Muaj txog 150 qhov dej hauv Moscow. Muaj ntau ntawm lawv ntws tag nrho los yog ib nrab hauv av. Kab lus no yuav tham txog ib tug dej me me uas ntws nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm lub peev. Yog li, tau paub: tus dej Bitsa. Nws pib qhov twg, ntws qhov twg, thiab ntev npaum li cas?
Cov ntaub ntawv dav dav txog tus dej
Tus Dej Bitsa (tseem Abitsa, lossis Obitec) yog qhov dej hauv Moscow thiab cheeb tsam Moscow, koom nrog Volga phiab. Qhov no yog qhov thib ob loj tshaj tributary ntawm Pakhra. Tus dej ntws los ntawm thaj chaw ntawm ntau lub nroog thiab thaj chaw nyob hauv Moscow: Teply Stan, Yasenevo, Northern Butovo.
Tus Dej Bitsa yog qhov dej me me. Nws tag nrho ntev yog 24 kilometers, thaj tsam yog 101 sq. km. Qhov nruab nrab qhov tob ntawm channel yog 0.5 meters.
Hauv cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia muaj ntau lub npe ntawm qhov dej no: Abitsa, Obitsa, Obitets, Bitsy thiab lwm yam. Qhov ntxov tshaj plaws ntawm tus dej hnub rov qab mus rau 1480. Muaj ob lub ntsiab versions ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm no hydronym. Raws li thawj ntawm lawv, lub npe los ntawm lub qub Slavonic "obisesti", uas txhais tau tias"bypass". Raws li lwm qhov kev xav, lub hydronym yog txuam nrog cov qub Lavxias teb sab lo lus "obitok", uas txhais tau tias "kos". Qee cov kws tshawb fawb txuas nws keeb kwm rau B altic lo lus abista.
kawm dej: los ntawm qhov ncauj
Tus Dej Bitza pib qhov twg? Thiab nws nqa nws cov dej me me nyob qhov twg? Cia peb kawm tam sim no.
Bitsa pib nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Teply Stan koog tsev kawm ntawv, tsis deb ntawm kev sib tshuam ntawm Moscow Ring Road thiab Profsoyuznaya Street. Lub hauv paus ntawm tus dej yog ob peb qhov chaw nyob hauv Golubinsky hav zoov-park massif (saib daim ntawv qhia hauv qab).
Yuav luag tam sim ntawd, Bitsa nkaum hauv lub qhov dej hauv av thiab tuaj txog ntawm qhov chaw ze ntawm tsev kawm ntawv theem nrab No. 1020. Tom qab ntawd nws hla lub tiaj ua si Yasenevsky hav zoov, ntxiv los ntawm cov dej ntawm Mikhailovsky ravine. Tom qab ntawd, tus dej mus dhau txoj kev Moscow Ring Road thiab siv hauv Frolov kwj.
Rau yuav luag tsib mais, lub Bitsa ntws mus rau hauv txoj kev Moscow Ring Road, hla lub Northern Butovo koog tsev kawm ntawv. Tom qab ntawd, hla Kachalovsky Ponds, tus dej mus dhau Moscow.
Nyob hauv cheeb tsam Moscow, cov dej ntws hla ntau lub zos thiab lub zos (Bitsa, Vyrubovo, Izmailovo, Spasskoye, Bulatnikovo). Tsis tas li ntawd, tus dej hla txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau (ceg Paveletskaya), txoj kev loj Don thiab tig mus rau sab qab teb, mus rau lub nroog Vidnoye. Tom qab dhau ob peb lub zos ntxiv, Bitsa dua hla txoj kev Paveletskaya. Lub qhov ncauj ntawm tus dej nyob rau sab nrauv ntawm lub zos Pavlovskoye ze ntawm tus choj railway.
Txiv thiab pas dej ntawm Bitsa
Cov tributaries ntawm Bitsa yog sawv cev los ntawm ravines (Frolov, Popov, Mikhailovsky,Zavyalovsky, Znamensky, Kachalovsky, Botanichesky), me kwj thiab rivulets (Zhuravenka, Kupelinka, Kozlovka thiab lwm yam).
Ntau lub pas dej thiab cov dej me me tau tsim nyob rau hauv tus dej ntawm Bitsa. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv yog nyob rau hauv lub Upper thiab nruab nrab ncav us txog ntawm tus dej. Wb sau tag nrho cov reservoir (nyob rau hauv kev taw qhia ntawm qhov chaw mus rau lub qhov ncauj):
- Bitsevsky.
- Kub Bitsa.
- Upper, Me thiab Loj Kachalovsky.
- Upper Znamensky.
- Hryvnia.
- Bulatnikovsky.
Nyob rau sab qaum teb, sab xis ntawm qhov chaw, cov dej hauv Bitsa kuj huv si. Tom qab ntawd, nws hnyav heev los ntawm cov dej phwj hauv nroog. Vim li no, ua luam dej thiab nuv ntses hauv Bitsa thiab nws cov pas dej tsis pom zoo. Cov dej hauv cheeb tsam ntawm Moscow Ring Road tshwj xeeb yog muaj kuab lom. Dhau los ntawm Upper Znamensky Pond, dej ntawm Bitsa pom meej meej.
Bitza River: nuv ntses thiab ichthyofauna
Raws li cov neeg nuv ntses avid, qhov tom ntawm Bitsa yog qhov zoo nkauj heev. Ntawm no, tshwj xeeb, perch, crucian carp, carp raug ntes tau zoo. Qee zaum, yog tias koj muaj hmoo, koj tuaj yeem nuv ntses pike lossis roach tawm hauv dej. Kev nuv ntses zoo tshaj plaws yog qhov zoo rau lub pas dej Bulatnikovsky, nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm tus dej.
