"Object 260": ib lub tank qauv xyoo 1945 thiab nws cov neeg niaj hnub incarnation. Soviet hnyav tank X-tier "Object 260"

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 08:00

Nyob tsis ntev los no, nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm kev ua si hauv computer nrov tshaj plaws "shooter" tau tshaj tawm Soviet hnyav tank X-theem ("khoom 260"). Lub tshuab no, txiav txim siab los ntawm cov yam ntxwv qhia, yog riam phom sib ntaus sib tua uas muaj peev xwm ntaus yuav luag txhua hom tsheb armored.

Yog li "khoom 260" no yog dab tsi? WOT (World of Tanks - "World of Tanks") muab cov ntaub ntawv tsis meej heev. Cov creators ntawm qhov kev ua si txwv lawv tus kheej rau stingy cov ntaub ntawv, qhia lub xyoo ntawm kev tso tawm thiab lub ntsiab kev sib ntaus sib tua yam ntxwv, tsis tau qhia ntau yam ntawm cov xwm txheej txuam nrog cov creation ntawm no zoo kawg nkaus, tab sis me ntsis-paub piv txwv ntawm lub Soviet Stalinist tiv thaiv kev lag luam. Tab sis lub ncauj lus no zoo li nthuav heev…

Moscow parade

Thaum kawg ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib 2, kev lag luam ntawm USSR yuav luag tag nrho cov tub rog. Yog vim li cas yog qhov tseeb: lub teb chaws strained txhua yam kev rau siab yeej ib tug muaj zog yeeb ncuab. Txawm li cas los xij, kev hloov pauv ntawm kev lag luam mus rau kev ua tub rog tau pib ua haujlwm ntev ua ntej xyoo 1941, tsuas yog txij thaum pib ntawm German nres, cov txheej txheem no tau dhau los ua hypertrophied. Cov qauv zoo heev ntawm cov khoom siv tub rog, ua ntej ntawm cov khoom siv niaj hnub noxyoo caum, tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm thirties. Cov no yog T-34, BT-7 thiab KV tanks.

Thaum kawg ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog, kev tsim cov tsheb armored hauv USSR tau mus txog qhov ntsuas tsis tau pom dua hauv keeb kwm, ob qho tib si hauv cov ntsiab lus ntau thiab zoo. Lub crown ntawm lub sijhawm no yog "khoom 260" ntawm 1945 tso tawm. Nws yog ib tug tiag tiag masterpiece nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob ntawm lub tsev art.

Tub rog cov tub rog uas tuaj koom ntawm xyoo 1945 Kev Sib Tw Hauv Moscow, pom cov ISs, tsis tuaj yeem muaj lawv lub siab xav.

Lub ntsej muag ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov tebchaws sab hnub poob qhia txog kev sib xyaw ntawm ob txoj kev xav uas coj lawv lub siab: xav tsis thoob thiab ntshai. Cov phooj ywg Soviet zoo-naturedly npuaj lawv nraub qaum: "Tsis muaj dab tsi, tsis txhob ntshai, vim peb yog phooj ywg!" Tab sis rau qee yam kev ntshai tsis ploj mus. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov tso tsheb hlau luam uas cov kws paub txog tub rog sab hnub poob pom tsis yog qhov niaj hnub tshaj plaws nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd, lawv yog IS-3. "Object 260" tsis tau qhia rau lawv. Txawm tias nws zoo li yog lub xeev zais cia thaum lub sijhawm.

Cov phooj ywg thiab lawv lub tank

USSR raws li xyoo 1945 muaj lub zog tank, ntau tshaj tag nrho cov armored rog ntawm lwm lub teb chaws ua ke. Tab sis nws tsis yog hais txog tus naj npawb ntawm lub tsheb. Kev lag luam tub rog Asmeskas tau tsim kho tiag tiag, muaj nyiaj txaus hauv pob nyiaj siv los nce kev tsim khoom, thiab yog tias tsim nyog, cov neeg Asmeskas tuaj yeem tsim tau kaum tawm txhiab lub tank. Lwm lo lus nug, leej twg? "Sherman" "rivet"? Yog lawm, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, txij li thaum armored hull ntawm lub tank no riveted pob qij txha. Cov qauv hauv txhua qhov kev hwm yog kev coj ncaj ncees thiab thev naus laus zis tsis siv. Tom ntej no rau lawvlub qub Soviet "peb caug-plaub" zoo li ib tug txuj ci tseem ceeb ntawm technology, tsis zoo li lub tank IS-7. Cov piv txwv ntxiv ntawm cov phooj ywg armored hwj chim ua rau tsis muaj kev ntxhov siab tsawg dua. Cov tswv yim uas cov neeg tsim qauv Soviet tuaj txog thaum kawg ntawm peb caug xyoo, lub ntiaj teb tank lub tsev yuav tau txais tsuas yog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-fifties.

