cuag nws lub peev xwm thiab maj mam txav mus rau saum.

Yog li, Maslow tau hais ntxiv tias tus neeg pib nrhiav kom txaus siab rau qhov kev xav tau uas tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau nws ntawm lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb.

Cov neeg siv khoom loj

Lawv txiav txim siab raws li qib siab ntawm kev txaus siab yuav khoom ib tus neeg yuav khoom muaj. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, 5 pawg ntawm cov neeg siv khoom tau txheeb xyuas:

  • innovators;
  • cov uas txais yuav khoom tshiab ntxov;
  • thawj feem ntau ntawm cov neeg siv khoom ntawm cov khoom tshwj xeeb;
  • lig feem ntau;
  • xov xwm.

Innovators yog 2.5% ntawm tag nrho cov neeg yuav khoom (lawv kam txais kev pheej hmoo). 13.5% ntawm cov neeg yog cov neeg uas ua raws li cov kev xav tau thiab xav ua cov thawj coj lees paub (qhov no yog qeb thib ob). Cov ceg thib peb thiab plaub txhua suav nrog 34% ntawm cov neeg siv khoom muaj peev xwm. Cov neeg yuav khoom kawg nkaus xwb 16%.

kev txwv nyiaj txiag

neeg siv khoom lag luam
neeg siv khoom lag luam

Txhua tus neeg siv khoom xav yuav tsuas yog cov khoom uas nws muaj peev xwm them taus ntawm qee lub sijhawm, raws li nws qhov nyiaj txiag tam sim no. Yog li ntawd, tus neeg yuav khoom tsis tuaj yeem yuav txhua yam ib zaug. Yuav kom nws mus yuav ib yam dab tsi tshwj xeeb, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom muaj ntau yam kev lag luam sib koom ua ke, thiab muaj qee qhov kev hloov pauv hauv cov neeg siv khoom lag luam.

Qhov tseem ceeb yog qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov nyiaj tau los, txij li nws txiav txim siab muaj peev xwm los yuav qee yam khoom lossis kev pabcuam. Ntawd yog, nws txiav txim siab qhov hnyav ntawm cov chaw lag luam. Qib ntawm cov nyiaj tau los cuam tshuam rau kev tsim cov kev thov.

Txoj kev txwv hauv pob nyiaj - ib qho kev txwv uas txwv tsis pub cov txheej txheem ntawm kev yuav thiab muag. Nws tshwm sim los ntawm kev tsis ruaj khov ntawm cov nqi lossis cov nyiaj tau los ntawm cov pej xeem. Qhov ntawd yog, cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev lag luam yog nyob ntawm qhov muaj nyiaj.

Tab sis hauv peb lub ntiaj teb, koj tuaj yeem qiv cov khoom tsim nyog, uas yog, teeb meemqiv, thiab tom qab ntawd rov qab cov nyiaj tom qab ib lub sijhawm. Qhov downside yog tom qab koj yuav tsum tau them paj.

Cov khoom siv pob tawb

cov khoom siv
cov khoom siv

lo lus no qhia txog ib pawg ntawm cov khoom lag luam uas tuaj yeem yuav tau rau qee qhov nyiaj, yog tias tus nqi nyob rau theem tam sim no. Cov khoom tseem ceeb muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv pob tawb. Cov kev xav tau ntawm txhua qhov chaw lag luam sib txawv kiag li, vim txhua tus muaj qhov sib txawv, cov nyiaj tau los thiab kev nyiam.

Txoj cai ntawm kev noj haus zoo yog siv los faib cov neeg siv khoom. Pareto tuaj nrog lub tswv yim no. Nws hais tias nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no niaj hnub no, ib tug neeg, xaiv ib tug zoo, yuav tsum tso tseg lwm tus. Yog li, nws tuaj yeem txiav txim siab seb cov txiaj ntsig zoo li cas rau qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm ib tus neeg thiab cov neeg ntawm tag nrho lub ntiaj teb ntiaj teb.