Bitza, txawm hais tias qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm anthropogenic ntawm nws lub hav, tau tswj xyuas cov ntu loj ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv - qus, swampy thiab hnyav hnyav. Nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov, cov kab me me tau ntes tau zoo heev hauv cov chaw zoo li no, thiab crucian carp nyob rau lub caij ntuj no.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias tus dej Bitsa thiab nws cov reservoir tsuas yog tsim nyog raukev cob qhia lossis kev ua si nuv ntses. Vim qhov sib thooj ntawm lub nroog loj thiab cov dej paug loj, cov ntses hauv tus dej no suav hais tias tsis tuaj yeem noj.
Park in the floodplain of the River Bitsa
Cov ntug dej ntawm yuav luag txhua qhov dej hauv Moscow muaj peev xwm ua si loj heev. Tom qab tag nrho, ntawm no, yog tias xav tau, koj tuaj yeem tsim txhua yam kev mob rau kev so zoo rau cov neeg nyob hauv lub nroog. Hauv xyoo 2014, kev txhim kho nquag ntawm qhov dej nyab ntawm Bitsa River nyob rau sab qaum teb Butovo tau pib. Txhua txoj haujlwm, raws li kev tshaj xov xwm ntawm tsoomfwv hauv nroog, yuav tsum ua kom tiav rau lub caij nplooj zeeg 2018.
Lub tiaj ua si Bitsa tshiab yuav tsum dhau los ua lwm lub hlaws hauv lub caj dab ntawm Moscow thaj chaw ntsuab. Nws stretches raws ntug dej ntawm tus dej thiab muab faib los ntawm Dmitry Donskoy Boulevard ua ob yuav luag zoo tib yam.
Tag nrho cheeb tsam ntawm thaj chaw toj roob hauv pes yog 15 hectares. Nws tau npaj cog txog 1500 cov nroj tsuag sib txawv ntawm no. Ntawm lawv yog cov ntoo qhib liab, dawb willow, larch, Japanese spirea thiab lwm hom kab txawv. Lub tiaj ua si yav tom ntej muaj qhov zoo nkauj heev, thiab cov neeg tsim qauv tau muab txoj haujlwm nyuaj: kom haum rau ntau qhov chaw ua si rau hauv toj roob hauv pes no.
Lub tiaj ua si twb tau nruab nrog ntoo decks, chaw zaum, thiab platforms ze dej. Lub network ntawm txoj kev thiab txoj hauv kev nrog qhov ntev ntawm 6.2 mais tau raug tsim.
Bitsevsky hav zoov
Lwm qhov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm ntuj tsim nyob hauv qhov dej nyab ntawm Bitsa River yog qhov hu ua Bitsa Forest. Nws yog thaj chaw ntsuab thib ob loj tshaj plaws hauv Moscow (tom qab LosinoyeIslands). Tag nrho cheeb tsam ntawm lub tiaj ua si hav zoov yog 2208 hectares, qhov ntev ntawm sab hnub poob mus rau sab hnub tuaj yog 4 km, los ntawm sab qaum teb mus rau sab qab teb yog 10 km.
Bitsevsky hav zoov yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm ecological, kev ua si thiab ib puag ncig tseem ceeb rau lub nroog. Qhov no yog ib tug tshwj xeeb muaj nuj nqis tej yam ntuj tso complex nrog ib tug tseem ceeb ntau haiv neeg ntawm flora thiab fauna. Nws ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm ib hom "ntsuab ntsuab" - tus choj hla uas huab cua huv nkag mus rau hauv plawv nroog Moscow.
Cov chaw ua si hauv hav zoov yog sawv cev los ntawm ntau dua 600 hom nroj tsuag. Lub hnub nyoog nruab nrab ntawm cov ntoo hauv hav zoov no yog 85 xyoo. Sib cais oak massifs ncav cuag lub hnub nyoog ntawm 150-200 xyoo. Cov cheeb tsam tseem ceeb yog nyob los ntawm aspen thiab birch hav zoov. Niaj hnub no, Bitsevsky Forest yog qhov chaw ua si lom zem rau Muscovites, ob lub caij ntuj sov thiab lub caij ntuj no.
Trubetskoy Estate
Ntau qhov keeb kwm thiab vaj tsev monuments tseem tau khaws cia hauv qhov dej nyab ntawm tus Dej Bitsa. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm lawv yog Znamenskoye-Sadki vaj tse. Cov vaj tsev tsim vaj tsev nyob ntawm sab laug ntawm tus dej, ze rau sab hnub poob sab hnub poob ntawm lub Northern Butovo koog tsev kawm ntawv.
Cov khoom vaj khoom tsev, uas ib zaug tau koom nrog tsev neeg huab tais Trubetskoy, muaj ntau lub tsev. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws khaws cia tseem ceeb lub tsev nrog ib tug charming arched portico ntawm lub ntsiab nkag, ib tug ntoo ib-zaj dabneeg outbuilding thiab ib lub tsev ntxhua khaub ncaws. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov cuab yeej cuab tam yog ob-tiered Pink Hall, dai kom zoo nkauj nrog lub qab nthab qub nrog cov duab ntawm lub chariot ntawm vajtswv Mars.
In the 70s, the famous Soviet film "Kuv hlub thiabtsiaj nyaum." Niaj hnub no, hmoov tsis, nkag mus rau nws thaj chaw yog txwv.
