Kev txawj ntse ntau yam ua rau tus neeg no paub txog nws tus kheej hauv ntau txoj haujlwm muaj tswv yim ib zaug. Nws yog ib tug kws ua yeeb yam uas muaj koob npe, thiab tus kws kos duab duab, thiab tus thawj coj, thiab tus kws qhia ntawv. Ntawm chav kawm, qhov no yog lub npe hu Akimov Nikolai Petrovich. Nws tau hais txog nws tias nws tau sawv tawm ntawm cov neeg coob coob los ntawm qhov tseeb tias thaum nws pib hais lus, nws tau hla tag nrho cov txiv neej ntawm "Apollo" zoo li.
Nws txoj kev muaj tswv yim, zoo li ntau lwm tus neeg muaj tswv yim, tsis muaj rosy thiab tsis muaj huab. Akimov Nikolai tau ntsib ob qho tib si nce thiab nqis, tab sis nws yeej tsis nco qab txog nws lub hom phiaj zoo, uas yog ua haujlwm rau kev kos duab. Thiab nws ua tiav.
Biography
Nikolay Akimov yog haiv neeg ntawm lub nroog Kharkov (Ukraine). Nws yug los nyob rau lub Plaub Hlis 16, 1901 nyob rau hauv tsev neeg ntawm ib tug railway neeg ua hauj lwm, thiab thaum lub sij hawm tus me nyuam muaj hnub nyoog 9 xyoo, lub Akimovs raug yuam kom tsiv mus nyob rau Tsarskoe Selo, txij li thaum lub taub hau ntawm tsev neeg tau hloov mus rau qhov chaw tshiab.
Tom qab ib pliag, tus tub hluas nrog nws niam nws txiv pom nws tus kheej hauv lub nroogpe Neva. Nws yog nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg uas nws sawv ib tug tiag tiag kev txaus siab nyob rau hauv lub fine arts. Muaj Akimov Nikolai dhau los ua ib tug tub ntxhais kawm ntawm yav tsaus ntuj lub tsev kawm ntawv kos duab ntawm Lub Koom Haum rau Kev Txhawb Kev Ua Yeeb Yam (OPKh). Nyob rau hauv 1915, ib tug tub hluas kawm txog tej yam yooj yim arts nyob rau hauv lub studio ntawm S. M. Seidenberg, thiab tom qab ib co sij hawm mus kawm painting nyob rau hauv lub New Art Rhiav nyob rau hauv kev taw qhia ntawm M. V. Dobuzhinsky, A. E. Yakovlev, V. I. Shukhaev.
thawj exhibition
Xyoo 1919, hauv nws lub tebchaws, Nikolay Akimov tau koom nrog kev nthuav qhia thiab muag cov haujlwm los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij ntawm kev kos duab: A. M. Lyubimov, V. D. Ermilov, M. Sinyakova-Urechina, Z. Serebryakova. Toj roob hauv pes los ntawm novice illustrators kuj tau nthuav tawm ntawm qhov kev tshwm sim.
Thaum lub sijhawm ntawd, Nikolai Akimov (tus kws kos duab) twb ua haujlwm hauv Proletkult daim ntawv tshaj tawm rhiav hauv Petrograd.
Nyob rau lub sijhawm xyoo 1920 txog 1922, tus tub hluas tau qhia ntawm Cov Tsev Kawm Qib Siab ntawm Cov Neeg Ua Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ncaj Ncees hauv Kharkov.
Nyob rau hauv nws cov hluas, Akimov paub nws tus kheej li ib tug phau ntawv illustrator. Xyoo 1927, muaj kev nthuav qhia loj ntawm nws txoj haujlwm, cov neeg tuaj saib uas tuaj yeem txaus siab nrog lawv tus kheej ob lub qhov muag yuav ua li cas cov maestro txawj ntse tuaj yeem npaj cov ntawv tshaj tawm nrov ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd.
pib ntawm kev ua yeeb yam ua yeeb yam ua haujlwm
Thaum xyoo 1920, ib tug tub hluas raug caw tuaj ua haujlwm ntawm Kharkov Children's Theatre ua tus tsim duab kos duab. Nws debut nyob rau hauv daim teb no yog ua si "Lub Labor ntawm Hercules" (A. Beletsky). Tom qab ntawd Nikolai Pavlovich tau tso siab rau kev ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov "Alinur" (raws li lub fairy taleas. O. Wilde "Star Boy").
Xyoo 1923 nws tuaj rau Cov Kws Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij thiab Kev Tshawb Fawb. Ntawm no nws pib dai kom zoo nkauj hauv kev ua si "Give Hamlet" (N. Evreinov). Tsis ntev tus tub hluas pib koom tes nrog "cov tuam tsev ntawm Melpomene ntawm cov ntawv me", uas yog: "Free Comedy", "Musical Comedy" thiab "Modern Theatre".