Txoj kev twg los txhawb cov neeg siv khoom xav tau? Nws zoo li no:

  • Txhim kho koj tus kheej hom;
  • kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov khoom lag luam hauv khw muag khoom;
  • txhim kho cov luv nqi;
  • tuav txoj cai ua lag luam nquag;
  • txhawb kev nqis peev;
  • txhim kho kev sib tw ntawm cov khoom hauv tsev;
  • Txhawb kev daws teebmeem ntawm cov neeg siv khoom los ntawm kev qiv nyiaj.

Kev Ua Lag Luam

neeg siv khoom lag luam
neeg siv khoom lag luam

Cov kws tshawb fawb paub qhov txawv ntawm 2 hom hype - qhov no yog qhov xav tau macro thiab micro xav tau. Txhua tus muaj nws tus yam ntxwv.

Macro xav tau yog qhov xav tau ntawm cov khoom noj sib xyaw thiab cov khoom tsis yog khoom noj. Qhov no suav nrog cov khoom noj khoom haus, khaub ncaws, khau, thiab lwm yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom siv tau txiav txim siab los ntawm ntau ntu ntawm cov pej xeem (lub nroog, nyob deb nroog, thiab tag nrho lub tebchaws). Ntawd yog, thaj chaw tshwj xeeb kuj ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm no.

Microdemand yog qhov txaus siab ntawm ib pab pawg neeg siv khoom kom tau txais ib qho khoom tshwj xeeb. Qhov sib xyaw thiab qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov neeg siv khoom txiav txim siab tus qauv ntawm cov khoom siv. Microdemand tau muab faib ua ntau pawg:

  • impulsive;
  • periodic;
  • casual.

Lawv tseem hais txog qhov kev txaus siab uas tshwm sim:

  • tsis txaus siab;
  • realized;
  • muaj peev xwm.

Lwm pawg:

  • degree ntawm kev thov txav;
  • kev xav ntawm tus neeg yuav khoom;
  • tus yam ntxwv ntawm kev thov;
  • degree ntawm kev siv ntawm kev thov;
  • chaw lag luam.

Nqi muaj feem cuam tshuam rau kev yuav khoom.

Kev nce hauv cov neeg siv khoom xav tau ntau lawm

txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho kev lag luam, txhua lub lag luam ntawm txhua hom kev ua tswv cuab yuav tsum tau kawm, txheeb xyuas thiab kwv yees qhov sib txawv ntawm cov npe ntawm qee pawg ntawm cov khoom sib txawv. Qhov no yuav pab tsim kom muaj kev sib npaug ntawm cov qauv ntawm kev thov rau cov khoom thiab cov kev pabcuam, nrog rau ntawm lawv cov khoom siv hauv khw. Kev kawm ntawm kev txaus siab xav txogthaj chaw tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev txheeb xyuas kev lag luam rau kev lag luam.

Kev saib xyuas cov ntaub ntawv no tso cai rau koj txheeb xyuas lub sijhawm ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov neeg siv khoom xav tau.

Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb uas lub tuam txhab teeb tsa rau kev ntsuas:

  • muaj peev xwm tsim tau ntawm kev lag luam;
  • muag kev txiav txim siab;
  • cuam tshuam ntawm kev thov ntawm kev ua haujlwm hauv lub koom haum;
  • yam cuam tshuam rau qhov nce lossis txo qhov nrov ntawm cov khoom tshwj xeeb;
  • season;
  • requirements rau cov khoom tsim thiab muag.

Hom neeg xav tau

Yuav kom nkag siab tias cov txheej txheem no txhim kho li cas, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum kawm tag nrho nws cov hom kom nthuav dav ntau li ntau tau. Ntawm lawv yog:

  1. Tsis zoo - cov neeg siv khoom txaus siab xaiv lwm hom npe vim lawv tsis txaus siab rau qhov kev thov.
  2. Assent - tus neeg siv khoom tsis txaus siab rau cov khoom thov.
  3. Hidden - tus neeg siv xav tias qhov khoom xav tau, tab sis nws yuav tsis siv qhov kev siv.
  4. Falling - cov neeg siv khoom tsis txaus siab rau cov khoom no lawm vim qee yam.
  5. Irregular - thov hloov pauv tas li.
  6. Full-fledged - kev lag luam yog nyob rau theem siab tsis tu ncua thiab ua tau raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm cov pej xeem.
  7. Ntau dhau - Muaj tsawg dua ntawm cov khoom lag luam hauv khw tshaj li cov neeg siv khoom txaus siab yuav.
  8. Irrational - ua phem rau ib puag ncig thiab tib neeg noj qab haus huv.

