Yuri Norshtein - tus tsim ntawm lub npe nrov "Hedgehog hauv Fog". Biography thiab tej hauj lwm tseem ceeb ntawm cartoonist

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:56

Yuri Borisovich Norshtein… Lub npe no yog paub rau txhua tus neeg uas tsawg kawg yog me ntsis paub txog Soviet animation. Koj yuav kawm txog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm biography thiab cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov animator nto moo los ntawm peb tsab xov xwm.

Norstein: tus neeg txawj ntse los ntawm sab nraud

Nyob rau xyoo 2016, tus thawj coj ua yeeb yaj kiab animated ua kev zoo siab rau nws hnub yug 75 xyoos. Yuri Norshtein yug hauv lub zos Andreevka, cheeb tsam Penza, nyob rau hauv tsev neeg ntawm ib tug kws qhia ntawv thiab ib tug yooj yim neeg ua hauj lwm. Nws siv nws thaum yau hauv Moscow, hauv Maryina Roshcha. Ntawm no tsev neeg Norshtein nyob hauv ib chav me me hauv ib chav tsev sib tham.

Tib lub sijhawm, Yuri tau kawm ob lub tsev kawm ntawv tsis tu ncua thiab kos duab, thiab xyoo 1959 nws nkag mus kawm cov yeeb yaj kiab ntawm Soyuzmultfilm zaj duab xis studio. Ntawm no nws ntsib lub galaxy ntawm nto moo thawj coj thiab animators. Yuri Norshtein nws tus kheej xaiv cov menyuam yaus cov animation rau nws tus kheej. Xyoo 1961 thiab 1973 Nws koom nrog hauv kev tsim ntau cov duab tas luav ("Lefty", "Vacation of Boniface", "Mitten" thiab lwm yam).

Norstein thawj zaug ua tus thawj coj ywj pheej tau tshwm sim hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab animated "25th, thawj zaughnub" (1968), mob siab rau cov xwm txheej ntawm Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj kiv puag ncig. Peb xyoos tom qab ntawd, lwm qhov chaw ua haujlwm los ntawm Yuri Borisovich, Kev Sib Tw ntawm Kerzhents, tau luam tawm, uas tau txais ntau yam khoom plig muaj koob npe nyob rau ib zaug (hauv Zagreb, Tbilisi thiab New York).

Txij thaum pib ntawm 90s, Yuri Norshtein tau mob siab rau ntau lub sijhawm los qhia. Nws muab cov lus qhuab qhia thiab cov chav kawm master, tsis yog hauv Russia nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj txawv teb chaws (hauv Ltalis, Fabkis, Poland, Nyiv thiab lwm lub tebchaws). Nyob rau hauv nws lub arsenal muaj tswv yim muaj ob phau ntawv hais txog kev kos duab ntawm cov animation ("Tseeb ntawm Tales" thiab "Snow on the Grass").

Yuri Norstein: zaj duab xis thiab khoom plig

"Yuav tsum tuag kom ua movie tiag"

Ib zaug tus naas ej Japanese animator, tus yeej ntawm ob Oscars Hayao Miyazaki tau nug: "Tus thawj coj niaj hnub no koj nyiam dab tsi?". Thiab nws tis lub npe ntawm lub Soviet animator, tus creator ntawm "Hedgehog nyob rau hauv lub Fog." Yuri Borisovich Norshtein yog tus thawj coj ntawm lub kaum os animated films. Nws cov hauj lwm nto moo tshaj plaws:

• "Seasons".
• "Hedgehog in the Fog."
• "taleas ntawm Fairy Tales".
• "Nyuj Hnub".

Dhau li ntawm qhov no, ua tus animator nws tau koom nrog hauv kev tsim ntau lwm cov duab kos duab Soviet. Ntawm lawv yog cov creations hlub los ntawm txhua tus - "Cheburashka", "Boniface's Vacation", "38 Parrots" thiab lwm yam. Yuri Borisovich kuj tsim ib qho screensavers rau qhov kev pab cuam "Zoo hmo ntuj, me nyuam!". Muaj tseeb, rau ntau nws zoo li txawv txawv thiab txaus ntshai.

