Sandalwood yog lub npe ntawm cov ntoo tsw qab ntawm cov ntoo ntawm genus Santal (Santalum). Sandalwood: piav qhia thiab cov peev txheej

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:56

Cov nroj tsuag no tam sim no nyob rau hauv txoj haujlwm tsis txaus ntseeg: kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov ntoo sandalwood vim lawv cov txiaj ntsig zoo tuaj yeem ua rau kev ploj tuag yog tias tsis muaj kev ntsuas nruj (raws li Is Nrias teb, Nepal thiab lwm lub tebchaws Esxias tau ua). Kab lus piav qhia txog tus nqi ntawm tsob ntoo no thiab vim li cas nws thiaj li cog qoob loo ntau heev.

Kev thov hauv ntiaj teb niaj hnub

Sandalwood yog lub npe nrov rau cov khoom lag luam tsim los ntawm tsob ntoo ntawm tsev neeg Santalum, uas loj hlob hauv Asia, Australia thiab ntau lub Pacific Islands tuaj. Cov no suav nrog:

• sandalwood roj, uas yog dav siv hauv perfumery thiab ritual ceremonies;
• sandalwood, los ntawm ntau yam yog ua: los ntawm hlaws mus rau rooj tog;
• cov xim feem ntau yog liab.

Tsis tas li ntawd, qee cov neeg nyob hauv Pacific Islands siv cov txiv ntoo sandalwood thiab cov noob ua zaub mov, txawm tias rau Europeanlawv saj yuav zoo li ntse heev. Qhov tseeb, sandalwood yog lub npe tsis raug, tab sis yog ib qho zoo nkauj tshaj plaws los hais, tab sis nyob rau hauv tsev nws yog hu ua txawv me ntsis: hauv Sanskrit nws suab zoo li chandan (txhais ua "ci ntsa iab"), tom qab hloov mus rau khau khiab lossis khau khiab ntoo. Tib lub npe yog siv los ntawm botanists thiab cov kws tshawb fawb uas tshawb nrhiav cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig thiab sim tsim ntau yam tshiab uas muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj kev loj hlob ntxiv.

Ib txhia qhov tseeb

Sandalwood yog cov nroj tsuag semi-parasitic uas thawj ob peb xyoos ntawm nws lub neej pub rau cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm lwm cov nroj tsuag nyob ze cov nroj tsuag, khawb rau hauv lawv cov hauv paus hniav. Tsis tas li ntawd, sandalwood siv hauv paus hauv av, thiab nws tsis yog tag nrho capricious: nws tuaj yeem loj hlob ob qho tib si ntawm xuab zeb thiab hauv av av nplaum. Nyob rau hauv tej yam ntuj tso kev loj hlob, nws muaj peev xwm ncav cuag ib qhov siab ntawm kaum meters thiab ib puas centimeters nyob rau hauv girth, txawm hais tias nws yuav siv sij hawm tsawg kawg yog 50 xyoo rau ib tsob ntoo loj hlob mus rau qhov loj me.

Sandalwood ntau yam muaj txog 12 hom thiab ntau tshaj plaub caug subspecies, tab sis cov hauv qab no suav hais tias yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj:

1. Santalum dawb (hauv Russia nws qee zaum hu ua daj). Hauv ntau lub tebchaws Hindu, nws suav hais tias yog tsob ntoo dawb huv. Nws yog nyob rau hauv cov ntoo thiab cov hauv paus hniav ntawm hom no uas muaj cov roj tseem ceeb tshaj plaws (txog li 10%), yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua xeem, kev txiav loj heev ntawm cov nroj tsuag no coj mus rau qhov tseeb tias sandalwood yuav tsum tau sau npe. nyob rau hauv Phau Ntawv Liab raws li ib tug yooj yim hom. Tam sim no, kev xa tawm ntawm sandalwood thiab cov roj tseem ceeb los ntawm Is Nrias teb raug txwv.
2. Yasi's khau khiab muaj nuj nqis npaum li nws cov phooj ywg, tab sisFeem ntau nyob ntawm cov kob ntawm Fiji thiab Tonga hauv cov qus. Nyob nruab nrab ntawm xyoo 1809 thiab 1816, tsob ntoo yuav luag puas tsuaj los ntawm cov neeg lag luam tshaib plab, yog li tam sim no hom khau khiab no tsis tshua muaj heev thiab tseem muaj npe hauv Phau Ntawv Liab.
3. Santalum spicatum yog Australian variant uas tsis tshua muaj nqi tab sis ntau dua. Nws tau nquag cog qoob loo hauv tebchaws Australia nyob rau xyoo tsis ntev los no: cog qoob loo muaj ntau dua 15 txhiab daim av ntawm thaj av, thiab ib tuj ntawm raw khoom ntawm kev ua lag luam fluctuates li ntawm 16 txhiab daus las ib tuj.