Xyoo 1924, Akimov tau dai kom zoo nkauj ntawm "Virgin Forest" (E. Toller), uas tau ua tiav ntawm Bolshoi Drama Theatre. Nikolai Petrovich kuj tau tsim ua yeeb yam "Lake Lyul" (A. Faiko), ua yeeb yam ntawm Academic Drama Theatre.
Ntxiv rau, tus maestro tau ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua yeeb yam los ntawm lub npe nrov A. Faiko "Evgraf - Adventurer", uas cov neeg ua yeeb yam tuaj yeem pom ntawm theem 2 ntawm Moscow Art Theatre.
Lub sijhawm ntawd, Akimov Nikolai Pavlovich (tus kws kos duab) tuaj nrog nws thawj cov ntawv tshaj tawm ua yeeb yam.
Ua haujlwm ua tus thawj coj
Maestro coj qhov chaw tsis yog hauv kev tshaj lij ntawm tus kws kos duab. Nws kuj tau nto moo rau nws cov thawj coj.
Xyoo 1932, Akimov tau ua nws thawj zaug nrog kev ua yeeb yam classic "Hamlet", qhov premiere uas tshwm sim nyob rau theem ntawm kev ua yeeb yam. E. Vakhtangov.
Music Hall
Ib xyoos tom qab, Nikolai Pavlovich tau muab los ua tus thawj coj ntawm Leningrad Music Hall, thiab nws pom zoo rau qhov no.
Nws tsim kev sim kev cob qhia thiab tso rau hauv kev ua si "Lub thaj neeb ntawm Kev Sib Yuav (E. Labiche). Nyob rau hauv lub Honorary txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub suab paj nruag Hall, tus thawj coj Akimov Nikolai Pavlovichsim tsim ib pab neeg muaj tswv yim "mus tas li", thiab ua kom muaj kev sib txawv ntawm kev ua yeeb yam repertoire los ntawm ib hom ntawv nyeem. Nrog nws pawg ntseeg, nws tau koom nrog kev ua yeeb yam ntev, xav qhia lawv hauv cov neeg ua yeeb yam uas yuav muaj peev xwm ua tau ntau lub luag haujlwm. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum tau tawm ntawm "lub tuam tsev ntawm Melpomene" uas tau hais tseg vim nws muaj kev tsis pom zoo nrog nws txoj kev coj noj coj ua. Lawv cov ntsiab lus tau tawg mus rau hauv qab no: tus maestro tsis raug tso cai los ua yeeb yam raws li kev ua yeeb yam los ntawm E. Schwartz "Tus Ntxhais fuabtais thiab Swineherd".
YComedy Theatre
Tom qab tawm hauv lub tsev suab paj nruag, Nikolai Pavlovich tsis nyob twj ywm tsis ua haujlwm ntev. Nyob rau hauv 1935 nws pib coj lub Leningrad Theatre ntawm Comedy (satire). Nyob rau hauv kev ncaj ncees, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias qhov no ua yeeb yam nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm twb mus deb ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lub sij hawm: cov neeg tuaj saib tsis xav mus xyuas lub tsev kawm ntawv nrog ib tug es monotonous repertoire. Nws yog Akimov uas tau tswj kom hloov kho colossal hauv lub neej sab hauv ntawm kev ua yeeb yam comedy.
Nyob rau hauv ib xyoos xwb, nws ua rau kev ua yeeb yam tsis lees paub: Nikolai Pavlovich tau ua pa "lub neej thib ob" rau hauv nws, thiab txawm tias lo lus "comedy" pib sau nrog tsab ntawv loj. Anisimov's "K" tseem tshwm sim hauv kev ua yeeb yam.
Repertoire thiab cast tau hloov kho
Cov premieres, tuav hauv yeej, tau staged ib tom qab. Nyob rau theem ntawm Comedy Theatre, nws muaj peev xwm txhais nws cov kev npaj mus sij hawm ntev rau hauv kev muaj tiag. Nikolai Petrovich tau ntev xav mus ua yeeb yam nto moo los ntawm E. L. Schwartz thiab ua nws. Yog li ntawd, cov yeeb yam "Dragon" thiab "Shadow" tshwm. Lub repertoire ntawm theatre kuj suav nrog classical ua yeeb yam,xws li: "Aub nyob rau hauv lub Manger" (Lopa de Vega), "Twelfth Night" (William Shakespeare), "Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Scandal" (Richard Sheredan). Nikolai Akimov, uas nws cov duab tsis tu ncua luam tawm nyob rau hauv cov nplooj ntawv ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm hais txog lub neej kab lis kev cai ntawm Leningrad nyob rau hauv lub 30s, nquag sim nyob rau hauv nws "patrimony". Nyob rau hauv lub Comedy Theatre, nws khaws ib tug tshiab cam khwb cia, hais goodbye rau lub prima Granovskaya thiab tsis kam koom tes nrog Lavxias teb sab tenor Leonid Utyosov. Nws caw inexperienced tab sis cog lus lam mus rau lub troupe, ib co ntawm cov neeg ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub ua yeeb yam studio "Siv". Tshwj xeeb, Nikolai Akimov (tus thawj coj) tau caw Irina Zarubina, Boris Tenin, Sergei Filippov, Alexander Beniaminov los koom nrog nws pab neeg. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv tau los ua nto moo cov duab nyob rau hauv daim duab ntawm impersonation. Cov sketches ntawm cov khaub ncaws uas tus maestro tuaj nrog sib tham ntau li ntau tau rau cov neeg ua yeeb yam uas nws pom zoo rau lub luag haujlwm. Lawm, Nikolai Pavlovich nws tus kheej ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntawv tshaj tawm ua yeeb yam, tsis ntseeg qhov teeb meem no rau lwm tus.