Yuri Norshtein, tsis muaj qhov tsis ntseeg,txawj ntse heev. Thiab nws cov txuj ci tau lees paub los ntawm ntau ntau yam khoom plig thiab khoom plig. Ntawm lawv yog lub xeev nqi zog ntawm USSR, A. Tarkovsky nqi zog, Japanese Order of the Rising Sun. Feem ntau ntawm tag nrho cov khoom plig hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws tau sau los ntawm ob ntawm nws cov haujlwm - "Cov Dab Neeg ntawm Cov Dab Neeg" thiab "Lub Hedgehog hauv Fog".

Yuri Norstein: nqe lus thiab txoj haujlwm pej xeem

"Txhua yam uas piav tau dag dhau qhov kev muaj tswv yim"

Cov lus hais no qhia txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm Yuri Norshtein hauv txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws. Qhov no yog raws nraim li cas nws tsim: intuitively, sensually. Tus thawj coj nto moo tau paub tseeb tias hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab nws tsis yog qhov zoo ntawm daim duab uas yog qhov tseem ceeb, tab sis nws qhia qhov kev xav thiab kev xav ntawm nws tus sau li cas.

Yuri Norshtein tsis nyob deb ntawm cov txheej txheem kev coj noj coj ua niaj hnub no hauv tebchaws Russia thiab thoob ntiaj teb. Yog li, nws nyuaj rau txim rau cov neeg ua phem ua phem tawm tsam uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub chaw kho mob ntawm Fabkis cov ntawv xov xwm Charlie Hebdo, thiab tau hais ntau zaus hauv kev txhawb nqa cov tswv cuab ntawm pawg pob zeb Pussy Riot raug txim ntawm kev dag ntxias hauv lub tuam tsev. Norstein kuj pom zoo qhov kev koom ua ke ntawm Crimea rau Russia.

"Hedgehog in the Fog": ib tug masterpiece ntawm Soviet animation

"Yog tias kuv tsis so cov hnub qub txhua hmo, lawv yuav ploj zuj zus…"

Nyob rau xyoo 2003, ntawm Laputa International Film Festival hauv Tokyo, "Hedgehog in the Fog" tau lees paub tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws tas luav txhua lub sijhawm. Dab tsi yog qhov zais cia ntawm cov neeg txawj ntse ntawm qhov kev tsim ntawm Norshtein? Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, cov duab tas luav no tshwj xeeb hauv ntau txoj hauv kev. Nws yog naive, me ntsis psychedelic, nrog ib tug kov ntawm lub teeb tab sis qab zibtu siab.

Txoj haujlwm no tau nyiam cov menyuam yaus nrog cov duab mos mos thiab sov so, nco txog cov cim. Ib tug neeg laus saib ntawm no ib tug tej yam kev xav, ntau allegories thiab cov cim. Ib txhia txawm ntseeg hais tias qhov no yog ib tug tas luav hais txog kev phooj ywg, kev txawj ntse thiab lub Lavxias teb sab kab lis kev cai code. Los ntawm txoj kev, cov nyhuv huab cua zoo kawg nkaus hauv zaj duab xis no tau ua tiav los ntawm Norshtein yooj yim heev - siv daim ntawv dawb thiab cov ntawv nyias nyias nyias.

Zaj movie "Nkauj Ntxawm Hauv Fog" twb nkag rau hauv keeb kwm ntawm animation lawm. Thiab tsis tsuas yog domestic, tab sis kuj thoob ntiaj teb. Yuav tsum muaj kev nyab xeeb hais tias ntau tshaj li ib tiam ntawm cov menyuam yaus yuav loj hlob ntawm cov cim kos duab funny.