Plaub qhov sib txawv ntawm Soviet tanks

Lub ntsiab drawback ntawm tag nrho cov txawv teb chaws tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm forties yog lub cav carburetor khiav ntawm roj av. Qhov thib ob tsim qhov tsis zoo yog lub log pem hauv ntej, uas "noj" qhov chaw sab hauv, ua rau cov txheej txheem kinematic nyuaj thiab yuam koj kom nce qhov profile, ib txhij ua kom loj ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv, thiab yog li ntawd, tag nrho lub tsheb. Qhov teeb meem thib peb yog nyob rau hauv feem ntau qhov tsis txaus caliber ntawm rab phom turret. Thiab lub sijhawm thib plaub tsis zoo rau cov neeg Askiv, Asmeskas, Fabkis, German thiab lwm lub tankers ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog xyoo yog qhov tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm cov phiaj xwm armor, qhov tsis muaj qhov raug kho cov ces kaum ntawm lawv txoj kev xav. Hauv lwm lo lus, feem ntau ntawm cov tsheb sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Allied pab tub rog tsis muaj qhov tsim nyog los tiv thaiv plhaub. Qee cov qauv German thaum kawg ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog tau txais cov phom muaj zog thiab kev tiv thaiv tuab, qee zaum txawm tias nqes. Cov neeg tsim qauv Nazi yeej tsis tau nyob ib puag ncig ntawm qhov kev tsim qauv tsim nyog thiab lub tshuab hluav taws xob muaj zog.

Qhov "khoom 260" tsis muaj tag nrho cov npe tsis zoo. Lub tank, daim duab uas qhia meej txog qhov ntev "ntev" ntawm rab phom 130-mm, cov txheej txheem nthuav dav ntawm lub turret thiab armored hull, tsis tuaj yeem muab lub tswv yim ntawm txhua yam uas tau muab zais hauv qab.armor. Tab sis cov kws tshaj lij hauv qhov tsos tuaj yeem kwv yees ntau.

YChelyabinsk-Leningrad

"Object 260" (IS-7 tank) tau tsim nyob rau hauv kev taw qhia ntawm tus kws tsim qauv zoo nkauj Nikolai Shashmurin, thiab tus kws sau cov duab kos duab yog Zh. Ya. Kotin, uas ua haujlwm ntawm Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant. Nws tshwm sim sai tom qab kev yeej, thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 1945, los ntawm qhov uas peb tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias kev txhim kho ntawm peb cov tsheb armored tau tshwm sim hauv hom tsis tu ncua.

Qhov project yog ib qho kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm lub tswv yim ua raws li qhov piv txwv ntawm IS-3, tab sis thaum ua haujlwm ntawm nws, ntau lub tswv yim tshiab tau tshwm sim uas tau ua tiav zoo heev thiab siv rau hauv lwm cov qauv, Tom qab ntawd, suav nrog qhov tseeb ntawm Lavxias thiab txawv teb chaws tso tsheb hlau luam. "Object 260" tau coj mus rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv Leningrad.

Vim li cas Stalin xav tau lub tank zoo li no

Nyob rau hauv zej zog socialist, kev lag luam (xws li kev tshawb fawb, kab lis kev cai, thiab txhua yam) tau npaj. Nws yog qee tus neeg Asmeskas Christie uas tuaj yeem tsim lub pendant, thiab tom qab ntawd xav txog seb leej twg yuav muag qhov khoom no rau. Soviet engineers tsis ua haujlwm li ntawd. Yog tias tsim "khoom 260" (IS-7 lub tank, muaj npe tom qab tus thawj coj tseem ceeb), ces ntawm cov lus qhia ncaj qha ntawm Stalin. Thiab nws tsuas yog tsis tau xaj dab tsi.