Kev Tshawb Fawb

cov neeg siv khoom xav tau ntau lawm
cov neeg siv khoom xav tau ntau lawm

Kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov neeg siv khoom lag luam yog ua tiav txhawm rau nthuav tawm tus cwj pwm ntawm cov neeg yuav khoom ntawm ib lub tuam txhab tshwj xeeb. Ua tsaug rau nws, kev sib raug zoo mus ntev thiab ntev yog tsim los nrog cov neeg siv khoom muaj peev xwm. Nov yog qhov kev lag luam txiav txim siab leej twg yog tus neeg siv khoom tseem ceeb thiab leej twg tuaj yeem ua qee qhov kev yuav khoom.

Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm txoj kev tshawb no muab lub sijhawm los nkag siab tias lub tuam txhab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov kev txiav txim zaum kawg ntawm tus neeg siv khoom.

Kev loj hlob ntawm cov neeg siv khoom xav tau rau cov khoom noj khoom haus yog tsav los ntawm cov qoob loo yields, lub sijhawm ntawm lub xyoo, thiab tseem nyob ntawm tus kheej nyiam ntawm txhua tus neeg siv khoom.

Nws tau kawm los ntawm ob qhov tseem ceeb:

  • kev tshuaj xyuas cov neeg siv khoom zoo thiab tsim qauv;
  • kev kawm ntawm pab pawg assortment thiab tag nrho kev thov.

Tasks:

  • sijhawm ntxiv ntawm ntau yam (xaiv xim, tsim, ntim, saj, thiab lwm yam) khoom;
  • tsim cov khoom tshwj xeeb ntawm txhua lub lag luam.

Terminology

kev loj hlob ntawm cov neeg siv khoom xav tau
kev loj hlob ntawm cov neeg siv khoom xav tau

Retail turnover - characterizes qhov ntim ntawm kev muag khoom thiab kev pab cuam rau tsev neeg cov kev xav tau ntawm tus kheej los yog tsev neeg siv. Pab koj txheeb xyuas seb cov neeg siv khoom nyiam thiab qhov lawv tsis nyiam.

Kev lag luam segmentation - txheeb xyuas cov pab pawg ntawm cov neeg siv khoom txaus siab rau cov neeg siv khoom xav tau.

Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev lag luam yog ua kom tau raws li tib neeg xav tau.

Functional paj - ib feem ntawm kev thov, vim yogConsumer Properties.

Kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev koom nrog feem ntau - ntawm no cov neeg siv khoom ua raws li cov qauv lees paub, raws li nws yuav cov khoom uas lwm tus yuav.

Snob effect - tus neeg siv khoom xaiv cov khoom thiab cov kev pabcuam uas tsis raug rau feem coob.

Cov nyhuv Veblen yog cov neeg siv khoom xav tau uas nce ntxiv vim muaj koob npe thiab "hype" ntawm hom.

Speculative effect - kev noj ntxiv yog txhawb nqa los ntawm qhov tseeb tias cov nqi yuav nce ntxiv rau yav tom ntej, vim tias cov neeg siv khoom tam sim no tau txais ntau qhov tshwj xeeb.

Kev txiav txim siab qhov ntsuas ntawm elasticity ntawm kev thov - txheeb ze rau tus nqi ntawm cov khoom lag luam hauv kev muag khoom tshwj xeeb, qhia seb nws puas tuaj yeem ua tiav qib kev muag khoom los ntawm kev nce tus nqi.

Tus cwj pwm ntawm cov neeg siv khoom yog tus txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim kom muaj ntau yam khoom thiab kev pabcuam. Nws nyob ntawm tus kheej nyiam, nrog rau cov nyiaj tau los ntawm tib neeg. Tom qab cov txheej txheem tsim tsim, tus neeg siv khoom txhais nws tus kheej cov khoom siv pob tawb.

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