Volcano Kamchatka - qhov nthuav tshaj plaws ntuj tshwm sim

Volcano Kamchatka - qhov nthuav tshaj plaws ntuj tshwm sim
Volcano Kamchatka - qhov nthuav tshaj plaws ntuj tshwm sim

Video: Volcano Kamchatka - qhov nthuav tshaj plaws ntuj tshwm sim

Video: Volcano Kamchatka - qhov nthuav tshaj plaws ntuj tshwm sim
Video: 360°, Эльбрус, Россия. 8К видео с воздуха 2024, Tej zaum
Anonim

Kamchatka Peninsula yog ib lub roob hluav taws uas nplua nuj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, tej zaum thib ob tsuas yog rau Iceland thiab Hawaii. Nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Dej Hiav Txwv Pacific no, lub suab hu ua "lub nplhaib ntawm hluav taws", muaj ntau tshaj li ib puas lub roob hluav taws kub thiab muaj li ntawm 30 tus ntawm lawv tau sawv los tsis ntev los no.

Kamchatka roob hluav taws
Kamchatka roob hluav taws

Lub roob hluav taws ntawm Kamchatka, niaj hnub no lees paub tias yog kev ua haujlwm, tsim 700-kilometer volcanic siv los ntawm lub roob hluav taws Shiveluch, uas nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm ceg av qab teb, mus rau lub roob hluav taws Kambalny nyob rau sab qab teb. Lub roob hluav taws muaj zog hauv Kamchatka, nrog rau hauv cov neeg nyob sib ze Aleutian thiab Kuril cov kob arcs, yog vim qhov kev cuam tshuam ntawm Pacific phaj nyob rau hauv Eurasian tectonic phaj.

Ntau txhiab xyoo dhau los, muaj txog 30 qhov loj heev (Plinian) tawg, vim li ntawd kwv yees li 1 km3 ntawm magma raug pov tseg. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv no, niaj hnub no Kamchatka yog qhov chaw hauv ntiaj teb nrog ntau zaus ntawm kev tawg tawg loj.

Lub roob hluav taws kub tshaj plaws hauv Kamchatka yog Klyuchevskoy, Karymsky, Shiveluch thiab Bezymyanny.

Kamchatka's Klyuchevskoy Volcano - lub roob hluav taws loj tshaj plaws hauv Eurasia - nce mus txog 4750 m saum hiav txwv. Nws muaj ib tug zoo meej, extraordinarily zoo nkauj cone. Hnub nyoog ntawm novolcano muaj txog yim txhiab xyoo. Thawj qhov tawg tau sau tseg hauv 1697. Niaj hnub no, lub roob hluav taws Klyuchevskoy hauv Kamchatka nyiam ntau tus neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uas xav mus saib ze dua ntawm ib lub roob hluav taws zoo nkauj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Qhov nruab nrab, kev tawg tau tshwm sim txhua 5 xyoos, qee zaum txhua xyoo, thiab nws tau tshwm sim tias lawv txuas ntxiv mus ntev li ob peb xyoos. Qhov muaj zog tshaj plaws ntawm lawv tau tshwm sim xyoo 1944-1945. Cov kev ua ntawm Klyuchevskoy kuj yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm "parasitic" craters nyob 8-25 km ntawm lub ntsiab ib.

Lub roob hluav taws Sheveluch hauv Kamchatka
Lub roob hluav taws Sheveluch hauv Kamchatka

Lub roob hluav taws Shiveluch hauv Kamchatka yog ib lub roob hluav taws uas muaj zog tshaj plaws thiab loj tshaj plaws thiab muaj qhov tawg loj tshaj plaws. Nws nyob 80 km ntawm Klyuchevskoy. Kwv yees li 60 qhov kev tawg loj tau tshwm sim ntawm Shiveluch dhau los no ob peb txhiab xyoo, qhov kev puas tsuaj loj tshaj plaws ntawm lawv rov qab mus rau xyoo 1854 thiab 1956, thaum feem ntau ntawm cov lava dome tsoo, ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj heev avalanches. Lub roob hluav taws Kamchatka belongs rau pawg Klyuchevskaya volcano thiab muaj txog 65 txhiab xyoo.

Karymsky Volcano - kuj qis (1486 m) thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas (6100 xyoo) - lub zog tshaj plaws. Ntau tshaj 20 qhov tawg tau tshwm sim hauv ib puas xyoo no, thiab qhov kawg ntawm lawv tau pib xyoo 1996 thiab kav ntev li 2 xyoos. Karymsky eruptions yog nrog los ntawm bursts thiab ejections ntawm tshauv los ntawm lub hauv paus crater nrog erupting lava. Lub lava tawg los ntawm Karymsky volcano nyob rau hauv Kamchatka yog li nplaum uas, raws li txoj cai, nplaim taws ntws tsis ib txwm mus txog ko taw. Qhov kawg eruption coincided nrog ib tug underwater eruption ntawm Lake Karymskoye, nyob rau hauv8km ua. Nws kav li 20 teev xwb, tab sis nyob rau lub sij hawm luv luv no muaj txog 100 underwater splashes, txhua tus tau nrog tsunami nthwv dej nce mus txog 15 m nyob rau hauv qhov siab. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tawg ntawm lub roob hluav taws, Lake Karymskoe, cov dej uas tshiab thiab huv si, tig mus rau hauv lub pas dej loj tshaj plaws nrog cov dej acidic tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb.

volcano nyob rau hauv kamchatka hnub no
volcano nyob rau hauv kamchatka hnub no

Kamchatka Bezymyanny Volcano nyob rau sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm lub roob hluav taws Kamen uas ploj lawm. Cov kab ntawm lava ntws tuaj yeem pom nyob rau sab sauv ntawm nws txoj kab nqes. Nws yog lub roob hluav taws me me thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas (4700 xyoo), uas tau tsim nyob rau saum lub roob hluav taws loj dua qub. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-50s, nws erupted, tom qab uas ib tug loj horseshoe-zoo li tus crater tsim. Txij thaum ntawd los Bezymyanny tau raug lees paub tias yog ib lub roob hluav taws kub tshaj plaws hauv Kamchatka. Lub lava dome tshiab loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub qhov crater, feem ntau ua rau muaj kev ua haujlwm tawg thiab cov dej pyroclastic. Txij li thaum 2011, lub roob hluav taws kub tau yuav luag puv lub qhov tsua.

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