Koj puas xav tau lub tshuab zoo li no los tawm tsam cov tsheb armored ntawm tus yeeb ncuab muaj peev xwm? Nyob rau hauv Ntiaj Teb ntawm Tanks, qhov no yog raws nraim li cas Soviet Tier X hnyav tank siv rau. "Object 260" tawm tsam "Tigers" thiab "Panthers" (uas tiag tiagyeej tsis muaj lub neej), tua ntawm lawv thiab yeej, ntxiv cov ntsiab lus rau gamer. Tab sis qhov no tsis yog qhov nws tau tsim rau xyoo 1945, thaum tsis muaj kev sib tw tsim nyog rau nws.

Lub tank IS-7 yog tsim los rau cua daj cua dub tiv thaiv. Nws yuav tsum tau ywj pheej dhau los ntawm URs, sowing panic thiab kev puas tsuaj. Lub npe nws tus kheej hais nws. Tom qab tag nrho, txawm tias kev xav tias Yauxej Stalin raug hlawv lossis swb yeej yuav kim thaum lub sijhawm.

Tawm tsam "khoom 260" tag nrho cov riam phom tiv thaiv tank ntawm nruab nrab plaub caug tau xyaum tsis muaj zog. Qhov no piav qhia qhov xav tsis thoob thiab ntshai ntawm cov neeg saib xyuas txawv teb chaws thaum lub caij ua yeeb yam thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 7, 1945. Nws tau meej meej rau cov tub rog tshwj xeeb yuav ua li cas IS tawm tsam ntawm ib kab ntawm kev tiv thaiv ntawm ciam teb ntawm "lub ntiaj teb dawb" yuav xaus thaum muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua nrog USSR. Lub tank no zoo li lub pob zeb hnyav hnyav uas tuaj yeem tho qhov qhib dav. Thiab tom qab ntawd ntau txhiab tus T-34s, nrawm thiab muaj zog, yuav maj mus rau hauv lub qhov khoob, ua kev pab cuam, ib puag ncig, txiav kev sib txuas lus, zoo li tsis ntev los no, lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav xyoo 1945 …

"Object 260" arr. Xyoo 1945 muaj cov duab zoo nkauj, uas, txawm tias xav txog lub hom phiaj tuag ntawm tus qauv no, zoo li zoo nkauj.

Tower - flattened hemispherical cam khwb cia nrog dav sab hauv. Lub armored hull yog technologically impeccable, txoj kev ntawm xovxwm dabtsi yog khoov, vuam yog siv, lub hneev muaj zoo li ib tug "pike qhov ntswg" zoo ib yam li uas siv nyob rau hauv lub IS-3.

"Object 260" muaj cov cuab yeej muaj zog, nws cov tuab yog li ntawm 20 (qee ntu ntawm lub ru tsev ntawm lub cav thiab hauv qab)mus txog 210 mm, thiab ntawm rab phom mantlet nws mus txog 355 mm. Cov kev daws teeb meem sib txawv no hais txog lub siab xav ua kom lub cev hnyav uas cuam tshuam rau kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm lub tsheb. Lub kaum sab xis ntawm inclination ntawm lub reflecting dav hlau nyob ntawm 51 txog 60 degrees. Tank IS-7 tsis yog ib qho kev ua tau zoo xwb, nws zoo nkauj heev.

Power section

Yuav kom txaus siab rau tus qauv tub rog ntawm nws qhov muaj nqis tiag, nws yog lub sijhawm txav los ntawm kev xav txog lub tswvyim rau cov lej qhuav. Dab tsi yog technically "khoom 260"? Lub tank tau tsim raws li lub tswv yim, uas niaj hnub no suav hais tias yog classical. Lub cav yog nyob rau hauv lub qab compartment, nws lub hwj chim yog tshaj ib txhiab horsepower. Marine diesel M-50T tau siv, uas hais ntau heev.