Hmoov tsis zoo, kev smuggling thiab tsis raug cai txiav ntoo sandalwood tshwm sim nyob rau hauv txhua qhov chaw uas nws loj hlob, txawm tias muaj zog los ntawm cov tub ceev xwm los tiv thaiv hom no. Txhawm rau kom tsob ntoo kom muaj zog ntawm cov roj tseem ceeb, nws yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 15 xyoos, thiab cov hnub nyoog 30 xyoo yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj nuj nqis. Tias yog vim li cas thiaj muaj kev yos hav zoov tiag tiag rau cov ntoo qus ntawm hom no.

Kev siv cov sandalwood

Cov khoom tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas cov nroj tsuag no cog yog cov roj tseem ceeb. Nws yog muab rho tawm los ntawm ntoo los ntawm chav distillation. Los ntawm txhua tuj ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv, kwv yees li ob puas kilograms ntawm viscous, lub teeb xim av nrog ib tug daj tint tshuaj - qhov no yog sandalwood roj, heev muaj nuj nqis los ntawm tag nrho cov perfumers thiab kws kho mob.

Cov tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm cov roj sandalwood tau pom los ntawm cov kws kho mob hauv lub sijhawm qub, nws tau siv los kho cov txheej txheem inflammatory ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Kuj tseem siv tau rau:

• nrawm ntawm cov txheej txheemkho cov ntaub so ntswg;
• tawm tsam cov kab mob ntawm ntau yam, nrog rau cov kab mob thiab kab mob.
• Yas diuretic thiab expectorant;
• txhawb kev libido thiab potency;
• normalization thiab stabilization ntawm ntshav siab, nrog rau cov teeb meem cuam tshuam nrog kev pw tsaug zog.

Hauv kev lag luam niaj hnub no, cov roj tseem ceeb ntawm tsob ntoo no yog siv los ua xab npum, tshuaj tsw qab, thiab ntau yam tshuaj pleev ib ce. Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias cov roj ntawm cov santalum dawb thiab nws cov txheeb ze Australian txawv ntawm tus nqi. Thawj yog kim heev, xws li sandalwood hauv naj hoom tsuas yog siv los ntawm cov tuam txhab lag luam, thiab qhov thib ob los ntawm Australian sandalwood muaj tus nqi qis dua ob peb zaug, yog li nws pheej yig dua rau cov neeg siv zoo tib yam, txawm hais tias nws qis dua hauv kev ua haujlwm ntev.

Ntoo ua khoom muaj nqis

Qhov thib ob tseem ceeb tshaj plaws raw khoom uas muab sandalwood yog ntoo tsw qab, ntau yam khoom plig yog tsim los ntawm nws: figurines, caskets, hlaws dai thiab bracelets, nrog rau cov khoom me me sab hauv thiab tsawg dua rooj tog. Tag nrho cov khoom no yog kim heev, raws li cov khoom siv sandalwood muaj cov ntxhiab tsw qab heev uas tsis qhuav tawm txawm tias tom qab kaum xyoo.

tsob ntoo no nws tus kheej yog tuab heev, hnyav thiab tsis raug kab kab puas tsuaj, txawm tias kab kab hla dhau nws! Qhov tsuas yog qhov tsis zoo yog tias sandalwood boards raug deformation thaum ziab, yog li cov craftsmen muaj nyob rau hauv lawv cov arsenal ib tug xov tooj ntawm manipulations tshwj xeeb los muab cov khoom.tsob ntoo no mus rau qhov xav tau.

Sandalwood paste

Cov neeg uas lees paub txog kev ntseeg Hindu ntseeg ruaj khov tias cov ntoo txiv ntoo yog cov tshuaj tsw qab ntawm cov vajtswv, muaj peev xwm tshem tawm lub tsev ntawm cov dab phem thiab lub zog tsis zoo, yog li lawv feem ntau teeb lub teeb aroma nrog nws cov ntxhiab tsw, txhuam thaj tsam ntawm pob muag, txhawb nqa. ib tug uncluttered stereotyped saib txhua yam uas muaj, thiab kuj siv ib tug tshwj xeeb sandalwood muab tshuaj txhuam nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev cai dab qhuas rituals. Nws yog tsim los ntawm cov ntoo sandalwood zoo tshaj plaws, qhuav thiab hauv av rau hauv cov hmoov, uas tom qab ntawd tov nrog me ntsis dej thiab saffron (rau xim liab ci). Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas qhov kev npaj ntawm sandalwood paste tsuas yog tso cai rau cov neeg tseem ceeb: cov no yog Brahmins (cov pov thawj hauv Hinduism) ntshiab ntawm tus ntsuj plig thiab kev xav, uas niaj hnub nyob hauv lub tuam tsev thiab siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb rau kev sib tsoo cov ntoo.