Thaum kawg ntawm 30s, lub tuam tsev ntawm Melpomene, uas nws coj, tau los ua qhov chaw nyiam kev lom zem rau cov neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm "lub nroog ntawm Neva".
Thaum Kev Tsov Rog Loj Loj tau pib, pawg neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm Comedy Theatre txuas ntxiv muab kev ua yeeb yam rau qee lub sijhawm, tab sis twb tau nyob hauv BDT lub tsev, vim tsuas yog muaj lub foob pob tawg. Kwv yees li 30 tus kws ua yeeb yam tau tuav caj npab thiab mus tua cov yeeb ncuab. Lub tsev ua yeeb yam tau khiav tawm mus rau Caucasus, qhov chaw tus thawj coj tau ua ntau txog 16 qhov kev ua yeeb yam ua yeeb yam.
Tshuaj ntawm theatre
Nyob rau hauv lub lig 40s, Soviet cov thawj cojtus maestro raug liam ntawm Westernism thiab ib txoj hauv kev rau kev kos duab, tom qab uas nws raug tshem tawm ntawm lub taub hau ntawm kev ua yeeb yam. Nikolai Petrovich raug tso tseg yam tsis muaj haujlwm, tab sis nws "cov npoj yaig hauv khw" - N. Cherkasov, N. Okhlopkov, B. Tenin, tsis tso nws tawm hauv qhov teeb meem, pab nyiaj txiag rau nws. Thaum lub sij hawm no lub sij hawm ntawm nws biography, tus maestro tig mus rau painting thiab pib pleev xim rau portraits. Nws yuav tsim cov duab tshwj xeeb ntawm cov phooj ywg saum toj no.
Tab sis twb nyob rau hauv 1952, Akimov yuav rov qab mus rau directing ua hauj lwm, muab tso rau ntawm lub theatre theem. Lensoviet ua yeeb yam "Case" (Sukhovo-Kobylin) thiab "Shadows" (M. S altykov-Shchedrin). Plaub xyoos tom qab ntawd, Nikolai Pavlovich yuav rov qab coj lub reins ntawm Comedy Theatre rau hauv nws txhais tes.
Kev qhia ua haujlwm
Akimov kuj raug hu ua ib tug kws qhia txuj ci. Xyoo 1955, nws yuav los qhia cov tub ntxhais hluas ua yeeb yam hauv lub koom haum Leningrad Theatre. Nyob ntawd nws yuav tsim ib lub tuam tsev kos duab thiab tsim khoom, uas tom qab ntawd nws yuav ua tus thawj coj.
Los ntawm nws cov xeeb ntxwv, nws yuav coj ntau dua ib lub galaxy ntawm tus tswv ntawm kev ua yeeb yam. Nyob rau hauv 1960, Nikolai Pavlovich tau muab tsub lub title ntawm professor ntawm LTI.
Exhibitions
Txawm tias nyob rau nruab nrab-1950s, kev nthuav qhia ntawm cov ntawv tshaj tawm ua yeeb yam los ntawm Akimov tau teeb tsa hauv lub nroog Soviet. Tom qab qee lub sijhawm, nws tau mus rau lub nroog Belgium rau Lub Ntiaj Teb Exhibition, qhov chaw nws tau txais ib qho khoom plig nyiaj rau nws cov kev pabcuam hauv kev kos duab.
Xyoo 1963, nyob rau hauv "sab qaum teb lub nroog" thiab xyoo 1965 hauv Moscow, kev nthuav qhia tus kheej ntawm nws cov haujlwm tau tuav. Maestro tau sib yuav rau actress ElenaJunger, uas nws muaj ib tug ntxhais, Nina.
Nikolai Pavlovich tuag rau lub Cuaj Hlis 6, 1968, thaum mus ncig ntawm Comedy Theatre. Nws raug faus rau ntawm Volkovsky Orthodox tojntxas hauv St. Petersburg.