Kev sib kis tau tsim nyob rau hauv ob lub qauv. Nyob rau hauv thawj zaug, tus naj npawb ntawm cov iav raug txwv rau rau, "khoom 260-2" muaj yim-ceev planetary gearbox. Lub tank suav nrog kaum plaub txoj kev tsheb sib tw (xya ib sab). Caterpillars thawj zaug nyob rau hauv lub USSR tau nruab nrog roj hmab-hlau hinges.

Ride thiab Geometry

Muaj ib tug zoo-tsim stereotype ntawm ib tug hnyav tank raws li ib tug clumsy, slow-moving dab. Qhov ntev thiab qhov hnyav ntawm qhov kawg "Joseph Stalin" yog qhov zoo nkauj: ntev - 10 meters (nrog phom), dav - 3.4 m, hnyav - ntau dua 60 tons. Tab sis tag nrho cov kev ntsuas cyclopean tsis hais txog kev txav mus los tsawg. uas "khoom 260" muaj. Lub tank tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov nrawm txog li 55 km / h, kov yeej qhov chaw siab tshaj ntawm 30 degrees, wade ntawm qhov tob txog li ib thiab ib nrab meters. Lub zog cia yog 300 km, uas tsis yog tsawg. TankIS-7 tsis siab, nws qhov profile tsuas yog 2.5 meters. Zoo kawg, vim nws nyuaj rau ntaus nws.

Cannon

rab phom S-70 yog phom, thaum xub thawj thauj khoom, nws cov caliber yog 130 hli. Lub projectile raug them cais los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv cartridge, cov txheej txheem no ua haujlwm hnyav, uas yuav tsum muaj kev nce ntxiv hauv "cov neeg caij tsheb sib ntaus sib tua" rau 5 tus neeg thiab siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob.

rab phom tau nruab nrog cov cuab yeej tswj hluav taws uas zoo rau lub sijhawm ntawd. Cov mos txwv muaj 30 lub plhaub (siab tawg tawg tawg thiab caliber) nyob hauv qab ntawm tus pej thuam. Tus nqi hluav taws kub tsawg - mus txog 8 rounds ib feeb. Lub muzzle nres yog ib leeg-chamber, mesh hom. Lub chim ntev tshaj 57 calibers.

Machine phom

Muaj yim ntawm lawv, thiab nrog lawv "khoom 260" tau tawm tsam nws tus yeeb ncuab tseem ceeb - tub rog tub rog nrog riam phom tiv thaiv tank. KPVT caliber 14.5 mm yog mounted rau ntawm lub mantlet ntawm rab phom ua ke nrog ob SGMT (7.62 mm). Ib tug loj-caliber - nyob rau hauv lub turret turret. Ob HCMPs tiv thaiv lub nraub qaum hemisphere ntawm tus pej thuam. Thiab ob qho ntxiv - ntawm ob sab ntawm rooj plaub. Mus ze rau IS-7 lub tank yuav tsis yog ib txoj haujlwm yooj yim, vim tias nws tau them los ntawm txhua sab. Thiab ib qho ntxiv qhov tseeb: cov phom tshuab tau tswj tau nyob deb-telemetrically los ntawm kev siv tshuab hluav taws xob.

Kev siv dag zog?

Vim li cas nws thiaj tsis mus rau hauv "khoom 260" series? Lub tank, zoo tag nrho, tseem sim, tsuas yog ob peb daim ntawv luam tawm. Thaj, yog vim li cas yog ib tug hloov nyob rau hauv cov tub rog lus qhuab qhia ntawm lub USSR. Xyoo 1945, lub foob pob atomic tau tshwm sim hauv arsenal ntawm Asmeskas tub rog,thiab qhov tseeb no ua rau kev ua haujlwm sib sib zog nqus (hauv Western Europe, piv txwv li) muaj kev lom zem. Lub teb chaws tau ntsib nrog txoj haujlwm kev tshawb fawb hnyav, uas tseem xav tau cov khoom siv loj los tsim nws tus kheej riam phom nuclear.

Txawm tias muaj cov ntawv luam me me, "260 qhov project" tuaj yeem suav tias ua tiav. Nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm nws qhov kev siv, Soviet tank lub tsev ua ib tug zoo leap, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov uas tseem siv los ntawm niaj hnub engineers.