Sandalwood sticks

Tsis tas li ntawd, cov txiv ntoo feem ntau yog ua los ntawm sandalwood paste: sandalwood nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no yuav luag ib txwm muaj nyob rau hauv meditations, ntau yam chattings (sib tham nrog lub Guru), ntees tuag thiab lwm yam tseem ceeb txheej xwm nyob rau hauv lub neej ntawm Asians. Ua li no, nyias ntoo torches tau smeared nrog ib tug nyias txheej thiab qhuav nyob rau hauv lub hnub, thiab, yog hais tias tsim nyog, muab tso rau ntawm hluav taws: ib tug nyias kwj ntawm cov pa taws tswm ciab tau txais koob hmoov, nrog rau nws cov kev pab cuam ntawm tib neeg tus ntsuj plig muaj peev xwm mus txog lub divine lub xeev thiab. tshem tawm ntawm qhov tsis zoo ntawm tus cwj pwm.

YPterocarpus sandalwood

Yog li botanists hu lwm hom sandalwood. Ntau precisely, qhov no yog ib tug subspecies nrog reddish ntoo, uas, vim yog sab nraud zoo sib xws thiab tsw, yog yuam kev.suav tias yog sandalwood. Cov ntoo no kuj tseem siv tau rau kev rho tawm cov roj yam tseem ceeb, txawm hais tias nws muaj qhov tsis zoo hauv qhov zoo, thiab cov xim kuj tseem tsim los ntawm nws.

Nws yog nws tus thawj coj tuaj rau Russia ob peb centuries dhau los, ntxiv rau, nws yog liab sandalwood uas tau nce mus rau ib lo lus tshiab: "sandalize, slander", uas txhais tau hais tias yuav tsum tau npog liab, thiab tom qab ntawd - rau qaug, qaug cawv heev. Nws tau ntev tau paub tias cov neeg uas tsim txom cawv muaj lub qhov ntswg liab tas li, thiab cov neeg uas pom sandalwood thawj zaug tau hnov nws cov aroma zoo kawg nkaus thiab involuntarily sniffed cov hmoov los ze zog, staining lawv lub qhov ntswg nrog xim. Txij thaum ntawd los, lo lus twb hloov lawm, tiam sis tsis nco qab lawm.

Sandalwood tsw zoo li cas?

Yuav ua li cas paub qhov txawv ntawm qhov tsis hnov tsw ntawm ntau ntau lwm cov tshuaj tsw qab siv tsis yog hauv perfumery, tab sis kuj hauv cosmetology, nrog rau lwm qhov chaw ntawm tib neeg lub neej? Nws yog tam sim no tsim nyog sau cia tias cov tshuaj tsw qab no tsis muaj analogues: nws yog tshwj xeeb thiab unrepeatable. Qhov tsw ntawm sandalwood yog nplua nuj heev, woody-musky nrog creamy undertone, sov thiab uniform.

Cov neeg uas ib zaug paub nws yuav tsis cuam tshuam nrog lwm tus, txawm hais tias thaum cuam tshuam nrog lwm cov aromas, nws cov ntawv yuav hloov me ntsis hauv ntxoov ntxoo. Nws ua ke zoo kawg nkaus nrog rose, geranium, yuav luag tag nrho cov citrus thiab woody sau ntawv, nrog rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab jasmine tones.

Qee lub tswv yim rau kev siv roj sandalwood

Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias yog tus nqi ntawm sandalwood tseem ceeb roj yog qis dua 1.5 txhiab.rubles - feem ntau yuav, nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm koj yog ib tug hluavtaws fake los yog ib tug diluted khoom, vim hais tias cov roj tiag tiag muaj nuj nqis heev. Yog tias koj muaj hmoo txaus los ua tus tswv ntawm lub raj mis nrog qhov txuj ci tseem ceeb no, koj tuaj yeem siv nws zoo li no:

1. kom daws cov leeg varicose thiab tshem tawm cov tawv nqaij khaus, sib tov ntawm cov roj sandalwood roj nrog 150 grams roj (txiv maj phaub roj yog qhov zoo tshaj). Rub cov chaw cuam tshuam, rub maj mam rau hauv daim tawv nqaij.
2. Yog tias koj daim di ncauj feem ntau qhuav hauv qhov txias lossis los ntawm cua, ces koj tuaj yeem lubricate lawv nrog ob tee ntawm sandalwood, tib tus nqi ntawm jojoba roj, thiab 1 teaspoon ntawm txhua yam zaub ua lub hauv paus.
3. Yog cov rau tes yog nkig heev, tom qab ib hnub lossis ob hnub lawv tuaj yeem lubricated nrog nyias txheej ntawm sandalwood roj. Ntxiv nrog rau kev ntxiv dag zog rau tes, lub cev yuav hnov qab zoo, qhov xav tau ntawm cov tshuaj tsw qab hluavtaws yuav ploj mus.