Txij thaum ub, kev zoo nkauj ntawm kev nthuav qhia thiab kev yooj yim ntawm kev xav tau suav tias yog qhov tsim txiaj tshaj plaws. Nws tsis tshua muaj peev xwm nrhiav tau tus neeg uas tsis xav tias kev muaj ib lo lus tseem ceeb heev. Ib tug tuaj yeem hais ua piv txwv cov lus ntawm ib tug neeg txawj ntse thaum ub, Aristotle, uas tau hais tias yog koj xav paub ib tug neeg, koj tsuas yog xav nrog nws tham.
Txawm tias thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, cov kws qhia lus tau pib hais tias theem ntawm kev hais lus tau poob qis. Piv txwv li, D. E. Rosenthal ntseeg hais tias cov lus hais lus thiab cov lus slang zoo heev cuam tshuam rau cov lus sau. Hmoov tsis zoo, theem ntawm kev txhim kho kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas niaj hnub no tau txo qis heev, raws li, theem ntawm kev txawj hais lus tau txo qis.
Cov qauv ntawm cov lus sau tau raug ua txhaum ntau. Txawm tias cov nom tswv thiab cov neeg sau xov xwm lees paub lawv. Yuav ua li cas ua txhaum cai? Cov no yog jargon, colloquial words, borrowed words.
Kev hais lus yuam kev yog kev ua txhaum ntawm kev siv cov lus, lossis lawv cov qauv, lawv lub ntsiab lus, cov qauv sau ntawv, nrog rau kev ua txhaum ntawm cov qauv ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus hais txog orthoepy, qauv sau ntawv lossis cov lus.
Kev hais lus tsis txaus suav nrog cov lus tsis txaus ntseeg uas cuam tshuam nrog kev xaiv tsis zoo ntawm ntau yamhais lus txhais tau tias, lub ntsiab lus repetitions los yog txawm siv ib co lus ntxiv, raws li zoo raws li clichés, monotony, kev txom nyem ntawm syntactic tsim, siv tsis raug ntawm tense verbs, thiab hais txog.
hais lus yuam kev yog ob pawg: hais lus thiab sau ntawv. Cov grammatical ua txhaum cov qauv ntawm cov lus, thiab cov lus hais kom raug ua txhaum txoj cai siv cov lus hauv ib lub ntsiab lus. Ntawd yog, cov no tsis yog cov txheej txheem yuam kev cuam tshuam nrog kev tsim cov lus, tab sis cov haujlwm ua haujlwm cuam tshuam nrog kev siv.
hais lus yuam kev tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob peb pawg:
- lexical;
- morphological;
- syntactic;
- stylistic;
- kev sib txuas lus.
Cia peb tham txog qee qhov kev hais lus yuam kev.
Ntau zaus lawv tshwm sim vim tus neeg hais lus tsuas yog tsis to taub thiab tsis paub lub ntsiab lus ntawm ib lo lus lossis ob peb. Nws tuaj yeem yog, piv txwv li, qiv cov lus. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub neej tuaj yeem muab tau thaum, tsis paub, tib neeg hu ua lub koom haum mus ncig "Phobos-S", thaum lo lus no txhais tau tias "kev ntshai". Lub koom haum vaj tsev - "Deimos" thaum lo lus txhais tau tias "txaus ntshai". Qee zaum tib neeg tsis xav txog lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov lus lawv siv.
Nws yuav tsum tau hais txog qhov yuam kev xws li kev tsim tsis raug ntawm cov npe ntawm cov npe, piv txwv li: "Lub tuam txhab ua kev soj ntsuam ntawm kev lag luam ntawm kev lag luam" - thiab tom qab tag nrho, kev tshuaj xyuas tau ua tiav hauv tsev kho mob thiabpolyclinic. Cov kab lus yuav tsum zoo li no: "Lub tuam txhab tab tom ua qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm kev lag luam ntawm kev lag luam."
Hmoov tsis zoo, qhov teeb meem ntawm kev hais lus yuam kev uas peb hnov hauv kev tshaj tawm yog qhov cuam tshuam. Vim li no, mispronunciation yog kis ntawm ib qho zoo kawg ceev, plunging cov kab lis kev cai ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus mus rau hauv qhov tsaus ntuj. Kev hais lus yuam kev hauv kev tshaj tawm yog ib qho tshwm sim heev, uas, hmoov tsis, yog qhov nyuaj rau kev tshem tawm, vim tias muaj tsawg tus neeg nyeem ntawv tiag tiag ntawm kev hais lus.
